November storm in the Alpine region in 1966

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Storm in the Alpine region November 1966
storm Storm with heavy rain
General weather situation Deep in the British Isles  (ZAMG TB) with trough over the Alps and foehn storm
Data
Beginning November 3rd
The End November 5th
Precipitation / 24h 232 mm ( Lienz / Tyrol, 3.11. )
Precipitation / 48h 298 mm ( Reisach iG , third-04.11. )
tips gusts 120 km / h ( Sonnblick , 5.11. )
Annuality (total) 100 (precipitation)
consequences
affected areas Eastern Alps
Millennium floods in Florence

The storm in November 1966 caused severe forest damage and floods in the Alpine region .

Meteorological situation

A low in the British Isles had steered a trough towards Italy. The weather situation led to heavy precipitation in the northern damming of the Alps , which also hit the main Alpine ridge . This turned into snow on November 3rd in the higher altitudes of the Central Alps . On November 4th, the foehn set in , with snowmelt up to altitudes of 2500 m above sea level. On the night of November 4th, a violent storm occurred, which was accompanied by thunderstorm discharges ( winter thunderstorms ). This foehn storm reached hurricane strengths in the east of the Alps and at high altitudes and lasted intensively until November 7th - the low had hit the Portuguese coast - and with excessive temperatures until November 11th.

As part of the event, there was also a particularly severe flood in Italy and particularly in Florence .

consequences

Western Austria

The region of Salzburg - East Tyrol - Upper Carinthia - Karawanken was particularly affected by heavy rain. Here - after August / September 1965 and August 1966 - the third flood disaster occurred in just 16 months.

In Lienz , 232 l / m² (mm) fell within 24 hours  , in the Flattach area around 190 l / m², and in Rauris on the north side of the Alps, the maximum 24-hour total daily precipitation was recorded at 94 l / m². In Reisach im Gailtal the 2-day total (3rd / 4th) was 298 l / m², in Lienz 258 l / m², which is a good quarter of the total annual average. In Möllgebiet there was extensive damage caused by landslides , as in Carinthia. On November 4th, the city of Salzburg was also flooded. The largest known flow rates so far occurred on November 4th at the Lieser ( Gmünd 190 m³ / s), the Weißenbach ( Gassen 69 m³ / s), the Gail ( Mauthen 500 m³ / s, Rattendorf 850 m³ / s, Nötsch 700 m³ / s, Federaun 850 m³ / s) and Gailitz ( Thörl 370 m³ / s).
On November 5th, however, the foehn at the Sonnblick observatory measured 90 km / h, peak gusts of up to 120 km / h, and air temperatures of up to + 21 ° in Salzburg.

This precipitation is assessed with an annual rate of around 100 .

Eastern Austria

Here hurricane-like storms on November 3rd and 4th led to devastating wind throws throughout southern Lower Austria and Upper Styria , especially in the area around Mariazell and in the Salzatal . In Vienna the temperatures rose to + 15 ° by November 5th.

Overall, the storm wood is estimated to be over 600,000 solid cubic meters, and the total damage - due to the previous snowmelt and the unstable trees in the softened soil, such as the subsequent bark beetle damage - to over 1.3 million solid cubic meters. In Styria in 1967 the total was 1.17 million cubic meters, in the Scheibbs district 160,000  solid cubic meters of windwood fell, which is not enough for the Austria-wide events Paula / Emma  2008, Vivian / Wiebke  1990, Kyrill  2007 and Capella  1976 and the Föhn Released in 2002 , but locally one of the most severe forest damage in the Second Republic.

aftermath

The most important aftermath was the creation of the Disaster Fund (Disaster Fund Act 1966) .

This storm is also considered to be a turning point in Austrian forestry work in the direction of mechanization, as far as the construction of forest roads and the use of modern forest tractors is concerned. In 1967 the Federal Forests acquired 26 Swedish articulated tractors with rope winches. The forest accidents - the forest administrations Gußwerk , Wegscheid and Wildalpen, for example, had four times the normal number of workers for processing damaged wood - could thus be kept low compared to previous events. EDP ​​also found its way into forestry after 1966.

literature

  • A. Kravogel, E. Wurzer: The flood damage 1966 in the disaster areas. In: Österr. Water management. 19 / 3-4, 1967, pp. 41-45.
  • Karl Leitner (guest editor): Allgemeine Forstzeitung. 1968, episode 7 (special issue on coping with the major damage 1966/67).
  • CF Peturnig (ed.), Et al .: Flood in Carinthia. Special edition of the Kärntner Landeszeitung. Klagenfurt 1969 ( interpraevent.at PDF, only upon registration) - on the events of 1965 and 1966.
  • H. Schreiber, H. Zettl: Hydrographic characteristics of the flood disasters in August and November 1966 in Austria. Werk oA 19 / 3–4, 1967, pp. 46–55.
  • H. Tröschl: The recent precipitation and flood disaster in the Austrian Southern Alps from September 3rd to 5th, 1966. In: Weather and Life. No. 19, 1, 1967.
  • Hans Troschl: Die Hochwasserwetterlagen 1965 and 1966 , Interprävent conference report, 1967, pp. 18–24 ( PDF on interpraevent.at , only upon registration).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ingeborg Auer, Reinhard Böhm, Eva Korus (Zamg), Herwig Proske (Joanneum Research): Extreme events in the communities of Flattach and Rauris . Target agreement 18 for the 2nd interim report. ZV 18. Vienna / Graz July 2007 ( zamg.ac.at [PDF]). Anita Jurković, Ingeborg Auer, Reinhard Böhm: Extreme events - evaluation of daily climate data from the communities of Flattach and Rauris . Report on target agreement 2008/30. Additions to report: Extreme events in the municipalities of Flattach and Rauris (ZV 18). Ed .: Zamg. ZV 30. Vienna December 2007 ( zamg.ac.at [PDF]).
  2. ↑ a b 24-hour daily total precipitation: Jurković, Auer, Böhm: Extreme events . Additions. 2007, p. 5 . ; the 5-d daily precipitation total was one hundred years at the August event. ibid., p. 9.
  3. ↑ a b c d e Gösta H. Liljequist, Konrad Cehak: Allgemeine Meteorologie . 3. Edition. Gabler Wissenschaftsverlage, 2006, ISBN 3-540-41565-3 , 23.4. Foehn in the Alps (November 6-7, 1966). Picture 23-10, p. 326 , col. 2 ( limited preview in the Google book search - example description of a hair dryer position).
  4. ↑ On the rollover into the Southern Alps, especially Hans Steinhäußer: Flood weather conditions and their orographic influence in the Eastern Alps . Lecture Tuesday, October 17, 1967, Int. Symp. Interpraevent. S. 50–52 ( interpraevent.at [PDF; accessed on May 1, 2012]).
  5. ↑ a b c Michael Moser: Analysis of the formation of cracks during the flood disasters of 1965 and 1966 in the middle Lesach Valley (Carinthia) . In: Carinthia II . 163./83. Vintage. Klagenfurt 1973, The flood weather conditions 1965 and 1966 , p. 179-234 , pp. 185 f. PDF, p. 7 f. ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  6. ↑ a b Entry 3.-4. November 1966 in: Selection of significant weather and climate events. In: wetter.news.at. Archived from the original on June 1, 2008 ; Retrieved May 1, 2012 .
  7. ↑ cf. various literature and sources for this article; and:
    The flood catastrophe in September 1965. ( Memento from January 18, 2015 in the web archive archive.today ) defereggental.eu
  8. ↑ Overall, the summer 1966 was by far the wettest in the Alps in the last 150 years. See Austria climate series for the year 1768–2013 : Diagram of summer precipitation 1854–2013 Inneralpin region . In: ZAMG: Histalp Austria Summer Report 2014 (PDF, zamg.ac.at);
    cf. various literature and sources on this article; as well as:
    Sieghard Morawetz: Some geomorphological observations during and after the August flood in 1966 in the Drautal between Mauthbrücken and Villach. In: Carinthia. 156, 1976, pp. 7-12 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  9. ↑ See also Robert Buchacher, Laura Bronner, Irene Öhman (collaborators): Climate. Thunderstorms, hail and storms: do the extreme events pile up? In: profile online. July 19, 2008, accessed April 30, 2012 .
  10. ↑ Auer, Böhm, Korus, Proske: Extreme events . 2007, p. 6 .
  11. ^ A b Auer, Böhm, Korus, Proske: Extreme events . 2007, p. 15 .
  12. ↑ Moser: Analysis of the formation of the first part of the flood disasters of 1965 and 1966 in the middle Lesach Valley (Carinthia). 1973, Table 1: Characteristic amounts of precipitation during the flood disasters in 1965 and 1966 in the Austrian Southern Alps (based on: Hydrographic Service in Austria). , S. 185 (mean annual total 1901–1950: Lienz 960 mm - the floods of August had already brought 232 mm in three days from 15–18 August).
  13. ↑ a b Autumn disasters 1965 and 1966 , BMLFUW IV / 5, naturgefahren.at, December 11, 2012.
  14. ↑ in particular N. Anderle: On the question of the hydrogeological and pedological causes of the landslides and mudslides triggered in Carinthia during the flood disasters in 1965 and 1966. Int. Symp. Interpraevent 1971. Volume 1 . Villach 1971, p. 11-21 .
  15. ↑ Ferdinand Tschada: Hydrological findings in the East Tyrolean and Carinthian Drau region, especially with regard to floods . Lecture Tuesday, October 17, 1967, Int. Symp. Interpraevent. In: Office of the Carinthian State Government, Dept. Planning (Ed.): Schr. R. f. Space research u. Spatial planning . No. 11 , 1971, Table The Greatest Known Flows , p. 45–50 , Tab. 48, PDF, p. 4 ( interpraevent.at [PDF; accessed on May 1, 2012]).
  16. ↑ a b c d Peter Weinfurter: Chronicle 1925–2005. 80 Years of Federal Forests - History of the Austrian Federal Forests . Ed .: Österreichische Bundesforste AG. 6.2.5 Large amounts of damaged wood accelerate modernization , p. 35 ( bundesforste.at [PDF] without the year).
  17. ↑ a b compare. Damage to wood caused by wind throws and bark beetles 1966–2007 . Graphics, derStandard, May 30, 2008 (PDF; 19 kB) - but lower numerical values ​​there
  18. ↑ Table of the largest windfall damage in Styria. In: Rosemarie Wilhelm: Storm disaster: Crisis plan "Operation Paula" is. (No longer available online.) In: stmk.agrarnet.info / Steiermark / News. Chamber of Agriculture Styria, February 6, 2008, formerly in the original ; Retrieved April 30, 2012 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / stmk.agrarnet.info  
  19. ↑ November 3–5, 1966 In: Göstling 1966. (PDF; 1.6 MB) In: Chronik. Göstling community, accessed on April 29, 2012 .