Jakow Markowitsch Bukspan

Yakov Markovich Bukspan ( Russian Яков Маркович Букшпан * April 16 ^{. Jul} / 28. April  1887 ^greg. In Łódź ; † 14. April 1939 in Kommunarka ) was a Russian economist and university lecturer .

Life

Bukspan came from a Jewish family. After visiting the second Kischinauer Young high school he studied at the economics - Faculty of the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute . In 1912 he graduated as a candidate after defending his dissertation on small industry in Russia . He continued studying in Germany , where he received his master's degree and then his doctorate .

In Germany, Bukspan met the Tatar Sara Girejewna Achmerowa, who studied in St. Petersburg in Germany after completing the Bestuschewskije kursy . Before they returned to Russia at the beginning of the First World War , they got married in Germany. Akhmersova was a practicing Muslim , so the marriage took place according to the Tatar rite and Bukspan converted to Islam .

Bukspan worked at the Chair of Political Economy of the Polytechnic Institute in Petrograd during the World War and published specialist articles in various newspapers and magazines.

After the October Revolution , Bukspan developed a program for the economic reconstruction of Russia in the event of the overthrow of Soviet power, in accordance with an order placed by Sergei Andrejewitsch Kotljarewski with the management of the Anti-Bolshevik National Center together with Lev Borissowitsch Kafenhaus . The program envisaged the reintroduction of the private sector, privatization of industry, development of agriculture, increasing exports of finished products, and reducing exports of raw materials and investments with foreign capital under state control.

After the conversion of his wife Sara to Catholicism and a religious conversation with Sergei Andrejewitsch Kotljarewski and Valerian Nikolajewitsch Muravjow with Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Berdjajew, Bukspan converted to Catholicism in 1922. His children received Catholic religious education.

In 1922, Bukspan became a professor at the Karl Marx Institute in Moscow .

Bukspan took part in the activities of the Free Academy of Spiritual Culture, led by Berdyayev, and was a member of its council. In early 1922, Bukspan and Kafenhaus took part in a meeting at which Simon Lyudwigowitsch Frank and Lev Nikolajewitsch Litoshenko presented. A report by Ivan Alexandrovich Ilyin was planned. Another participant was the OGPU employee Ilya Fyodorowitsch Reshetov , who in his report described the participants as cadets and Bukspan as a leading figure and self-declared monarchist .

Bukspan wrote an article about undefeated rationalism for the anthology Oswald Spengler und der Untergang des Abendlandes . The three other authors of the anthology were Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Berdjajew, Fedor Stepun and Simon Lyudwigowitsch Frank. Bukspan was the only author who was not expelled from the Soviet Union in 1922 . Bukspan and Frank were board members of the Bereg publishing house , which edited the anthology and gave Pawel Iwanowitsch Lebedew-Polyanski a positive assessment.

Bukspan played a key role in the briefly resurrected (Imperial) Free Economic Society in 1922, which the OGPU viewed as one of the bases of the struggle of the anti-Soviet intelligentsia against working-class power. 1920–1922 he was a research fellow at the Commission for the Study and Use of World and Civil War Experiences . In early 1926 he gave a lecture in the plenary session of the Industrial Economic Council of the Supreme Council for Economics . Nikolai Dmitrievich Kondratiev also attended the meeting , and Leon Trotsky summarized the discussion.

On August 16, 1930, Bukspan was arrested in connection with the Affair of the Workers and Peasants' Party and sentenced on May 30, 1931 by the OGPU College to 3 years in a camp under Article 58 of the RSFSR Criminal Code . On July 2, 1932, he was released early with freedom of movement in the territory of the Soviet Union . As a professor, he headed the chair for industrial economics at the Stalin Academy for the Food Industry. He was arrested again on September 15, 1938 and sentenced to death on April 13, 1939 for participating in a counter-revolutionary organization and espionage . The day after the verdict was announced, he was shot dead in Kommunarka. On March 28, 1956, he was rehabilitated by the Supreme Court of the USSR .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} В. Ф. Пустарнаков: К оценке философской позиции Я. М. Букшпана в статье "Неопреодоленный рационализм" сборника "Освальд Шпенглер и закат Европы" (accessed November 9, 2018).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Российская Еврейская Энциклопедия: БУКШПАН Яков Маркович (accessed November 9, 2018).
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Жертвы политического террора в СССР (accessed November 9, 2018).
4. ↑ Архангельская И. Д., Букшпан П. Я .: Исторический музей: люди и судьбы: Профессора-экономисты И. Х. Озеров и Я. М. Букшпан . In: Забелинские научные чтения. Вып. 87 . Moscow 1995.
5. ↑ Сборник статей итоговой научно-практической конференции (г. Казань, 24-25 июня 2012 г.) Казань-2012 (accessed November 9, 2012 ).
6. ↑ ЭТО МЫ (accessed November 7, 2018).
7. ↑ Из истории гонений Католической Церкви (accessed November 9, 2018).
8. ↑ Воспоминания Г. А. Лемана (accessed November 9, 2018).
9. ↑ Иван Лупандин: Дневники август 2009-январь 2010 (accessed November 9, 2018).
10. ↑ ^{a b} 1922 год. 2 сентября. Члены ВАДК подали документы для перерегистрации в НКВД (accessed November 9, 2018).
11. ↑ ^{a b c} Высылка вместо расстрела. Депортация интеллигенции в документах ВЧК-ГПУ. 1921-1923 . Русский путь, Moscow 2005, p. 69 .
12. ↑ Jakow Bukspan: Непреодоленный рационализм . In: Освальд Шпенглер и закат Европы . Берег ( [1] accessed November 9, 2018).