Lomatium nudicaule

Lomatium nudicaule
	Lomatium nudicaule
Systematics
Order :	Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family :	Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily :	Apioideae
Tribe :	Apieae
Genre :	Lomatium
Type :	Lomatium nudicaule
Scientific name
	Lomatium nudicaule
	( Pursh ) JMCoult. & Rose

Lomatium nudicaule is a species of the genus Lomatium within the umbelliferae family(Apiaceae). It is in the western North America from the Canadian province of British Columbia to California and east to Idaho and Utah before and is there English pestle lomatium, barestem biscuitroot, nakedstem biscuitroot, Indian celery, Indian-consumption-plant, pestle parsnip, barestem lomatium called.

description

Habit, leaves and inflorescences

Section of an infructescence with ripe double achenes

Herbarium evidence

Habitat

Vegetative characteristics

Lomatium nudicaule is a perennial herbaceous plant . It forms a squat taproot . Fully grown plant specimens reach heights of growth of 20 to 45 (to 90) centimeters. The above-ground parts of the plant are bare and greenish-blue in color.

The leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The pinnate leaf blade is simple or two-fold three-part. The leaf segments are larger than the very finely divided leaflets of the other Lomatium species, which makes Lomatium nudicaule unmistakable. With a length of 2 to 5, rarely up to 9 centimeters and a width of 1 to 6 centimeters, the leaf segments are egg-shaped to circularly spherical and roughly serrated near the upper end.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from April to June. The inflorescence stem is often thickened and hollow below the umbel. The double-gold inflorescence contains 7 to 27 unequal rays, which are relatively long with lengths of mostly 8 to 10 (6 to 20) centimeters. The flower stalks are 3 to 15 millimeters long. There are no bracts and bracts .

The flowers are hermaphroditic. Sepals are hardly recognizable. The petals are yellow or pale yellow.

The achenes are usually 8 to 12 (7 to 15) millimeters long and 2 to 5 millimeters wide. It is surrounded by 0.5 millimeter wide wings, which can be as wide as the actual fruit.

The basic chromosome number is x = 11; there is diploidy with a chromosome number of 2n = 22.

Occurrence

Lomatium nudicaule occurs in western North America from the Canadian province of British Columbia to the US states of Washington , Idaho , Utah , Oregon , Nevada and California . It is not considered endangered.

Lomatium nudicaule grows on sandy soils in areas with at least 350 mm average annual precipitation . Lomatium nudicaule occurs in dry, open to sparsely forested locations in the lowlands to medium altitudes. It is often observed in shrub steppes , pinyon, juniper, yellow pine and mountain bush communities as well as on mountain meadows in the area between the Cascade Range and the Rocky Mountains , but can also be found on the coastal side of the cascades.

ecology

Lomatium nudicaule is a welcome diet especially for domestic sheep , but it grows in such small abundances that Lomatium nudicaule can hardly be classified as a forage plant of importance.

Lomatium nudicaule is forage for the caterpillars of the swallowtail Papilio zelicaon .

Taxonomy

The first description was in 1814 under the name ( Basionym ) Smyrnium nudicaule by Frederick Traugott Pursh in Flora Americae Septentrionalis; or, ... , 1, page 196. The new combination to Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) JMCoult. & Rose was published in 1900 in John Merle Coulter and Joseph Nelson Rose in Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Published Smithsonian Institution , Volume 7, page 238. Other synonyms for Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) JMCoult. & Rose are: Cogswellia nudicaulis (Pursh) MEJones , Ferula nudicaulis (Pursh) Nutt. , Pastinaca nudicaulis (Pursh) Spreng. , Peucedanum nudicaule A. Gray .

use

Lomatium nudicaule is a traditional source of food for many Indian tribes.

Your plant parts are also used in herbal medicine , u. a. used against tuberculosis . It was also used by the indigenous peoples of southwest British Columbia and Washington in ceremonies for catching and processing salmon . The W̱SÁNEĆ (Saanich), who they call qe x mín , burn the seeds in an open fire or in the stove when the salmon is being dried. The Kwakwaka'wakw and the Nuu-chah-nulth also burned the seeds as incense at burials, while their singers "oiled" their voices with them.

The seeds are traded commercially. Larger quantities can be obtained through special contracts.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Lomatium nudicaule at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed October 24, 2019.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Lomatium nudicaule in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
^ Laird R. Blackwell: Great Basin Wildflowers . Morris Book Publishing LLC., 2006, ISBN 0-7627-3805-7 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g D. Tilley, L. St. John, 2012: Plant Guide for barestem biscuitroot (Lomatium nudicaule). USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Aberdeen Plant Materials Center. Aberdeen, Idaho 83210. barestem biscuitroot - Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) JM Coult. & Rose . USDA. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Lomatium nudicaule . In: Burke Herbarium Image Collection . Retrieved October 17, 2019.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h S. L. Welsh, ND Atwood, S. Goodrich, LC Higgins: A Utah Flora , 3rd Edition, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 2003.
^ Lomatium nudicaule at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
^ ^A ^b S. C. Walker, NL Shaw: Current and potential use of broadleaf herbs for reestablishing native communities (= USDA Forest Service Proceedings. RMRS-P-38). Rocky Mountain Research Station, Boise, Idaho 2005.
^ A. Cronquist, NH Holmgren, PK Holmgren: Intermountain flora: Vascular Plants of the Intermountain West, USA Volume 3, Part A, Subclass Rosidae (except Fabales) . The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 1997, p. 446.
^ FJ Hermann: Notes on Western Range Forbs: Cruciferae through Compositae (= Agriculture Handbook No. 293). US Forest Service , 1966, p. 365.
↑ SL Pelini, JDK Dzurisin, KM Prior, CM Williams, TD Marisco, BJ Sinclair, JJ Hellmann: Translocation experiments with butterflies reveal limits to enhancement of poleward populations under climate change . In: PNAS . 106, No. 27, 2009, pp. 11160-11165.
^ Lomatium nudicaule . In: Native American Ethnobotany Database . University of Michigan.
^ Nancy J. Turner: The Earth's Blanket . Douglas & McIntyre, 2005.

Web links

Commons : Lomatium nudicaule - collection of images, videos and audio files

Lomatium nudicaule (Barestem biscuitroot, Pestle lomatium, Pestle parsnip) in the Calflora Database .
Lincoln Constance, Margriet Wetherwax, 2017: Lomatium nudicaule , in Jepson Flora Project (eds.): Jepson eFlora , Revision 5: Lomatium nudicaule - Datasheet In: Jepson Manual eFlora .
Lomatium nudicaule (barestem biscuitroot) - USDA Plants Profile .
Lomatium nudicaule in the University of California Photo Gallery.

[Tropicos-1] Lomatium nudicaule at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed October 24, 2019.

[GRIN-2] Lomatium nudicaule in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 24, 2019.

[Blackwell2006-3] Laird R. Blackwell: Great Basin Wildflowers . Morris Book Publishing LLC., 2006, ISBN 0-7627-3805-7 .

[USDA_Plantguide-4] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g D. Tilley, L. St. John, 2012: Plant Guide for barestem biscuitroot (Lomatium nudicaule). USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Aberdeen Plant Materials Center. Aberdeen, Idaho 83210. barestem biscuitroot - Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) JM Coult. & Rose . USDA. Retrieved October 24, 2019.

[BurkeHerbarium-5] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Lomatium nudicaule . In: Burke Herbarium Image Collection . Retrieved October 17, 2019.

[Welsh2003-6] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h S. L. Welsh, ND Atwood, S. Goodrich, LC Higgins: A Utah Flora , 3rd Edition, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 2003.

[IPCN-7] Lomatium nudicaule at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

[Walker2005-8] A ^b S. C. Walker, NL Shaw: Current and potential use of broadleaf herbs for reestablishing native communities (= USDA Forest Service Proceedings. RMRS-P-38). Rocky Mountain Research Station, Boise, Idaho 2005.

[Cronquist1997-9] A. Cronquist, NH Holmgren, PK Holmgren: Intermountain flora: Vascular Plants of the Intermountain West, USA Volume 3, Part A, Subclass Rosidae (except Fabales) . The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 1997, p. 446.

[Hermann1966-10] FJ Hermann: Notes on Western Range Forbs: Cruciferae through Compositae (= Agriculture Handbook No. 293). US Forest Service , 1966, p. 365.

[Pelini2009-11] SL Pelini, JDK Dzurisin, KM Prior, CM Williams, TD Marisco, BJ Sinclair, JJ Hellmann: Translocation experiments with butterflies reveal limits to enhancement of poleward populations under climate change . In: PNAS . 106, No. 27, 2009, pp. 11160-11165.

[NativeAmericanEthnobotanyDb-12] Lomatium nudicaule . In: Native American Ethnobotany Database . University of Michigan.

[Turner2005-13] Nancy J. Turner: The Earth's Blanket . Douglas & McIntyre, 2005.