Ludovico Calini

Ludovico Calini , also Lodovico Calini or Ludovico Calino (born January 9, 1696 in Calino , today to Cazzago San Martino , † December 9, 1782 in Brescia ) was an Italian clergyman, bishop and cardinal of the Roman Church .

Life

Origin and early years

He was the fifth of eight children of Count Vincenzo Calini and his wife Teodora Gonzaga Martinengo. He was baptized on January 18, 1696 in the church of Calino. His first education he learned in Brescia, he was destined for the clergy, he moved to Rome, where he studied from 1721 at the Academy of the ecclesiastical aristocracy , which he on 5 June 1725 the academic degree of Doctor iuris utriusque completed . He had been ordained a deacon as early as 1717 and was accepted into the cathedral chapter of Brescia.

The ordination received Ludovico Calini on 17 December 1718. He was a well-known speaker, he published a 1720 speech delivered to the Cardinal collecting Francisco Barbadico . In 1727 the newly elected Bishop of Brescia Angelo Maria Quirini OSBCas appointed him synodal examiner and building supervisor for the construction of the new cathedral.

Acting as bishop and cardinal

On September 11, 1730, Ludovico Calini was appointed Bishop of Crema . He received his episcopal ordination on September 21 of the same year in the Roman Church of San Marco by the Bishop of Brescia, Cardinal Angelo Maria Quirini; Co- consecrators were Archbishop Antonio Maria Pallavicini and Archbishop Giustino Fontanini . In 1737 he convened a diocesan synod, whose resolutions were published under the title Synodus diocesana Cremensis habita ab ill.mo et r.mo LC ... in Cathedrali Cremae the 29 Aprilis et duobus sequentibus anno 1737 in the same year in Brescia. From 1732 until his retirement in 1751 he was in the controversia di Crema involved where it concerned the question whether the state church people by divine right, during the Mass the Communion received too. This controversy moved the entire church public in Italy at that time. Because of a violent argument with the Griffani family, Ludovico Calini left the diocese and went to Rome, where he submitted his resignation on January 27, 1751. On February 1 of the same year, the Pope named him Latin Patriarch of Antioch . He was a close advisor to Pope Clement XIII. and shared his benevolent attitude to the Jesuits , but this made him the target of hostility in several pamphlets of the opponents of the Society of Jesus.

In the consistory of September 26, 1766 , Clemens XIII raised him. to the cardinal priest . He received the cardinal's hat on September 30th and the titular church of Sant'Anastasia on December 1st of the same year. Among other things, he was a member of the Congregation of Rites and from October 1767 until his death Prefect of the Congregation for Indulgences and Holy Relics . Ludovico Calini took part in the conclave in 1769 , which led to the election of Clement XIV . He opposed this choice and played no role in church politics under the pontificate of Clement XIV. On March 4, 1771 he opted for the titular church of Santo Stefano al Monte Celio . From February 28, 1774 to January 29, 1776 he was chamberlain of the Holy College of Cardinals . At the conclave 1774–1775 , the Pope Pius VI. chose, he was among the participants. As a member of the Congregation for Rites, he spoke out on January 20, 1777 in the congregation against a beatification of Juan de Palafox y Mendoza , Bishop of Osma. His vote attracted a lot of attention and contributed significantly to the fact that the process, which was extremely important to the Spanish royal court, was broken off. Cardinal Calini examined in particular the letter from Palafox to Pope Innocent X , which was directed against the Society of Jesus, and in doing so questioned the heroic degree of virtue of Palafox, as he had spread disgusting slander against the Jesuits.

Last years and death

In 1780 Ludovico Calini retired to Brescia after he had a conversation with Pius VI on April 1 of the same year. in which Calini urged the Pope to re-admit the Jesuits or at least not to hinder their reorganization in Russia, as the Bourbon powers demanded. He pointed out that the Society of Jesus had been unjustifiably broken up due to the machinations of four or five clergymen, and further submitted that the dissolution was based on the delusions of Clement XIV. The Pope promised the cardinal that he would do everything possible to achieve this.

Ludovico Calini died two years later in Brescia and was buried in the local church of Santi Faustino e Giovita.

literature

• Giuseppe Pignatelli:  CALINI, Ludovico. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 16:  Caccianiga-Caluso. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1973.

Web links

• Calini, Ludovico. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed February 5, 2019.
• Entry on Ludovico Calini on catholic-hierarchy.org ; accessed on February 5, 2019.

predecessor	Office	successor
Francesco Maria Pallavicini	Latin Patriarch of Antioch 1751–1766	Domenico Giordani
Faustino Giuseppe Griffoni	Bishop of Crema 1730–1751	Marcantonio Lombardi