Borgo Valsugana

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Borgo Valsugana
coat of arms
Borgo Valsugana (Italy)
Borgo Valsugana
Country Italy
region Trentino-South Tyrol
province Trento  (TN)
Coordinates 46 ° 3 '  N , 11 ° 27'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 3 '0 "  N , 11 ° 27' 0"  E
height 386  m slm
surface 52 km²
Residents 6,998 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 135 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 38051
prefix 0461
ISTAT number 022022
Popular name Borghesani
Patron saint St. Prosper
Website www.comune.borgo-valsugana.tn.it
The Brenta in Borgo Valsugana

Borgo Valsugana (German outdated castle in the Sugan Valley ) in the Trentino dialect Al Bòrgo , is an Italian municipality in the province of Trento with 6,998 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019). The image of the historic center is characterized by the long arcade lane and the Brenta River .

geography

Borgo Valsugana is located 36 km southeast of Trento in the central part of the Valsugana , which forms a narrow point here and is bordered in the north by Monte Ciolino, on whose slopes Castel Telvana lies, and in the south by Monte Rocchetta. The valley near Borgo in the south is determined by Monte Ortigara with the Cima Dodici 2336  m slm , Cima Undici 2229  m slm and Cima Dieci 2215  m slm , the northern edge of the plateau of the seven municipalities , which is already part of the Veneto region .

history

The history of Borgo Valsugana is closely linked to the history of Valsugana as an important passage valley. Borgo Valsugana was first mentioned in the 1st century AD as Ausugum , a Roman military station on the Via Claudia Augusta . Archaeological finds, however, lead to the conclusion that the area around Borgo was already inhabited before.

Little is known of Borgo's history up to the 11th century. This only changes with the emergence of the Principality of Trento and the division of Valsugana into the two dioceses of Trento and Feltre . A governor of the Bishop of Feltre ruled the parts of the Valsugana belonging to Feltre from Borgo. In the 14th century the place received its own municipal statute as Magnifica Comunità di Borgo from the bishop in Feltre.

The secular rule of Feltres ended in 1228 with Ezzelino da Romano , who occupied the Valsugana and Feltre. This was followed by an eventful phase in which the town and the valley came under different spheres of influence. In 1412 the troops of Frederick IV finally occupied the Valsugana, with which Borgo came under the rule of the Habsburgs . In 1487 the Valsugana fell briefly to Venice in the war between the Republic of Venice and Sigmund von Tirol . In the period that followed, the valley was repeatedly drawn into the conflict between the House of Habsburg and the lagoon republic, which only ended in 1516.

In 1609, Archduke Maximilian III. the districts of the lower Valsugana have their own statutes. This started a phase of economic and cultural boom in Borgo Valsugana too. This was marked by the introduction of silkworm breeding , which became an important source of income. During this prosperous period, some palaces and the parish church of Borgo Valsugana were built in the 18th century.

After the eventful Napoleonic period , during which the country was temporarily under French, Austrian, Bavarian and Italian rule, Borgo Valsugana returned to Austria with the Congress of Vienna . Austrian rule was only temporarily interrupted until 1919 in 1866 during the Third Italian War of Independence , when Italian troops under General Giacomo Medici advanced across the Valsugana to the gates of Trento. There was also a skirmish between the Austrian and Italian troops at Borgo on July 23. This brief interlude ended again with the Cormons armistice, which was concluded on August 12, 1866, and the Italians withdrew.

Until the First World War , the history of the place was mainly characterized by various natural disasters. For example, 159 houses were destroyed in a fire in 1862, while in 1882 a devastating flood hit the valley, which destroyed large parts of the arable land, which resulted in the first major wave of emigration . Emigration intensified at the end of the century when silkworm breeding came to a virtual standstill due to Pébrine's disease . Most of the emigrants moved to the town of Bludenz in Vorarlberg , with which there is now a town partnership.

An upswing did not occur until the beginning of the 20th century with the beginning of industrialization. In 1903 Borgo was connected to the power grid. In 1913 the city theater, the Teatro Sociale, was inaugurated. In 1914 Borgo Valsugana became the garrison town of the kuk Feldjäger Battalion 22nd .

Radiation therapy treatment in the 1950s at Borgo Valsugana hospital

With the beginning of the First World War, the able-bodied men from Borgo Valsugana were drafted and sent to the Eastern Front at the beginning of August 1914 , where most of them fell in the first two months of the war in Galicia near Lemberg , near Przemyśl or in the Serbian campaign . When Italy entered the war on May 23, 1915, Borgo Valsugana was evacuated and effectively a no man's land , which was occupied by Italian troops in August 1915 and came under Austrian control again with the Austro-Hungarian South Tyrol offensive in May 1916. Shortly before the end of the war, Italian troops finally occupied the place on November 2, 1918, which became part of the Kingdom of Italy with the Treaty of Saint-Germain in 1919.

In the post-war period, the slow reconstruction of the site, which was a third completely destroyed, began, while the remaining buildings were largely badly damaged.

During the Second World War , Borgo Valsugana was only marginally touched towards the end of the war when fighting Italian resistance groups and when the Allies bombed the Valsugana Railway . On May 2, 1945, the US Army entered Borgo.

One of the most significant events after 1945 was the opening of the radiation therapy department in the Borgo Valsugana hospital in 1953, which was the first in Europe to use a cobalt cannon to treat tumors .

In November 1966 , the place and the surrounding area were hit by severe flooding, which left considerable damage. The subsequent reconstruction still shapes the townscape today.

Administrative division

In addition to Borgo Valsugana, the municipality also includes the town of Olle in the south. Borgo Valsugana is also the administrative seat of the valley community Comunità Valsugana e Tesino .

Sports

The 17th stage of the Giro d'Italia 1988 ended in Borgo with the victory of Patrizio Gambirasio .

Cultural events

Every two years since 1986 the " Arte Sella " takes place in the summer , an exhibition of modern art in nature. The exhibited works can be viewed along a path that is around three kilometers long.

On the other hand, the “Costa-Alm” offers meetings with the artists and further information for the public. In 2001 the work “Cattedrale vegetale” by the artist Giuliano Mauri was erected near the Alm .

Parish partnership

People from Borgo Valsugana

The artist Erika Giovanna Klien was born here. Borgo is also known as the adopted home of Alcide De Gasperis , who married here, lived here for a long time and died here in August 1954. The Town Hall Square, the Association of High Schools and the "Sala De Gasperi" were named after him. The cyclist Matteo Trentin was also born here.

literature

  • Aldo Gorfer: Le Valli del Trentino: guida geografico-storico-artistico-ambientale. Trentino orientale. Manfrini, Trento 1977.

Web links

Commons : Borgo Valsugana  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Burgum in the Topographia Austriacarum (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ↑ Aldo Gorfer: Le Valli del Trentino: guida geografico-storico-artistico-ambientale. Trentino orientale. Pp. 884-885
  3. ↑ a b Municipal statute in Italian (PDF; 298 kB), accessed on February 23, 2018.
  4. ↑ a b c d The story of Borgo Valsugana in Italian , accessed on May 18, 2017.
  5. ↑ General Medici in the Valsugana in Italian , accessed on May 18, 2017.
  6. ↑ The Valsugana in World War I in Italian (PDF; 172 kB), accessed on May 18, 2017.
  7. ↑ On the history of radiotherapy in Borgo Valsugana in Italian , accessed on May 18, 2017.