Vallarsa

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Vallarsa
coat of arms
Vallarsa (Italy)
Vallarsa
Country Italy
region Trentino-South Tyrol
province Trento  (TN)
Coordinates 45 ° 47 '  N , 11 ° 7'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 47 '0 "  N , 11 ° 7' 0"  E
height 724  m slm
surface 78 km²
Residents 1,365 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 18 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 38060
prefix 0464
ISTAT number 022210
Popular name vallarseri
Website www.comune.vallarsa.tn.it

Vallarsa (German obsolete Brandtal ) is a municipality (comune) in the province of Trento in the Italian region of Trentino-Alto Adige with 1,365 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019).

geography

The municipality is located about 32 kilometers south-south-west of Trento in the valley of the same name, which is traversed by the Torrente Leno (Leno stream) in a north-west direction and flows into the Adige near Rovereto . Vallarsa is a scattered community with many small fractions that are widely scattered along the valley on both sides of the valley. The municipality is located in the Raossi district on the orographic left side of the valley at 724  m slm. In the southeast, the municipality borders directly on the Veneto region .

history

The historically documented first settlement took place in the first half of the 13th century by German-speaking settlers. These founded farms. The population also lived from work in the mines that belonged to the bishops of Trento and from the coal burning . In the 15th century the territory was incorporated into the Republic of Venice . The men of the valley had a reputation for being good mercenaries and were therefore hired as such. Loyalty to Venice was punished by Milan , which was enemies with Venice, with the desolation of the valley (16th century). The area was also ravaged by the plague in 1512 and 1630.

In 1525 the valley came to Tyrol ; this remained so until the end of the First World War , when it was slammed with the Trentino and South Tyrol to Italy. In 1823 an important road was built through the valley, which connects the provinces of Trentino and Vicenza over the Pian delle Fugazze pass .

Due to the fact that since the third Italian War of Independence in 1866 the border between the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Kingdom of Italy ran over the above-mentioned pass, the valley also began to gain military importance, so that Austria-Hungary started building two Barriers in the valley planned to prevent an Italian intrusion towards Rovereto and the Adige Valley . For financial reasons, only the Valmorbia work (called Forte Pozzacchio in Italian) on the orographic right side of the valley above the town of the same name was finally started, but ultimately remained unfinished, while the work planned on the opposite side of the valley near Matassone did not survive came out an infantry base.

After the Italian declaration of war on Austria-Hungary on May 23, 1915, the population was partly resettled to Austria ( Mitterndorf an der Fischa ) and partly to Italy. During the Austrian spring offensive in 1916 (and the subsequent Italian counter-offensive in June / July 1916), heavy fighting broke out in the valley and on the surrounding mountains ( Monte Pasubio , Monte Zugna, Passo Buole and Corno Battisti).

After the war, those who returned found houses that had been shot and burned down. The industrialization around the city of Rovereto in the following period caused further rural exodus, so that the population in 2010 (1355 people) was far lower than a century earlier.

The place Angobeni (Long Plain) in Vallarsa

Administrative division

The municipality of Vallarsa includes 35 fractions : Albaredo, Angobeni, Arlanch, Aste, Bruni, Busa, Bastianello, Camposilvano, Costa, Cumerlotti, Cuneghi, Dosso, Fontana, Foppiano, Foxi, Lombardi, Matassone, Nave, Obra, Ometto, Parrocchia, Piano , Pezzati, Raossi (town hall), Riva, Robolli, Sant'Anna, Sega, Sich, Sottoriva, Speccheri, Staineri, Valmorbia, Zanolli, Zocchio and 19 hamlets or scattered houses ( Italian Località ): Brozzi, Canova, Corte, Creneba, Geche, Martini, Maso Tomaselli, Molaighe, Molino, Passo Pian delle Fugazze, Perucca, Piazza, Poiani, Prache, Prugnele, Roipi, Streva, Tezze, Zendri.

Surname

The German name Brandtal is synonymous with the Italian Vallarsa (Valle = valley, arsa = burned); However, “arsa” can also have another Latin root. Exactly what the word “brand” refers to can no longer be clearly explained today. One is inclined to associate it with the coal distillery already mentioned.

language

Belonging to Tyrol is likely to have favored the preservation of the German (so-called Cimbrian ) dialect. The decline of German took place in the first half of the 19th century, at the end of which it was quite mixed with Italian vocabulary. Since then one speaks Italian or the local Trentino dialect.

German roots can still be found in place names such as Angobeni (long plain), Staineri (Steiner), Foxi (fox), Obra (Oberau), Streva (streu).

Community partnerships

Sons and daughters of the church

literature

  • Bernhard Wurzer: The German language islands in Northern Italy ; Athesia; Bolzano 1998.
  • Remo Bussolon: La storia della Vallarsa . In: La voce della Vallarsa (Parish Gazette), 1968.
  • Remo Bussolon, Aldina Martini: La Vallarsa attraverso la storia: Dalle origini alla Prima Guerra Mondiale . La Grafica, Mori 2007.
  • H. u. M. Hornung: German language islands from Old Austria , Vienna 1986.
  • Nicola Fontana: Valmorbiawerk, la fortezza incompiuta in: Museo Storico Italiano della Guerra (ed.): Annali N. 12/13 , Edizione Osiride, Rovereto 2006.
  • Alessandro Massignani: La Vallarsa e la Grande Guerra (1914-1918). Immagini e documenti , Arti Grafiche Sergio Longo, Rovereto 1998.

Web links

Commons : Vallarsa  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ↑ Nicola Fontana: Valmorbiawerk, la fortezza incompiuta in: Museo Storico Italiano della Guerra (ed.): Annali N. 12/13 , Edizione Osiride, Rovereto 2006, p. 32f.
  3. ↑ Alessandro Massignani: La Vallarsa e la Grande Guerra (1914-1918). Immagini e documenti , Arti Grafiche Sergio Longo, Rovereto 1998, p. 17f.
  4. ↑ Municipal statute in Italian (PDF; 152 kB), accessed on February 23, 2018.

photos

  • From the Valmorbia plant with the Carega group in the background
  • Camposilvano with the Carega group
  • The upper valley area with a view to the west