List of castles and fortifications in the lower area

The list of castles and fortifications is a directory of historical castles , castle stables , waiting areas and other fortifications in the historical Untereichsfeld in the districts of Göttingen in southeastern Lower Saxony and Eichsfeld in the extreme northwest of Thuringia .

backgrounds

The historic Untereichsfeld or the Goldene Mark is a basin landscape between the Obereichsfeld in the south, the Göttingen Bergland in the west and the Harz in the northeast. Almost the entire basin landscape was surrounded by a Landwehr and adjacent ramparts early on. The southern border formed the settlement border between the Thuringian and Saxon tribes, which was protected by a Landwehr. This border still forms the linguistic border between the Low German and Central German dialects in Eichsfeld today . To the north-east on the ridge of the Rotenberg , just outside the Eichsfeld, there was an extensive early medieval land defense against the Harz between Bilshausen and Pöhlde . Remnants of the Duderstadt Landwehr have been preserved in many places, mainly west of Duderstadt in the area of ​​the border forest.

List of fortifications

The list is sorted by fortifications from north to south.

Place / location	Surname	Type	Time of origin	Special features State of preservation	image
around Gieboldehausen	Landwehr at Gieboldehausen	Landwehr	around 1400
around Lindau (office)	Landwehr near Bilshausen and Lake Constance	Landwehr	after 1437
around Duderstadt	Duderstädter Landwehr	Landwehr	around 1400	late medieval with at least 11 waiting areas
Thuringia / Lower Saxony border between Glasehausen and Zwinge	Inner German border		1952-1990	Vehicle barrier ditch , Kolonnenweg , border towers , border crossing Worbis-Duderstadt
Language border between Glasehausen , Wintzingerode and Weißenborn-Lüderode		Landwehr		early medieval individual relics
Lindau	New Lindau Castle	Niederungsburg	1322	Mushaus
Lindau	Lindau moated castle	Moated castle	12th Century	nothing received
Lindau Langer Berg	Word or wait	Watch tower		named after the desert of Worterode, part of the Lindau Landwehr
Gieboldehausen Heimkenberg / Fastweg		Landwehr		Trenches and ramparts border between Kurmainz and Grubenhagen
Gieboldehausen	Gieboldehausen Castle	Niederungsburg	10/11 Century (on the dam)	Nothing received except only a round docking place Inventory list 1485 (with mill, brewery, armament, household appliances, livestock) today office building
Gieboldehausen	Gieboldehausen Castle	Castle-like mansion	built after 1520 (house on the wall)	two-story predecessor building with quadr. Tower in the northwest (Niederungsburg (Motte) with a moat presumed) ramparts still indicated
Gieboldehausen Vogelsburg	Knick Vogelsburg?	Village fortifications Refuge Castle?		Ramparts suggested ev. Refuge of the manor?
Höherberg	Kink			Part of the Lindau Landwehr
Höherberg	Lake Constance Control Center	Watch tower		Part of the Lindauer Landwehr excavation finds recognizable
Jump around	Old castle	Wallburg		Railings
Seeburg	Seeburg Castle	Niederungsburg?		Destroyed in 1265
Seeburg	Seeburg kink	Kink		Part of a Landwehr
Bernshausen	Castle	Refuge	from 7th / 10th century	in connection with the Curtis from 7th century with rampart and moat from 10th century with massive masonry remains of a bronze foundry
Bernshausen	Curtis Bernshausen	Farm yard or Villikationshof	from 9th century	fortified system on an island in the Seeburger See
Bernshausen	Bernshausen Castle	moth	from 12th century	Castle hill surrounded by moat with adjoining court and place of execution
Bernshausen		Village fortification	after 1200	Wall and moat
Seulingen	Seulinger Warte	Watch tower		Part of the Duderstädter Landwehr
Breitenberg	Tettelwarte	Watch tower		Part of the Duderstädter Landwehr received nothing
Duderstadt	Sulbergwarte	Watch tower		Part of the Duderstädter Landwehr
Duderstadt	City fortifications	City wall with towers, rampart	13th Century
Duderstadt	Euzenbergwarte	Watch tower		Part of the Duderstädter Landwehr Wall and Graben
Gerblingerode	Horse mountain station	Watch tower		Part of the Duderstädter Landwehr Wall and Graben
Nettles	Nesselröder waiting	Watch tower		Part of the Duderstädter Landwehr
Duderstadt	Red waiting	Watch tower		Part of the Duderstädter Landwehr
Ecklingerode	Hahnekrähwarte or Steinbielswarte	Watch tower	after 1403	1903 still recognizable as a tower part of the Duderstädter Landwehr
Performance	Teistungenburg Castle			nothing received
Wehnde in the direction of Linden- / Thomasberg	Kink			Part of the Duderstädter Landwehr
Baffles	Round moose	Rundburg?
Baffles	Wehnder waiting room or poker room	Watch tower	1430	Part of the Duderstädter Landwehr
Nettles	Duderstädter kink	Kink		Part of the Duderstädter Landwehr
Berlingerode	Hägerwarte	Watch tower		Part of a Landwehr
Neuendorf Heiligenstädter Berg		Longwall		Part of an early medieval Landwehr
Berlingerode	Westernhagen Castle	Niederungsburg	12th Century
Dog hare	Osterhagen Castle		around 1300
Wintzingerode	Count Ernst Burg	Longwall		Part of an early medieval Landwehr
Dog hare	Rag scissors			Part of an early medieval Landwehr

literature

• Paul Grimm and Wolfgang Timpel: The prehistoric and early historical fortifications of the Worbis district. In: Eichsfelder Heimathefte special edition, Worbis 1966
• Paul Grimm: To the Landwehr of the upper Eichsfeld. Study on European prehistory and early history. (Festschrift H. Jankuhn) Neumünster 1968, pp. 180–187
• Levin von Wintzingeroda-Knorr : The desert areas of the Eichsfeld: Directory of the desert areas, prehistoric ramparts, mines, courts of justice and waiting areas within the districts of Duderstadt, Heiligenstadt, Mühlhausen and Worbis. Göttingen (O. Hendel) 1903
• Ed. Helmut Jäger: Historical and regional excursion map of Lower Saxony. Sheet of Duderstadt (scale 1: 50000). Map and explanatory booklet, Hildesheim 1964
• Bernhard Otto: The medieval fortification of Duderstadt. and old country forces, curtsey and waiting. In: Heimatlese Heft 4, Verlag Mecke Duderstadt, pp. 40–45
• Josef Koch: The old castles and palaces in Gieboldehausen. In: Heimatland: illustrated home pages for the southern foothills of the Harz, the Eichsfeldes and the adjacent areas. 1/1911 (pp. 1–2) and 2/1911 (pp. 9–11)
• August von Oppermann and Carl Schuchardt: Atlas of prehistoric fortifications in Lower Saxony. Commission publisher F. Gersbach, Hanover 1888–1916

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Landwehr on the Rotenberg
2. ↑ NN: 900 years of Lake Constance. 550 years of defense and shooting. Additions to the "600-year Festschrift 1333-1933". Lake Constance 2007