Lew Borissowitsch Kafenhaus

Lev Borisovich Kafenhaus (also Leon Borisovich Kafenhaus ; Russian Лев Борисович Кафенгауз and Леон Борисович Кафенгауз ; born October 29 ^{. Jul} / 10. November  1885 ^greg. In Proskurov ; † 4. July 1940 in Moscow ) was a Russian economist , politician and university lecturer .

Life

Kafenhaus came from a Jewish family. He attended the 10th Moscow High School (graduated in 1905), then studied in the Department of Economics of the Law Faculty of Moscow University (MGU)

In 1904, Kafenhaus joined a Marxist student association. During the Russian Revolution 1905-1906 he was a propagandist for a Moscow Bolshevik organization. He took part in the December uprising in Moscow, was arrested and, after his release in 1906, remained under police supervision. He joined the Mensheviks in 1906 and joined the editorial staff of the Vlast Naroda (People's Power) newspaper .

After graduating in 1910, Kafenhaus stayed at the university to prepare for a professorship . In March 1911, in connection with student unrest, he was expelled from the university on the instructions of the new Education Minister Léon Casso . Casso had intervened in the autonomy rights of the MGU with regard to the appointment of professors , whereupon the rector and leading professors resigned ( Casso affair ). Kafenhaus then worked in the statistics department of the Moscow city administration, where he was involved in the compilation of the 1913 statistical anthology for the city of Moscow. He also worked at the Moscow Trade Institute , where he conducted an internship on industrial history , and he wrote for the Russkije vedomosti .

After the February Revolution of 1917 , Kafenhaus was elected to the Moscow City Duma on the Menshevik list . He became Deputy Minister for Trade and Industry in Petrograd and was part of the Provisional Government .

After the October Revolution , Kafenhaus left the Menshevik organization. He criticized the October Revolution and Lenin's projects . He lectured at the Moscow Trade Institute and in 1919 became a professor in the MGU Department of Economics. From 1919 he worked at the Supreme Economic Council , where from 1923 he headed the statistics department.

In 1919, on behalf of the management of the Anti-Bolshevik National Center, together with Jakow Bukspan, Kafenhaus developed a program for the economic reconstruction of Russia in the event of the overthrow of Soviet power . The program envisaged the reintroduction of the private sector, privatization of industry, development of agriculture, increasing exports of finished products and decreasing exports of raw materials and investments with foreign capital under state control. In 1920 Kafenhaus was arrested by the Cheka , accused of membership in the National Center and released.

In 1921 Kafenhaus became professor of the chair for economic description of the faculty for social sciences of the MGU. In 1925 he switched to the Chair of Political Economy in the Faculty of Soviet Law at the MGU. He also worked for the Russian Association of Research Institutes for Social Sciences (RANION). 1921–1928 he published the statistical yearbook of the state industry of the USSR and from 1923 the monthly statistical bulletin of the Supreme Council for National Economy. He was chairman of the Tariff and Customs Conference of the Council of People's Commissars . In 1926 he spent half a year in Paris as an expert on the debts of the Russian Empire . Together with Vasily Yegorowitsch Warsar , he published the three-volume work on the dynamics of Russian and Soviet industry from 1887 to 1926.

In 1930 Kafenhaus was arrested in connection with the affair of the Union Office of the Mensheviks. In Butyrka prison he continued to write articles on the history of Russian industry. In August 1930 the OGPU sentenced him to three years' exile in Ufa , where he worked for the central statistical administration. In December 1932 Kafenhaus was able to return.

From 1933 Kafenhaus held lectures at the Moscow Institute for Industrial Economics . 1934–1937 he headed the Chair of Economics and Production Organization at the Moscow Institute for Steel and Alloys (MISiS), which had emerged from the Moscow Mining Academy. In the 1930s, Kafenhaus carried out studies on the production and consumption of steels and iron alloys in the USSR. From 1937 he worked in the Institute of Economics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR .

Kaufhaus younger brother was the historian Bernhard Borissowitsch Kafenhaus .

In 1987 Kafenhaus was rehabilitated.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} ЭТО МЫ (accessed November 7, 2018).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} MGU: Кафенгауз Лев Борисович (Леон) (accessed November 7, 2018).
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Большая российская энциклопедия: КАФЕНГА́УЗ Лев Борисович (accessed November 7, 2018).
4. ↑ РУССКИЕ ЕВРЕИ: ПЕРСОНАЛИИ 6. Иоффе, Меер - Копытман, Марк (accessed November 6, 2018).
5. ↑ ^{a b} Жертвы политического террора в СССР (accessed November 7, 2018).
6. ↑ Кафедра экономики и менеджмента МИСиС . Moscow 2001, p. 10-14 .