Louis Gabriel Marquis de Conflans

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The Marquis Louis-Henri-Gabriel de Conflans d'Armentières (born December 28, 1735 in Paris , † 1789 ) was a high-ranking French military man. He was the eldest son of Maréchal de France Louis de Conflans, marquis d'Armentières , the latter in the military service of Louis XV. and Louis XVI. was standing.

Life

Louis-Henri-Gabriel was the firstborn from the first marriage of Louis de Conflans d'Armentières to Adélaïde Jeanne Françoise de Bouterou d'Aubigny, (May 1717 - May 9, 1746). From this marriage came two more children: Louis Charles (born December 5, 1737) and Louise Gabrielle (born November 3, 1743). He was the first to bear the title of Viscount d'Oulchy.

On May 20, 1766 he married Marie-Antoinette Portail, (born May 9, 1738 - 1818) The marriage had three children:

  • Louise Marthe de Conflans (1759–1825) ∞ François Marie Casimir, marquis de Coigny de Franquetot (1756–1816)
  • Louise Aglaë de Conflans (1763–1819) ∞ Charles-Alain-Gabriel de Rohan , last Duc de Montbazon de Rohan-Guéméné, duc de Montbazon (1764–1836)

Through his father's second marriage, he became a half-brother of Charles Louis Gabriel de Conflans d'Armentières , a member of the Chambre des pairs .

Military career

Uniform of the Régiment d'Orléans cavalerie from 1757, unit in which Louis-Henri-Gabriel de Conflans served until 1761.
Regiment de Conflans hussards

For the year 1750 he is mentioned as a member of the Mousquetaires de la garde . In April he became a lieutenant in the Regiment d'Orléans cavalerie , which he took over as commandant on April 10, 1752. In 1770 he was promoted to the Maréchal de camp .

Louis-Henri-Gabriel distinguished himself during the Seven Years' War . In 1757 he fought in the Battle of Hastenbeck . After the Weser had been crossed on July 16, the Maréchal d'Estrées ordered an advance detachment consisting of cavalry and light troops on July 24 to reconnaissance in front of his army in the direction of the later battlefield. The marquis d'Armentières was also used here.

This was followed by missions in the Battle of Krefeld and the Battle of Lutterberg . In Westphalia he served under the command of his father and was in battle near Korbach and the Battle of Warburg in 1760 .

On February 20, 1761 he was promoted to brigadier des armées du roi and in April he was subordinated to the Corps of Dragons-chasseurs de Conflans (a mixed association of light cavalry and light infantry) commanded by Mestre de camp en second de Voyer .

In the Battle of Vellinghausen , Conflans was able to distinguish itself through bold actions. Then he was ordered to Osnabrück , where he confiscated the flour and oat magazines and 400 horses. He then moved to Coesfeld with 400 food wagons loaded . He had the hocks cut of the horses he could not take with him.

In 1762 he stood with his regiment in combat near Recklinghausen , where a large number of prisoners could be made. The same applied to the skirmish near Schmallenberg . On July 25, Conflans was promoted to Maréchal de camp , his regiment led from 1763 on the name: "Légion de Conflans". In 1776 the cavalry was detached from the Legion and converted into the Régiment de Conflans hussards . This hussar regiment was renamed the Régiment de Saxe hussards after the death of its owner .

In East Frisia

From September 22nd, 1762, Conflans and his troops were pillaging through East Frisia . Leer was occupied on the same day , Aurich on September 23 and Emden on September 24 . Immediately afterwards, Conflans demanded contributions according to the custom of the war . Leer should deliver 150,000 (silver) thalers, Aurich 200,000 thalers and 30 pairs of boots and 400 pairs of shoes, and Emden 30,000 (gold) ducats within 24 hours. In negotiations, the first Prussian regional president of East Friesland in Aurich, Christoph Friedrich von Derschau , succeeded in reducing the contributions for Aurich by half. In return, the other half should be raised by the Wittmund office .

Conflans then swarmed his troops to collect the money and benefits in kind for the maintenance of his troops. In doing so, however, they encountered bitter resistance from the peasants, who managed to remain successful. Conflans then wanted to retire to Emden. On the way there he took the district president Derschau and the bailiff Diedrich Stürenburg hostage. However, the city walls of Emden were already occupied, so that Conflans had to retreat to Leer again. Here there was a battle at Loga with a number of dead on both sides. Further successes in the resistance of the local population as well as changes in the general war situation forced Conflans to retreat across the Ems on September 30th. Overall, the damage done by the mercenary troops for East Frisia is estimated at 358,557 Reichsthaler. Almost two thirds of this sum, 226,096 Reichsthalers, went to Evenburg and the Leer area.

literature

  • Henri Choppin "Trois colonels de hussards au XVIII (Le Marquis de Conflans, Le Comte d'Esterhazy, le duc de Lauzun)" Paris Éditeur Berger-Levrault 1891
  • Henri Choppin Les Hussards Les vieux régiments 1692–1792 Nancy Éditeur Berger-Levrault & Cie 1899 p. 203 FF
  • Carl Renouard: The campaigns of 1761 and 1762 (history of the war in Hanover, Hesse and Westphalia from 1757 to 1763; Vol. 3). LTR-Verlag, Buchholz-Sprütze 1995, pp. 428-434, ISBN 3-88706-367-8 (reprint of the Kassel edition, 1864).
  • Dictionnaire de Biographie Francaise , Vol. 3, Paris 1939, Col. 741-742.
  • Horst Carl: Occupation and regionalism. The Prussian western provinces in the Seven Years' War (publications of the Institute for European History Mainz, Dept. Universal History, 150): Verlag von Zabern, Mainz 1993, ISBN 3-8053-1344-6 , pp. 235-237.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ histoire d'Oulchy-le-Château .
  2. ^ François-Alexandre Aubert de la Chesnaye des Bois: Dictionnaire De La Noblesse , Tome III de la seconde édition, Paris, 1771, p. 218
  3. ↑ Choppin 1899 p. 203.
  4. ^ François-Alexandre Aubert de la Chesnaye des Bois. H. Choppin donne le 25 July 1762 pour cette nomination
  5. ↑ ( p.112 ).
  6. ↑ Choppin 1899 p. 204
  7. ^ Tjark Kunstreich , Biographisches Lexikon für Ostfriesland: DERSCHAU, Christoph Friedrich von , viewed on January 25, 2009.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Conflans, Louis Gabriel Marquis de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Conflans, Louis-Henri-Gabriel de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French maréchal de camp
DATE OF BIRTH December 28, 1735
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH 1789