Mezzolombardo

Mezzolombardo
Country	Italy
region	Trentino-South Tyrol
province	Trento  (TN)
Coordinates	46 ° 13 '  N , 11 ° 5'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 12 '49 "  N , 11 ° 5' 26"  E
height	227  m slm
surface	13.82 km²
Residents	7,311 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density	529 inhabitants / km²
Adjacent communities	Clay , Mezzocorona , Spormaggiore , San Michele all'Adige , Fai della Paganella , Terre d'Adige
Post Code	38017
prefix	0461
ISTAT number	022117
Website	Mezzolombardo

Mezzolombardo (also Mezombàrt , German outdated Welsch-Metz ) is an Italian municipality ( comune ) with 7,311 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the province of Trento , region of Trentino-Alto Adige . The municipality belongs to the valley community Comunità Rotaliana-Königsberg and comprises with almost 14 km² part of the Rotaliana plain and the Paganella massif . The place at the foot of Monte Fausior is particularly known for the production of Teroldego Rotaliano and is the seat of the Cantina Rotaliana winery.

geography

location

Topographic map of Mezzolombardo in the western Rotaliana plain with the La Rupe industrial park (colored pink)

View from the south on Mezzolombardo

The municipality of Mezzolombardo is located in the west of the Rotaliana plain at the exit of the Val di Non in the province of Trento , region Trentino-South Tyrol and extends over an area of ​​13.82 km². The community center is located northeast of the Paganella mountain range at the foot of Monte Fausior at 227  m slm and is bordered by the Nonsbach plain . Due to the footprint and the resulting portion of the Rotaliana plain, around a quarter of the municipal area consists of agricultural land , the rest are predominantly forests and other forms of land. The highest point of Mezzolombardos is on the Doss della Taia on Monte Fausior at approx. 1357 m, while the deepest is at the southernmost end of the municipality on the Nonsbachufer at 204 m. The neighboring communities are Ton in the north, Mezzocorona and San Michele all'Adige in the east, Terre d'Adige and Fai della Paganella in the south and Spormaggiore in the west.

geology

The Paganella mountain range and the Nonsberg group , the foothills of which surround Mezzolombardo on three sides, consist largely of limestone and dolomite , which were formed during the Triassic and Jura . To the south and west of Mezzolombardo there are predominantly light gray to whitish limestone of the Jurassic Monte Zugna formation . To the northeast rises the Monte di Mezzocorona belonging to the southern Mendel ridge, which is dominated by the main dolomite and the light gray to white Dolomites of the Schlern formation . The west of Mezzolombardos in the direction of the Adige is characterized by glacial deposits in the Rotaliana plain. Today's center of Mezzolombardo lies on an alluvial cone that rises approx. 15 m above today's valley floor. The church of San Pietro and its cemetery, on the other hand, is located on a small terrace made of cemented conglomerates , which is 40 m above the valley floor.

Waters

Mezzolombardo is significantly shaped by two natural waters. On the one hand there is the visually dominating Nonsbach , an important tributary of the Adige , which flows in a wide arc around the village and in part also forms a natural municipality boundary with Mezzocorona . Traditionally more important as a supplier of drinking water, however, is the trickle of Rio di Fai della Paganella (also known as Rio della Valle, but mostly simply called Rì in the vernacular), which flows down from Monte Fausior towards the village. Originally the Rì ran straight through Mezzolombardo before increasing sedimentation slowly lifted it out of its bed , which in modern times began to lead to floods more and more frequently. From the late 17th century onwards, attempts were initially made to tackle the problem with dykes , and in 1836 its course was mostly underground and its water was channeled into canals.

Between 1849 and 1852 the much more controversial regulation of the Nonsbach took place among the population . While its original course let it flow into the Adige at San Michele , the new artificial river bed was supposed to pull the Nonsbach further south and only let it flow into Zambana . This state-sponsored measure took little account of the needs of the local population, who had to accept the loss of important pasture areas. In addition, the narrower river bed required the construction of significantly higher dykes than before, as the floods of 1882 and 1966 should show.

Nature reserves

Mezzolombardos only nature reserve is an estimated 42-45 hectare biotope , which is located in the extreme south of the municipality and is called La Rupe . The biotope was only created during the floods of 1926 as a result of a dam burst on the right bank of the Nonsbach, which had been forced into an artificial river bed almost 75 years earlier. Since hardly any cultivation areas had been lost and the costs would have exceeded the benefits of rebuilding the embankment, it was decided without further ado to leave the Nonsbach, which had been involuntarily renaturalized at this point . In the following decades largely ignored and untouched by humans, La Rupe developed into a final refuge for a multitude of wild plants, fish populations, insects and amphibians (especially the yellow-bellied toad ), which have completely disappeared from the rest of the Adige Valley. Last but not least, the dense biodiversity of small prey also provides a good breeding ground for breeding birds such as mallards , kingfisher and silk warbler, as well as waders such as sandpipers . In addition, the course of the river, shaped at this point by small meanders and still waters , gives an idea of ​​what the entire Adige Valley might have looked like before human intervention. Finally, in 1993, the autonomous Trento state government declared the biotope a nature reserve, which has since been included in the EU Natura 2000 network.

climate

The climate in Mezzolombardo is determined by its geographical location in the Adige Valley . It is primarily characterized by its location at the foot and at the mouth of the Val di Non in the Rotaliana plain. With up to 300 days of sunshine per year, the Adige Valley is one of the sunniest valleys in the Alps, but in Mezzolombardo it disappears behind the Paganella mountain range in the summer months around 5 p.m. and in the winter months around 1 p.m. The Etschtal winds, especially those from the south, are largely shielded from the same. Cool winds from Val di Non are more the rule, but are generally weak to moderate. From June to August, summer thunderstorms can be expected in the evening , although these are usually less violent than in the upper Adige Valley. Almost a third of the total annual precipitation falls in autumn, while the winter months are relatively dry and cold with an average of 3–5 rainy days per month.

Average Temperatures and Rainfall for Mezzolombardo, 1981-2010 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 6.2 9.4 14.8 18.4 23.5 27.2 29.9 29.4 24.5 18.3 11.0 6.0 O 18.3 Min. Temperature (° C) -3.3 -1.6 2.8 6.7 11.2 14.4 16.6 16.0 12.1 7.6 1.6 -2.3 O 6.9 Temperature (° C) 1.5 3.9 8.8 12.5 17.3 20.8 23.2 22.7 18.3 12.9 6.3 1.9 O 12.6 Precipitation ( mm ) 45.5 36.5 59.3 84.8 91.9 89.1 84.8 80.7 85.8 111.8 107.0 67.9 Σ 945.1 Rainy days ( d ) 4th 3 6th 8th 9 9 9 8th 6th 8th 7th 5 Σ 82 T e m p e r a t u r 6.2 -3.3 9.4 -1.6 14.8 2.8 18.4 6.7 23.5 11.2 27.2 14.4 29.9 16.6 29.4 16.0 24.5 12.1 18.3 7.6 11.0 1.6 6.0 -2.3 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec N i e d e r s c h l a g 45.5 36.5 59.3 84.8 91.9 89.1 84.8 80.7 85.8 111.8 107.0 67.9   Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Source: Civil Defense of the Autonomous Province of Trento - Climate Department

history

antiquity

The earliest evidence of human activity in the Rotaliana plain are Mesolithic finds under the rock shelter Dos de la Forca at the foot of the Cornello (Mezzocorona municipality). Spearheads found there and remains of a storage site go back to the middle of the 7th millennium BC. BC back. As a result, a permanent settlement developed that was to have existed continuously until the early Neolithic . The oldest traces of human settlements in the municipality of Mezzolombardo also come from this era . These could be detected in a thin settlement layer under a rock shelter near the Nogarole building rubble landfill , southwest of today's La Rupe biotope . However , Nogarole gained particular importance as an archaeological site through the uncovering of Bronze Age graves and an urn necropolis for infants and fetuses, all of which enabled a clearer picture of the burial practices of that time. The associated settlement has been located on a cone of rubble above the La Rupe biotope , which adjoins the industrial park of the same name to the southwest. Bronze jewelery and molds in mica slate suggest that the population of that time did not only breed cattle but also worked metal . Due to the risk of mudslides , the settlement had to be abandoned in the middle to late Bronze Age. In their place, a more stable terrace settlement was built in the early Iron Age , but it was established as early as the middle of the 1st millennium BC. BC also had to be given up. A late Iron Age settlement near Fai della Paganella suggests that from the 5th century BC onwards. Martial activity had increased and, as a result, settlements in the valley were no longer safe. A permanent settlement in the Rotaliana plain, which was uncovered near the present center of Mezzocorona , can only be proven again in Roman times. The ancient Roman finds from the municipality of Mezzolombardo, on the other hand, are mainly limited to small objects such as coins and fibulae , as well as remains of burial sites on the hill of San Pietro.

middle Ages

Early middle ages

As a result of the dissolution of the Western Roman Empire and the turmoil at the time of the Great Migration , the area of ​​Mezzolombardo was first under Germanic , then under Eastern Gothic rule. In the course of the Gothic War in 536 the Alemanni and a few years later the Franks, plundering the Adige Valley and destroying the last remains of ancient Roman settlements before their armies were driven out by the Eastern Roman army in 556 . With the conquest of Italy by the Lombards , the area was politically consolidated in 569 under Ewin , the newly appointed Duke of Tridentum . In 577, the Franks again invaded the Rotaliana plain under General Chramnichis across the Val di Non and defeated the Lombard Count Ragilo of Lagaris before they were wiped out by Duke Ewin near Salurn . Subsequently, the area of ​​Mezzolombardo remained under the Longobard Empire for two centuries until it was finally conquered by Charlemagne . Instead of Lombard dukes, Franconian counts, who were subordinate to the margraves of Verona , directed the fate of the region around Trento. In the following decades this lost its political importance, but gradually developed into a social meeting point between Romanesque and Franconian cultures. In the course of the Franconian divisions of 843 and 855 , the area was initially added to the Middle Kingdom , later to Ludwig II , before the rule of the national kings began in 888 . This ended in 951 with the defeat of Berengar II against Otto I , whereupon the margraviate of Verona was united with the duchy of Bavaria .

High and late Middle Ages

In regional historiography, the year 1004 is highlighted as a historic turning point, as Henry II transferred secular power over the county of Trento to Prelate Udalrich I in the course of a prayer fraternity in the Trient Episcopal Church . This was confirmed on May 31, 1027 by his successor Conrad II ; in addition, the bishopric of Trento was founded through the incorporation of the counties of Bolzano and Vinschgau . This was administratively in church advocacies ( guest Aldien divided), which in turn local setting Richter ( scari ) were subject, which in turn functions of the lower courts fulfilled. Since 1210 at the latest, the existence of a scaria sancti Petri has been documented, i.e. an official seat of the judges on the hill of San Pietro, which ruled over the farmers of the present-day villages of Mezzolombardo and Fai. The Scaria, in turn, was subordinate to the Gastaldia di Mezo , which at that time comprised the area of ​​today's valley communities Paganella and Rotaliana-Königsberg (with Grumo, but without San Michele and Lavis) as well as today's communities Campodenno , Denno and a large part of Predaia .

In the second half of the 13th century. the Count of Tyrol Meinhard II usurped with increasing success against the secular power of the bishops of Trent. This culminated in 1271 when he withdrew the entire Adige Valley up to the mouth of the Nonsbach near Grumo. The now divided Bailiwick of Mezo , north of the Nonsbach, was under the control of the loyal lord of the castle of Corona ( Mezo di Corona ), while the part that remained with the Duchy of Trento was administered from the hill of San Pietro by a deputy vicar . Since the only remaining road connection between Trento and the Val di Non was guarded from this hill, the associated town subsequently also assumed a much more important role. Bishop Alessandro di Masovia took this into account and granted Mezzolombardo customs rights in 1426 . In the course of the 15th century. the Germanization of Mezzocorona was probably so advanced that the toponym change from Meçi de Sancto Petro to Mezolombardo took place at that time , whereby -lombardo is to be equated with Italian in this context .

Modern times

Early modern age

Beginning of the 16th century. Mezzolombardo was also hit by the Peasants' War . From May 16, 1525, for example, 70 rebels from Mezzocorona and Mezzolombardo were able to successfully take control of the road connection along the valley of the Val di Non ( Rocchetta ) and Belasi Castle . It was only when they tried to take Braghér Castle that the rebels were successfully repulsed. In the middle of the century, the way the common population was dealt with finally changed insofar as the law, which until then had been handed down exclusively orally, was written down in a separate charter ( Carta di Regola ). However, these early approaches to a more just civil society were overshadowed by various calamities in the decades that followed. The population of Mezzolombardo suffered first from an epidemic of plague in 1575 , then from famine in 1590 and was finally ravaged by the plague again in 1630. On the other hand, the fires of 1635 and 1705, which together destroyed practically all of the medieval building fabric, were particularly decisive for the building history of the place. The historic town center is made up almost entirely of buildings from the early 18th century as well as some preserved buildings from the middle of the 17th century. In addition, the early modern era for Mezzolombardo was characterized by minor border disputes with neighboring communities over fields and pastureland, of which more than a dozen are documented.

Coalition wars

In the course of the Italian campaign , Napoleon and his troops reached the Rotaliana plain on September 6, 1796. The next day, around noon, a hundred French soldiers broke into Mezzolombardo to plunder through the town. However, these could be repulsed by Austrian dragoons who had holed up behind the Rocchetta without harming the residents of Mezzolombardos. In the afternoon Napoleon had already withdrawn towards Bassano to confront his adversary Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser in another battle . Although the major battles were fought outside of Trentino in the further course of the campaign, the Rotaliana plain was the scene of some skirmishes in the winter months between 1796 and 1797 . As a result, Mezzolombardo sometimes came under French occupation, but the population was largely spared from further attacks.

While the First Coalition War had no political consequences for the region, the peace treaty of the Second Coalition War resulted in the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss and thus the end of the administrative independence of the Principality of Trento. From 1803 onwards, Mezzolombardo was also directly subordinate to the County of Tyrol, which in turn was awarded to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1806 as a result of the Peace of Pressburg . During the Tyrolean uprising of 1809, the population of Mezzolombardo expressed solidarity with Andreas Hofer and sent their own rifle associations to take part in the renewed fight against the French. After the uprising was suppressed, Tyrol was divided between the kingdoms of Bavaria and Italy, with Mezzolombardo going to the Kingdom of Italy . Following the Wars of Liberation , Tyrol was reunified, so that, after the Congress of Vienna , Mezzolombardo came to the Austrian Empire in 1815 .

Belonging to the Austrian monarchy

The first years under Austrian administration were dominated by river containment work, regulation of ditches and similar hygiene measures. In 1824 the district court was set up in Mezzolombardo, whereby the market town began to develop again into an administrative center within the Rotaliana plain. With the opening of a steam spinning mill in 1832, industrialization finally arrived. In addition to the conventional textile industry, silkworm breeding also flourished in the mid-19th century , which again created jobs and replaced agriculture as the most important branch of the economy. In addition to the new fields of employment, associations developed similarly to the rest of the monarchy. During this time, in addition to a local music band , a volunteer fire brigade and various interest and sports clubs were founded. In the local historiography, the creation of the fire brigade corps is regarded as a particularly important event, since in addition to the professionalization of fire protection measures, it also resulted in the creation of an entire infrastructure of extinguishing wells that are still visible today.

Around 1855, when the silk industry in Mezzolombardo had just developed into a flourishing industry, the Pébrine disease reached Welschtirol. Already around 1858, practically all silk moths in the region were infected by the pathogens. Although attempts were made to save the silk culture in the course of the 1860s by importing other animal species that supplied silk, the economy of the monarchy at that time was battered by the wars against Italy and in particular the unfavorable outcome of the German war , in order to stimulate new impulses. With the cession of Veneto in 1866, which had been administered in many cases by bilingual officials from Trentino, both the tax burden and the already tense situation on the labor market increased in the short term. In addition, the tariffs now imposed on the new state border made trade with the northern Italian cities, which was important for the entire region up to now, more difficult. As a result of these upheavals, dozens of families from Mezzolombardo also emigrated to the then rich states of South America, particularly Brazil, in the mid-1870s. Towards the end of the century the economic focus shifted back to viticulture. The local Teroldego also gained a good reputation north of the Alps and could be exported quickly via the Brenner Railway . In addition, at the turn of the century, Mezzolombardo was able to benefit from tourism as a stopover for tourists who were traveling to the Nons and Sulztal valleys.

The fundamentally positive development of those years had obviously not escaped the imperial family. Franz Joseph I, for example, paid a visit to Mezzolombardo on August 30, 1905 during maneuvering exercises in Welschtirol. The emperor, who was celebrated during the almost three-hour visit, praised Mayor Guido Fiorini for his work and took time to listen to a request from Vice Mayor Carlo Ossana, who asked for a detachment from the Trento district and the elevation of Mezzolombardo to a district of its own. The request was granted and the district was established on August 1, 1906, which later made Mezzolombardo the garrison of the kuk Feldjäger Battalion No. 14 under the command of Major Alfred von Hankenstein. After the First World War , the annexation to the Italian kingdom followed.

population

Population development and structure

The municipality is relatively densely populated with a population density of 510 inhabitants per km² (for comparison: the Trentino-Alto Adige region has 77, Italy 202 inhabitants per km²). The population of Mezzolombardos declined from 1734 to 1774, from 1910 to 1936 and from 1981 to 1991. The decrease between 1870 and 1880 can ostensibly be explained by the fact that the parish registers counted the souls born in the place, but did not take into account the immigrants or emigrants. The sudden increase in the population from 1936 to 1951 is explained by the influx of “bomb refugees” from the cities during the Second World War. As this effect soon fizzled out, the pre-World War I population was not exceeded again until the late 1960s. The striking population growth rates from 1991 to 2011 are due on the one hand to the influx of residents from the more expensive cities of Trento and Bolzano, on the other hand to the constant influx of foreigners . For example, the proportion of the foreign population almost doubled between 2004 (6.8%) and 2013 (13.2%). The rough age structure of the population of Mezzolombardo as of January 1, 2014 shows that 65.6% of the population are over 15 and under 65 years old. 15.7% of the population are younger, 18.7% older. The proportion of women in the population is 51.1%. According to the 2011 census, 9.1% of over-six-year-olds have a university degree (proportion of women: 54.9%), 33.4% have the Matura (proportion of women: 49.9%) and 32.2% have an apprenticeship or vocational secondary school completed (proportion of women: 48.1%). 18.6% of the over-six year olds have only completed compulsory schooling (proportion of women: 56.7%), while 6.2% have no qualifications or are still in training (proportion of women: 51.3%).

Origin and language

According to the census of October 9, 2011, 87.5% of the population of Mezzolombardo are Italian citizens. 9.1% come from other European countries, while 3.4% came from non-European countries. A mixed dialect of Venetian and Lombard influences is spoken by the majority of the population in Mezzolombardo, as in the rest of the Adige Valley in Trentino . Among the newcomers, Albanian , Romanian and Maghrebian Arabic are the most common colloquial languages. Otherwise, standard Italian is the common lingua franca.

politics

If one looks at the last election results, the majority of the electorate in Mezzolombardo seems to be very changeable. In fact, this only applies to elections at national and European level, where the majority of voters usually seem to be following the trend that is currently prevailing across the country. It happened, for example, that in the 2009 European elections Berlusconi's PdL was still able to win by far the most votes, only to crash completely in favor of the PD in the same 2014 elections . It was similar in the 2013 general election, when the electorate was evenly split between the three strongest parties, in line with the national trend. Only the unusually high percentage for Mario Monti's Scelta Civica did not reflect the actual conditions at the national level. At the regional and local level, on the other hand, conservative citizen lists are generally favored by numerous voters and can rely on a solid base of voters. This trend was only broken in the local elections in 2009, when a center-left alliance around the former mayor Anna Maria Helfer was able to prevail over the traditional lists of citizens. In the 2015 local elections, the local political balance of power returned to the usual distribution of seats with a broad, conservative majority in the local council.

Local elections 2015 (turnout: 67.5%) Political party be right Seats Civica Rotaliana 601 (19.0%) 4th Civica di Mezzo 551 (17.5%) 4th Civica Mezzolombardo 550 (14.4%) 3 PD 434 (13.8%) 1 (+1) Uniti per Mezzolombardo 257 (8.1%) 1 PATT 225 (7.1%) 1 Mezzolombardo, partecipa! 212 (6.7%) 1 UPT 163 (5.2%) 0 (+1)

2014 European elections (turnout: 52%) Political party be right PD 1,040 (39.34%) MoVimento 5 place 471 (17.82%) Forza Italia 331 (12.52%) Lega Nord 242 (9.15%) SVP 228 (8.62%)

Regional elections 2013 (turnout: 61%) Political party be right Civica Trentina 747 (26.12%) PD 427 (14.93%) PATT 351 (12.27%) Progetto Trentino 350 (12.24%) UPT 241 (8.43%) MoVimento 5 place 147 (5.14%)

Parliamentary elections 2013 (turnout: 80%) Political party be right MoVimento 5 place 880 (22.66%) PD 814 (20.96%) PdL 777 (20.01%) Scelta Civica 669 (17.23%) Lega Nord 270 (6.97%) SVP 153 (3.94%)

administration

The municipal council ( Consiglio comunale ) as the highest body of the municipality currently has 18 seats (one of which is reserved for the mayor) and is usually directly elected every five years. On May 11, 2015, Christian Girardi was elected as the new mayor of the municipality as a candidate from the conservative citizen lists. For the election he had to run against two opposing candidates who were socially part of a more conservative and a more liberal center-left alliance. With a turnout of 67.5 percent, 54.1 percent or 1,888 voters immediately voted for him. He replaced Anna Maria Helfer, who was able to prevail in the 2009 election with a lead of 11 votes (50.18%) in the runoff against Francesco Betalli.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the municipality of Mezzolombardo shows two diagonally crossing gold keys on a blue background, which are decorated in the middle between their upper ends with a five-pointed antique crown. The inscription MSP can be read in white capital letters above the symbols . The coat of arms is crowned by a wall crown , as is typical for most of the Italian municipal coats of arms .

The two keys are a stylization of the Petri key , to which the old church on the hill of San Pietro is dedicated. The ancient decorative crown between the keys stands for the age and the history of the municipality, while the inscription is based on the medieval name of the municipality Mezo San Pietro (or Latin Medium Sancti Petrii ). The gray wall crown serves only as a heraldic point out that it is a municipality ( Comune acts) and not a city.

Infrastructure

traffic

Mezzolombardo is located off the Brenner State Road , but was of importance in terms of traffic until the completion of the SP235 expressway as a passage into the Val di Non.

Road traffic

The national road 43 runs through Mezzolombardo from the southeast to the north and is the former main connection between Etsch and Non Valley. Today the Trento coming, some four-lane highway SP235 gives way on the 2008 opened La Rupe tunnel (3.7 km long) the Section between Mezzolombardo and San Michele all'Adige and only joins the SS43 north of the Rochetta-Talenge. Before that, the transit route to the Non Valley ran right through the town, which had a negative impact on the air quality and quality of life in Mezzolombardo.

There are a total of three road bridges over the Nonsbach: one in the northeast along an old connecting road to Mezzocorona, one in the south along the access road to the SP235 to Trento, and the one to the east along the SS43 to San Michele all'Adige, via which the train station from Mezzocorona can be reached.

Rail transport

Mezzolombardo station is located on the single- track Trento – Marilleva railway line , on which trains run on a narrow-gauge railway between 6 a.m. and 9 p.m. on weekdays, mostly every hour . Until 1993 there was a large station area 500 m south of it, which had been opened in 1906, which served as a terminal station for the standard-gauge line to the Mezzocorona station and as a connection to the Brennerbahn until 1964 . Today, isolated track relics and a small shed remind of the former existence of the connection, while the station area has been converted into green areas, playgrounds and sports facilities.

Local public transport

Four bus lines operated by the public operator Trentino Transporti run through Mezzolombardo and allow a transfer-free journey to Trento, Cles , Molveno , Ton and Roverè della Luna . The most important junction for local public transport is the Mezzolombardo station, where there are regular connections between various bus lines and the narrow-gauge railway.

care

Since January 1, 1998, the public stock corporation AIR , based in Mezzolombardo, whose shares are held by the eight communities of the Rotaliana-Königsberg valley community, has been responsible for maintaining the infrastructure for drinking water and electricity supply as well as the sewerage system. Until August 1, 2015, the gas supply was also part of her area of ​​responsibility, but this branch has been transferred to Dolomiti Reti , based in Trento. The water sources tapped in the municipality of Mezzolombardo are used exclusively for irrigation, while the drinking water supplied to households is taken from the mountain spring Acqua Santa (municipality of Spormaggiore). Power is supplied via the on-site substation in Via Trento , whose needs are covered by in-house hydropower plants and photovoltaic systems, whereby electricity can be purchased from the state network in the event of bottlenecks. The wastewater, on the other hand, is cleaned at the Mezzocorona sewage treatment plant.

The 7,000 inhabitants of Mezzolombardo currently (as of August 30, 2015) have 8 general practitioners, a pediatrician and a pharmacy at their disposal. Until 2010 there was also a hospital on site, which had the valley communities Rotaliana-Königsberg and Paganella as its catchment area, before it was classified as in danger of collapse on January 26th and evacuated immediately. A year later it was finally demolished without any concrete plans for a new building at the time. In spring 2013, funds totaling 28 million euros were finally approved for a new building and the plans for the same were presented in the autumn of the same year. This development, perceived by the population as slow, was also one of the central election campaign topics of the conservative citizens' lists, which were able to record a landslide victory in the subsequent municipal council elections.

Waste management

Around 100 containers are available at 26 public collection points for the collection of packaging made of glass, metal, paper and plastic. Organic and residual waste is collected in garbage bags in every household and picked up every two weeks, organic waste on a weekly basis. The acceptance of bulky waste and the disposal of problematic materials is handled by the recycling center located at the southern end of the residential area of ​​the municipality.

education

In Mezzolombardo there is a public kindergarten, a primary school and a middle school , which have their own municipality as their catchment area. In addition, the Istituto di Istruzione Martino Martini , which also has the neighboring communities as a catchment area, offers the possibility of high school education in the fields of "Classical Sciences", "Applied Sciences" and "Humanistic Sciences", as well as technical or vocational training economic subject. A public library opposite the primary school building complements the educational offer.

economy

Business location Mezzolombardo

The municipality of Mezzolombardo advertises itself primarily as a wine-growing place and sees the autochthonous Teroldego Rotaliano grape variety as its most important economic flagship. In fact, viticulture is the most constant and historical branch of the community, while customs, handicrafts, silkworm farming and metal processing, for example, experienced a drastic decline after intense periods of prosperity. Since the 1990s, Mezzolombardo tried to establish itself as an industrial location with the La Rupe industrial park. After a few years of recession, La Rupe has become more attractive for companies again for several months thanks to its favorable traffic situation thanks to comparatively low property prices and commercial tax breaks from the province.

labour market

As of October 9, 2011, a total of 3,286 people who were able to work were resident in the municipality, with an unemployment rate of 6.6% and a youth unemployment rate of 24.12%. A little more than half of the employees have to commute to work in another municipality. It is noteworthy that in the course of the last census, more than a quarter of all employees (873 people) did not want to provide more precise information about the type of employment. Apart from that, according to the census, the industrial sector dominated with 767 employees (24.99%) as well as trade and hospitality with 683 employees (22.25%). Only 319 employees (10.39%) reported working in the service sector, 236 employees (7.69%) in agriculture and finally 191 employees (6.22%) in the areas of communication and logistics.

Culture and sights

See also:  List of listed objects in Mezzolombardo

Sports

The Bruno de Varda stadium

Sports facilities

A large part of the sports facilities is concentrated on the northern exit of the town. In addition to the Centro Sportivo Bruno de Varda , an athletics stadium with a circular running track and floodlight system, there is also the old municipal sports hall, a tennis facility with three sand courts and an indoor hall, a rugby field and a bocce court. The Bruno de Varda Stadium is the home of the fifth division ASD Rotaliana and was officially opened in October 2003 with a friendly against Chievo Verona. It currently offers 320 covered seats, with additional uncovered seats can be installed if necessary.

Web links

Commons : Mezzolombardo  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
2. ^ Dizionario di toponomastica. Storia e significato dei nomi geografici italiani, (2010) UDET, page 464
3. ↑ Geological mapping on a scale of 1: 10,000 - Sheet 043: Mezzolombardo. Retrieved December 22, 2014 . 
4. ↑ Explanations of the geological map of Italy - sheet 043: Mezzolombardo. (PDF) Retrieved December 22, 2014 . 
5. ↑ ^{a b} Paolo della Torre: Mezzolombardo. Per sfogliare alcune pagine del suo passato . Mori 2009, p. 46-49 .
6. ↑ Le Canevarie a Mezzolombardo. Retrieved December 21, 2014 . 
7. ↑ Riserve Naturali Provinciali - 36. La Rupe. Retrieved August 23, 2015 . 
8. ↑ Biotopo La Rupe - entry by the European Environment Agency. Retrieved August 23, 2015 . 
9. ↑ Mean maximum and minimum temperatures; Maximum and minimum temperatures - extreme values; Monthly and yearly mean values ​​of the temperature. (PDF links) Mezzolombardo weather station. Civil defense of the autonomous province of Trento, accessed on December 23, 2014 (Italian). 
10. ↑ monthly and annual rainfall; Number of monthly and annual precipitation days. (PDF links) Mezzolombardo (Convento) weather station. Civil defense of the autonomous province of Trento, accessed on December 23, 2014 (Italian). 
11. ^ Bernardino Bagolini, Remo Carli, Alessandro Ferrari, Antonio Messori, Tullio Pasquali, Andrea Pessina: Il sepolcreto eneolitico del Dos della Forca (Mezzocorona - Trento). In: Preistoria Alpina, 25 . Trento 1991, p. 121-164 .
12. ↑ Paolo della Torre: Mezzolombardo. Per sfogliare alcune pagine del suo passato . Mori 2009, p. 13-14 .
13. ^ Rame e Bronzo: I riti funerari. Retrieved January 2, 2015 . 
14. ^ Franco Nicolis: Northern Italy. In: The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age . Oxford 2013, p. 692-705 .
15. ↑ Franco Nicolis, Michele Basetti, Walter Ferrari: Dinamiche naturali e sapere empirico. Analisi tecnico-costruttiva delle strutture dell'età del Ferro di Mezzolombardo - la Rupe (Trento). In: Antichi popoli delle Alpi. Sviluppi culturali durante l'età del Ferro nei territori alpini centro-orientali . Sanzeno 2010, p. 39-71 .
16. ↑ St. Peter's Church. Retrieved February 27, 2015 . 
17. ↑ The Giontech excavation site. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 26, 2015 ; accessed on February 27, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
18. ↑ ^{a b c d} Paolo della Torre: Mezzolombardo. Per sfogliare alcune pagine del suo passato . Mori 2009, p. 77-87 .
19. ^ Piana Rotaliana-Königsberg: The Middle Ages. Retrieved February 25, 2015 . 
20. ^ Guerra rustica 1525. Retrieved March 6, 2015 . 
21. ↑ Paolo della Torre: Mezzolombardo. Per sfogliare alcune pagine del suo passato . Mori 2009, p. 127-128 .
22. ↑ Paolo della Torre: Mezzolombardo. Per sfogliare alcune pagine del suo passato . Mori 2009, p. 89-91 .
23. ↑ Paolo della Torre: Mezzolombardo. Per sfogliare alcune pagine del suo passato . Mori 2009, p. 157-171 .
24. ↑ Paolo della Torre: Mezzolombardo. Per sfogliare alcune pagine del suo passato . Mori 2009, p. 112-123 .
25. ↑ Paolo della Torre: Mezzolombardo. Per sfogliare alcune pagine del suo passato . Mori 2009, p. 131-134 .
26. ↑ Paolo della Torre: Mezzolombardo. Per sfogliare alcune pagine del suo passato . Mori 2009, p. 134-136 .
27. ↑ Paolo della Torre: Il corpo dei Vigili del fuoco di Mezzolombardo . Trento 2007, p. 23-29 .
28. ↑ Paolo della Torre: Gelsi, bachi da seta, bozzoli e filande a Mezzolombardo . Mezzolombardo 2006, p. 34 .
29. ↑ Alberto Folgheraiter: Un Popolo, due patrie . Trento 2015, p. 14 .
30. ↑ Sobrenomes Trentino. Retrieved December 16, 2015 . 
31. ^ Paolo della Torre: Francesco Giuseppe e la sua visita a Mezzolombardo . Trento 2005, p. 24 .
32. ^ Società d'abbellimento di Mezzolombardo (ed.): Guide to Mezzolombardo and the surrounding area . Trento 1906, p. 38 .
33. ^ Election results of the 2015 local elections . Website of the Electoral Commission of the Autonomous Province of Trento. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
34. ↑ European Parliament election results ( Memento of the original from January 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Website of the test newspaper La Stampa . Retrieved June 23, 2015.
35. ↑ Regional election results . Website of the Electoral Commission of the Autonomous Province of Trento. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
36. ↑ Election results parliamentary elections ( Memento of the original from January 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Website of the test newspaper La Stampa . Retrieved June 23, 2015.
37. ^ Election results of the 2015 local elections . Website of the Electoral Commission of the Autonomous Province of Trento. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
38. ↑ Summary of the results of the local elections in Mezzolombardo from 2009 . Election archive of the Autonomous Region of Trentino-South Tyrol. Retrieved June 24, 2015.
39. ^ Description of the coat of arms in Italian . Retrieved June 25, 2015.
40. ↑ possiamo respirare, con metà finestra aperta. Retrieved August 28, 2015 . 
41. ↑ AIR SpA website. Accessed August 29, 2015 . 
42. ↑ Environmental report of the municipality of Mezzolombardo 2014, p. 12. (PDF links) Municipality of Mezzolombardo, accessed on August 29, 2015 (Italian). 
43. ↑ Environmental Report of AIR SpA 2013, p. 10. (PDF links) (No longer available online.) AIR SpA, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved August 29, 2015 (Italian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
44. ↑ Environmental report of AIR SpA 2013, pp. 33–35. (PDF links) (No longer available online.) AIR SpA, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved August 29, 2015 (Italian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
45. ↑ Data sheet on the Mezzocorona sewage treatment plant. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 19, 2015 ; accessed on August 29, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
46. ^ Family doctor selection for Mezzolombardo on the portal of the public sanitary service of the Province of Trento. Retrieved August 30, 2015 . 
47. ^ Pediatrician selection for Mezzolombardo on the portal of the Public Sanitary Service of the Province of Trento. Retrieved August 30, 2015 . 
48. ^ Pharmacy list on the community website . Retrieved August 30, 2015 . 
49. ↑ Ospedale a Mezzolombardo: evacuato, strutture insicure. Retrieved August 30, 2015 . 
50. ↑ Video recording of the demolition work. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on August 30, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
51. ↑ Aggiudicato l'appalto per l'Ospedale San Giovanni di Mezzo Lombardo. Retrieved August 30, 2015 . 
52. ↑ Non più sudditi di Trento. Ospedale San Giovanni. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on August 30, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
53. ↑ Distribution map of the public collection points in Mezzolombardo. (PDF) Retrieved August 30, 2015 . 
54. ^ Invitation to Mezzolombardo, pp. 21–22. (PDF links) Municipality of Mezzolombardo, accessed on August 30, 2015 (Italian). 
55. ^ Seppi Spa: da Caldaro emigra in Trentino. Retrieved August 30, 2015 . 
56. ↑ Disappearing Industry. Retrieved August 30, 2015 . 
57. ^ Il De Varda è piano di magagne. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 17, 2015 ; accessed on November 17, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.