Lucretier

The Lucretians were members of the Roman, originally patrician , later plebeian gens Lucretia , which had Etruscan roots.

Lucretia, the wife of the second Roman king Numa Pompilius , is still the oldest known bearer of the gentile name . Lucretia was famous , daughter of Spurius Lucretius Tricipitinus and wife of Collatinus , with whom the historical beginnings of the family can be recorded for the first time. Its main representatives lived in the early Roman Republic at the end of the 6th and beginning of the 5th century BC. In the first year of the Roman Republic, the gens provided one of the two suffect consuls with Spurius Lucretius Tricipitinus .

The Lucretian cognomen was usually Tricipitinus , rarely also (Tricipitinus) Flavus . They provided a total of seven consuls and six consular tribunes during the course of the Roman Republic . Later, several plebeian families joined the patrician Tricipitini, such as the Gallus, Ofella, Trio and Vespillo families. As praenomen were among the patricians Titus , Spurius , Lucius and Publius common. Also used Hostus (only Lucretiern occurring) and Opiter (very common in the Verginiern ). The plebeian families mostly used Lucius, Marcus , Spurius and Quintus , but Gaius , Gnaeus and Titus were also used.

The poet and philosopher Lucretius of the 1st century BC BC belonged to the Lucretians.

Members

The dead Lucretia

• Lucretia, wife of Numa Pompilius
• Titus Lucretius
  • Spurius Lucretius Tricipitinus , son of Titus Lucretius and member of the Roman Senate . Under Tarquinius Superbus , the last Roman king, he probably held the office of praefectus urbi . After the Tarquinians were expelled, he was named in 509 BC. Chr. Interrex and Suffektkonsul instead of retiring Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus , but died later that year.
    • Lucretia , daughter of Spurius Lucretius Tricipitinus; married Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus , was abused by Sextus Tarquinius and committed 509 BC. Suicide.
  • Titus Lucretius Tricipitinus , uncle of Lucretia, consul 508 and 504 BC He fought in 508 BC. Against Lars Porsenna , the king of Clusium , and was wounded. In 504 BC BC Titus and his fellow consul successfully continued the war against the Sabines .
    • Lucius Lucretius Tricipitinus , son of Titus Lucretius Tricipitinus, consul 462 BC. BC, triumphed over the Volscians . In the following year he defended Kaeso Quinctius , the son of the dictator Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus , who was convicted and exiled anyway. In 449 BC As a senator, he spoke out in favor of the abolition of the Decemvirate .
• Hostus Lucretius Tricipitinus , consul 429 BC According to Diodorus his prenomen was opiter.
  • Publius Lucretius Tricipitinus , son of Hostus Lucretius Tricipitinus, consular tribune 419 and 417 BC Chr.
• Lucius Lucretius Tricipitinus Flavus , suffect consul in 393 BC. And four times consular tribune (391, 388, 383 and 381 BC). During his time as a consulate, he defeated the Aequer . According to Plutarch , he had the honor of first speaker in the Senate, which later became the privilege of princeps senatus - a title that did not exist in his lifetime.
• Lucius Lucretius , was quaestor and was born in 218 BC. Together with other Roman officers captured by the Boiern ( Ligurians ) and handed over to Hannibal .
• Marcus Lucretius , Tribune of the People 210 BC BC, played a leading role in the dispute over the appointment of a dictator in the same year.
• Spurius Lucretius , praetor during the Second Punic War 205 BC. BC, Arminium, the later Gallia Cisalpina , was awarded as a province. In 203 BC He had the city of Genoa rebuilt, which had previously been destroyed by Mago , Hannibal's brother.
• Gaius Lucretius Gallus , Duoviri navalis 181 BC. BC, praetor 171 BC BC, brother of Marcus Lucretius. Was the fleet commander in the war against Perseus. The following year he was sentenced to a heavy fine for cruelty.
• Spurius Lucretius , Praetor 172 BC The province of Hispania was assigned to Ulterior . In 169 BC He served with distinction under the consul Quintus Marcius Philippus in the war against Perseus . In 162 BC He was one of the three ambassadors who were sent to Syria .
• Marcus Lucretius , Tribune of the People 172 BC BC, was responsible for the law ut agrum Campanum censores fruendum locarent . A year later he served as a legatus under his brother Gaius in Greece .
• Gnaeus Lucretius Trio , mint master ( triumvir monetalis ) around 136 BC Chr.
• Lucretius Vespillo , aedile 133 BC BC, threw the body of Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus into the Tiber. His cognomen alludes to this process.
• Quintus Lucretius Ofella , partisan of Sulla . Commanded 82 BC The part of the army that accepted the surrender of Praeneste . Contrary to Sulla's de magistratibus law , he was appointed consul the next year and was then killed by a Sulla soldier.
• Quintus Lucretius Vespillo , orator and lawyer, was ostracized and executed by Sulla.
• Lucius Lucretius Trio , mint master ( triumvir monetalis ) around 76 BC Chr.
• Marcus Lucretius , Senator . Was held as one of the iudices by Gaius Verres and was therefore suspected of bribery.
• Titus Lucretius Carus (known as Lucretius), 1st century BC poet BC, wrote De rerum natura (About the nature of things).
• Quintus Lucretius , close friend of Gaius Cassius Longinus . Supported the nobility party. During the civil war he had to flee Sulmo when his troops opened the city gates to Mark Antony .
• Quintus Lucretius Vespillo , commanded 48 BC. During the battle of Pharsalus the fleet of Pompeius . In 43 BC The triumvirs had the triumvirs look for him, but his wife Thuria hid him in their house until he was pardoned. He was born in 19 BC. Appointed suffect consul.

literature

• Hans Georg Gundel : Lucretius. In: The Little Pauly (KlP). Volume 3, Stuttgart 1969, column 757.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Plutarch , Numa 21.
2. ↑ Titus Livius , Ab urbe condita 1,58,59; 2.8.
3. ↑ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 1, 55 ff
4. ↑ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 2/28/11/16.
5. ^ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 3.8.10.12.
6. ^ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 3.8.10.12.
7. ↑ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 4,44,47.
8. ↑ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 5:29:32; 4,21.22.
9. ^ T. Robert S. Broughton : The Magistrates of the Roman Republic. Volume I: 509 BC-100 BC (= Philological Monographs. Number XV, Volume 1). American Philological Association, New York 1951, p. 239.
10. ↑ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 27.5.
11. ^ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 28, 38 .; 29, 13 .; 30.1. 11.
12. ^ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 11, 26 .; 12, 28, 31, 35, 48, 56, 63 .; 13, 4. 6. 7. 8.
13. ↑ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 13.9. 10 .; 14, 7.
14. ^ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 13, 19.48.56.
15. ^ Aurelius Victor , De viris illustribus 64.
16. ↑ Marcus Tullius Cicero , Brutus 48.
17. ↑ Marcus Tullius Cicero, In Verrem 1,7.
18. ^ Marcus Tullius Cicero, epistulae ad Atticum 4, 16. § 5; 7, 24. 25.
19. ^ Gaius Julius Caesar , commentarii de bello civili 3.7.