Lili green

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Elisabeth "Lili" Grün (born February 3, 1904 in Vienna , Austria-Hungary ; died June 1, 1942 in the Maly Trostinez extermination camp ) was an Austrian writer and actress .

Life

Lili Grün was born as the youngest of four daughters of the Hungarian businessman Hermann (Armin) Grün, who came from Élesd , and his wife Regina Grün, nee. Goldstein born. The father was a mustache bandage manufacturer and sold perfumery and hairdressing supplies at Arnsteingasse 33 in Reindorf , a part of today's Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus district , where the family also lived. After the elementary and community school, Lili Grün , who had meanwhile become an orphan , completed an apprenticeship as an office clerk and took acting lessons. She initially worked as a secretary.

Since the 1920s she worked in the newly founded stage of the socialist youth workers and was in contact with the writer Hugo Bettauer , whose son married her sister Grete Grün.

At the end of the 1920s, Lili Grün went to Berlin , where she belonged to the cabaret scene around Ernst Busch , Annemarie Hase and Hanns Eisler and published poems and stories. In 1931 she became a member of the political-literary cabaret collective "Die Brücke". There she recited her own poems in the evenings, and during the day she worked in a pastry shop. After a few months the cabaret had to close. The Berlin German daily newspaper had denigrated it as a “communist hate cabaret”.

Back in Vienna, she processed her experiences in Berlin in the novel Herz über Bord (1933). The Viennese press praised Grün's debut; In 1933 she was proposed for the Julius Reich Dichter Prize . The Neue Wiener Tagblatt saw a "remarkable contribution to the contemporary history of the young generation," the Vienna day praised it as a new objective novel and the Neue Freie Presse wrote that the "documentary, literary quality of this debut book (...) beyond any doubt" was. Translations into Hungarian and Italian followed.

Grün was probably still suffering from tuberculosis in Berlin and returned to Vienna to visit a lung sanatorium. After a short recovery, she fell ill again in October 1933 and could hardly work. She lived on royalties on her book and an advance payment from Zsolnay Verlag for her second book. Zsolnay Verlag carried out a fundraising campaign to finance a spa stay in Merano in spring 1935 . After stays in Prague and Paris, the novel Loni was published in the small town in 1935 . Grün's novella Anni was wrong was no longer printed. The last novel Young Office Workers Do Other Work was published in 1936 as a newspaper print in Wiener Tag .

With the annexation of Austria in March 1938, Grün as a Jewish writer suddenly no longer had the opportunity to publish. "How she kept afloat is pretty much unknown." One accepts grants, donations, advances from Zsolnay-Verlag. She was forcibly delegated several times. Impoverished and suffering from lungs, she was denied emigration abroad. In the summer of 1938 she had to leave her apartment because she was a non-Aryan . She last lived in Vienna in a mass quarter for Jews in Neutorgasse in the 1st district . On May 27, 1942, she and almost 1,000 others were deported from Vienna , and she was murdered on June 1, 1942, on the day of her arrival at the Maly Trostinez extermination camp , then the largest extermination camp in the occupied Soviet Union. She was buried in a mass grave with other victims.

She was probably shot by members of the Waffen SS. In Maly Trostinez, however, from the beginning of June 1942 3 gas trucks were used for mass killings. To cover up the traces, the murderers had the bodies excavated and burned at the end of 1943.

Greens texts

Grün wrote novels, poems and classic feature articles about her own life. Her feature sections were little laconic stories. Grün's texts appeared in Tempo , in the Berliner Tageblatt and the Prager Tagblatt . She wrote about macho men, one-night stands , the misery of the small employees. Again and again about big and small defeats on stage. She performed her poems as couplets on the Berlin cabaret stage . The Berliner Film-Kurier wrote about an appearance "wearing eroticism, very personal and very amusing".

The female figures of Grüns are emancipated new women of the 1920s. Sexual relationships with men are a matter of course. The longing for great love can be found in many passages in the text. The women greens but don't persist in liaisons that don't get them. Open conversations without taboos about "men" among girlfriends appear in the texts.

reception

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In the second district of Vienna , Lili Grün is remembered. There has been a memorial stone in Heinestraße 4 since 2007 and in the Klanggasse / Castellezgasse area, Lili-Grün-Platz was named after her in 2009.

Her work has been published by AvivA Verlag Berlin since 2009 . While searching for 20s literature by women at a flea market, the publicist Anke Heimberg found Lili Grün's Berlin cabaret novel Herz über Bord from 1933. Heimberg was now researching Grün's life and work. She found little data in biographical literary dictionaries. So she went in search of clues herself. In each of the three books published by AvivA Verlag there is a detailed afterword in which Heimberg describes the life of Lili Grün.

In 1976, Hilde Spiel wrote in the book The Contemporary Literature of Austria about Green "In extermination camps died among many others (...) Lili Grün (...), a touching girl, who with his tender novel 'Herz über Bord' for the first time in the fatal year 1933 Her life story would remain in the dark, and it would have been wiped off the ground as if it had never existed had it not been mentioned here ".

The Spiegel author Martin Doerry wrote in a review on Mädchenhimmel in 2014 that it was unclear whether Grün was a good writer, because her fate could no longer read her texts freely. The work won the Melusine Huss Prize when the independent German-language publishers were awarded the book prize ( hotlist ) in the same year.

The taz columinist Deniz Yücel emphasized that one could consider Grün's texts to be “contemporary”. Her “precise and soulful descriptions of big city life” are “told in a humorous and self-deprecating way, slightly melancholy, rather bold and very touching”. Yücel writes that Grün's work is “cooler than Mascha Kaléko , happier than Marieluise Fleißer , close to Irmgard Keun and sometimes - in the gorgeous“ dialogue with reflections ”- also to Kurt Tucholsky ”.

Appreciation

Since 2007 a stone of remembrance in Vienna, 2nd district, Heinestraße 4 has been reminding Lili Grün.

In Vienna, 2nd, the Lili-Grün-Platz (near Augarten, corner of Klanggasse, extended Heinestrasse) was inaugurated with a ceremony in the rain on May 14th, 2009. In autumn 2008, the district council supported the initiative of booksellers Andrea and Kurt Lhotzky - although the liberals voted against it.

In the Berlin district of Marzahn-Hellersdorf, a Lili-Grün-Weg was inaugurated on August 30, 2017.

On March 11, 2018, Doris Glaser broadcast the Contra - Cabaret and Cabaret series on Radio Ö1 on ORF via Lili Grün.

Works

literature

  • Katharina Achtsnith: About Indian girls and sheep. The “new woman” between reality and fiction in Lili Grün's novels “Herz über Bord”, “Loni in der Kleinstadt” and “Young office worker does other work” , diploma thesis, University of Vienna , 2014. Available online
  • Siglinde Bolbecher , Konstantin Kaiser : Lexicon of Austrian Exile Literature , 1999.
  • Eckart Früh : Lili (Elisabeth) Grün , 2005.
  • Hans Giebisch , Gustav Gugitz : Bio-Bibliographisches Literaturlexikon Austria. From the beginning to the present , 1964.
  • Corinna Prey: Life and work of the writer Lili Grün , diploma thesis, University of Vienna, 2011. Available online
  • Hilde Spiel (Ed.): The contemporary literature of Austria , 1976.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Martin Doerry: Sharp on the soul . In: Der Spiegel . No. 26 , 2014, p. 133 ( online ).
  2. ↑ Lili-Grün-Platz on the Stones of Remembrance website
  3. ↑ Almost forgotten author Lili Grün - “I'm so keen on the soul” , in: taz, January 3, 2015, p. 14, accessed on January 10, 2015
  4. ↑ Biographies> Lili Grün fembio.org, accessed March 11, 2018.
  5. ↑ Lili Grün-Platz steinedererinnerung.net, accessed March 11, 2018.
  6. ↑ Birgitt Eltzel: A street for Lili Grün lichtenbergmarzahnplus.de, August 31, 2017, accessed March 11, 2018.
  7. ↑ Doris Glaser: Paradies für die Frau In: Contra - Cabaret and Cabaret, Ö1, ORF-Radio, broadcast March 11, 2018. (7 days audible) - With contributions by Corinna Prey.
  8. ↑ Esprit and Misery . Review by Georg Renöckl, in: NZZ , October 7, 2014.
personal data
SURNAME Green, Lili
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Green, Elisabeth (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian writer and actress during the Weimar Republic
DATE OF BIRTH February 3, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH June 1, 1942
Place of death Maly Trostinec