List of Viceroys of New Spain
This is a list of the viceroys who ruled New Spain .
After his voyage of discovery, Columbus received the hereditary title of “ viceroy ” over the newly discovered “Indian” areas (las Indias) . This was true - after long legal disputes - but only for the islands discovered by Columbus himself.
The actual Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, was founded in 1535 and existed for almost three centuries.
Spanish rule before the establishment of the viceroyalty
Reign of Ferdinand II (1469–1516)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1492-1499 | Christopher Columbus , Governor and Viceroy of Las Indias |
| 1499-1502 | Francisco de Bobadilla , governor and governor |
| 1502-1508 | Nicolás de Ovando , governor and governor |
| 1508-1515 | Diego Columbus , Governor and Viceroy of Las Indias |
| 1515-1520 | three hyronimite monks take over the role of governor on an interim basis |
Reign of Charles V (1516–1556)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1520-1521 | Diego Columbus , Governor and Viceroy of Las Indias |
| 1521-1530 | Hernán Cortés , Governor General of New Spain (Mexico), (intermittently) |
Viceroys
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1530-1550 | Antonio de Mendoza (appointed 1530, arrival 1535), first viceroy of New Spain |
| 1550-1564 | Luis de Velasco |
Reign of Philip II (1556–1598)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1564-1566 | Francisco Ceinos , Dean of the Audiencia |
| 1566-1567 | Gastón de Peralta , Marquis de Falces |
| 1567-1568 | Royal Auditors Alonso de Muñoz and Luis Carrillo |
| 1568 | Francisco Ceinos, Dean of the Audiencia |
| 1568-1580 | Martín Enríquez de Almansa |
| 1580-1583 | Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza , Conde de Coruña |
| 1584-1585 | Pedro de Moya y Contreras , Archbishop of Mexico |
| 1585-1590 | Álvaro Manrique de Zuñiga , Marqués de Villamanrique |
| 1590-1595 | Luis de Velasco y Castilla , Marqués de Salinas |
| 1595-1603 | Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo , Conde de Monterrey |
Reign of Philip III. (1598-1621)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1603-1607 | Juan Manuel de Mendoza y Luna , Marqués de Montesclaros |
| 1607-1611 | Luis de Velasco y Castilla , Marqués de Salinas |
| 1611-1612 | Fray García Guerra , Archbishop of Mexico |
| 1612-1621 | Diego Fernández de Córdoba , Marquis de Guadalcázar |
Reign of Philip IV (1621–1665)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1621-1624 | Diego Carrillo de Mendoza y Pimentel , Marqués de Gelves y Conde de Priego |
| 1624-1635 | Rodrigo Pacheco y Osorio , Marquis de Cerralvo |
| 1635-1640 | Lope Díaz de Armendáriz , Marquis of Cadereyta |
| 1640-1642 | Diego López de Pacheco Cabrera y Bobadilla , Marqués de Villena y Duque de Escalona , Grande de España |
| 1642 | Juan de Palafox y Mendoza |
| 1642-1648 | García Sarmiento de Sotomayor , Conde de Salvatierra y Marqués de Sobroso |
| 1648-1649 | Marcos de Torres y Rueda |
| 1650-1653 | Luis Enríquez de Guzmán , Conde de Alba de List |
| 1653-1660 | Francisco Fernández de la Cueva , Duque de Alburquerque |
| 1660-1664 | Juan de Leyva y de la Cerda , Marqués de Leyva y de Ladrada, Conde de Baños |
| 1664 | Diego Osorio de Escobar |
| 1664-1673 | Antonio Sebastián de Toledo , Marquis de Mancera |
Reign of Charles II (1665–1700)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1673 | Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal , Duque de Veragua y Marqués de Jamaica (died after 6 days of reign) |
| 1673-1680 | Payo Enríquez de Rivera , Archbishop of Mexico |
| 1680-1686 | Tomás Antonio de la Cerda y Aragón , Conde de Paredes y Marqués de la Laguna |
| 1686-1688 | Melchor Portocarrero Lasso de la Vega , Conde de Monclova |
| 1688-1696 | Gaspar de la Cerda Sandoval Silva y Mendoza , Conde de Galve |
| 1696 | Juan Ortega y Montañés , Bishop of Michoacán, first interim term |
| 1696-1701 | José Sarmiento Valladares , Conde de Moctezuma y de Tula |
Reign of Philip V (1700–1746)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1701-1702 | Juan Ortega y Montañés, Archbishop of Mexico, second interim term |
| 1702-1710 | Francisco Fernández de la Cueva Enríquez , Duque de Alburquerque y Marqués de Cuéllar ( House La Cueva ) |
| 1710-1716 | Fernando de Alencastre Noroña y Silva , Duque de Linares |
| 1716-1722 | Baltasar de Zúñiga y Guzmán , Marqués de Valero y Duque de Arión |
| 1722-1734 | Juan de Acuña , Marquis de Casafuerte |
| 1734-1740 | Juan Antonio de Vizarrón y Eguiarreta , Archbishop of Mexico |
| 1740-1741 | Pedro de Castro y Figueroa , Duque de la Conquista y Marqués de Gracia Real |
| 1741-1742 | Pedro Malo de Villavicencio , President of the Real Audiencia of Mexico |
| 1742-1746 | Pedro Cebrián y Agustín , Conde de Fuenclara |
| 1746-1755 | Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas , Conde de Revillagigedo I |
Reign of Ferdinand VI. (1746–1759)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1755-1760 | Agustín Ahumada y Villalón , Marqués de las Amarillas |
Reign of Charles III. (1759–1788)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1760 | Francisco Cajigal de la Vega |
| 1760-1766 | Joaquín de Montserrat , Marqués de Cruillas |
| 1766-1771 | Carlos Francisco de Croix , Marquis de Croix |
| 1771-1779 | Antonio María de Bucareli y Ursúa |
| 1779 | Francisco Romá y Rosell , Regent of the Audiencia |
| 1779-1783 | Martin de Mayorga |
| 1783-1784 | Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo |
| 1784-1785 | Vicente de Herrera y Rivero , Regent of the Audiencia |
| 1785-1786 | Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid , Conde de Gálvez |
| 1786-1787 | Eusebio Sánchez Pareja , on behalf of the Audiencia |
| 1787 | Alonso Núñez de Haro y Peralta , Archbishop of Mexico |
| 1787-1789 | Manuel Antonio Flores |
Reign of Charles IV (1788–1808)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1789-1794 | Juan Vicente de Güemes , Conde de Revillagigedo II |
| 1794-1798 | Miguel de la Grúa Talamanca y Branciforte , Marqués de Branciforte |
| 1798-1800 | Miguel José de Azanza |
| 1800-1803 | Félix Berenguer de Marquina |
| 1803-1808 | José de Iturrigaray |
Viceroys of New Spain during the War of Independence
Reign of Ferdinand VII (1808 / 1813–1833)
| Domination | Surname |
|---|---|
| 1808-1809 | Pedro de Garibay |
| 1809-1810 | Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont , Archbishop of Mexico |
| 1810-1813 | Francisco Javier Venegas |
| 1813-1816 | Félix María Calleja del Rey |
| 1816-1821 | Juan Ruiz de Apodaca |
| 1821 | Francisco Novella |
| 1821 | Juan O'Donojú |
| Independence from Spain was declared in 1810, which resulted in a long war that led to final independence in 1821. The first head of state of independent New Spain was Agustín de Iturbide , who ruled the country as Emperor of Mexico from 1822 . | |
Web links
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