Lomatium latilobum
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Lomatium latilobum |
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| ( Rydb. ) Mathias |
Lomatium latilobum is a species of the genus Lomatium within the umbelliferae family(Apiaceae). It occurs only in the border area of the US states Utah and Colorado ; the few occurrences are limited to Arches National Park and the Colorado National Monument . From The Nature Conservancy = TNC is Lomatium latilobum classified as "critically endangered" as ( "G1"). Common English names are English Canyonlands lomatium, Canyonlands biscuitroot .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Lomatium latilobum is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches stature heights of only 10 to 30 centimeters. It forms a branched, woody caudex , which is covered with the dry, white-colored remains of the leaf sheaths from the previous season. The plant gives off a strong smell reminiscent of lemon and liquorice , also called anise .
The alternately arranged leaves are divided into leaf sheath, petiole and leaf blade. The bald leaf blade is pinnate with three or four pairs of leaf segments. The leaf segments are lanceolate to elliptical with a length of (0.5) 1 to 4 centimeters and a width of 0.2 to 1.2 centimeters.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period extends from April to June, in Arches National Park from February to April. The double-gold inflorescence contains many, relatively small, flowers. Bracts are missing. The conspicuous bracts are 5 to 10 millimeters long.
The unisexual or hermaphrodite flowers are fivefold. Sepals may be absent. There are five free yellow petals . There is a circle with five stamens . The stylus ends in two scars.
When ripe, the flat, wide double achenes divide into two halves, 8 to 12 millimeters long and 3 to 7 millimeters wide, each with a seed and lateral wings.
Occurrence and endangerment
The endemic Lomatium latilobum occurs only in Grand and San Juan Counties in Utah and Mesa in Colorado .
Lomatium latilobum typically grows on sands on Entrada and Navajo sandstones between ribs and in crevice canyons . Bare rock and rubble heaps , deserts and chaparral at altitudes of 1200 to 2200 meters are named as habitats. In Arches National Park, Lomatium latilobum can be found in shrub steppes and pinyon- juniper communities, otherwise also in yellow-pine mountain forests. They grow in conspicuous bulbs that stabilize the soil and form micro-habitats for other living things.
It is estimated that there are only 12 to 17 localities of Lomatium latilobum , some of which only exist according to historical collections and may have become extinct there by now. Some populations are secured in protected areas, but exposed to the danger of being stepped on by tourists leaving the trails. The plant specimens are sensitive to disturbances and can easily be uprooted.
Lomatium latilobum is considered to be "critically endangered" due to its limited occurrence and sensitivity to foot traffic, as well as the risk of heavy tourist use .
Taxonomy and Botanical History
The type specimen was collected in 1911 by Rydberg and Garrett on Wilson Mesa in Grand County, Utah. It was first described in 1913 under the name ( Basionym ) Cynomarathrum latilobum by Per Axel Rydberg in Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , Volume 40, Issue 2, pages 73-74. The specific epithet latilobum means "broadly lobed" and refers to the lobes of the leaves that distinguish them from other species of the genus. The new combination to Lomatium latilobum (Rydb.) Mathias was published in 1938 by Mildred Esther Mathias in Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Volume 25, Issue 1, page 281.
Another synonym for Lomatium latilobum (Rydb.) Mathias is said to be Aletes latilobus (Rydb.) Weber .
use
The subterranean plant parts of Lomatium latilobum and its relatives were dried and ground into flour, hence the common English name "biscuitroot".
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Lomatium latilobum at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed October 16, 2019.
- ↑ a b c d e Lomatium . In: Southwest Colorado Wildflowers . Retrieved October 14, 2019 (data sheet with photos)
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Lomatium latifolium . The Nature Conservancy. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Lomatium latilobum . Arches National Park. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
- ↑ Per Axel Rydberg: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , Volume 40, Issue 2, 1913, pp. 73-74. scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
