Ludwig Hilberseimer

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ludwig Hilberseimer (born September 14, 1885 in Karlsruhe ; † May 6, 1967 in Chicago ) was an architect and urban planner . He taught at the Bauhaus and the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT).

Life

Ludwig Hilberseimer studied architecture at the Technical University of Karlsruhe from 1906 to 1910 without obtaining a degree. He then worked for six months in the architecture firm Behrens & Neumark in Bremen before moving to Berlin in 1911. Until 1914 he worked in Heinz Lassen's office in Bremen. Later he headed the planning office for Zeppelin hall construction in Berlin-Staaken . From 1919 he was a member of the Art Work Council and the November Group , worked as a freelance architect and urban planner and published numerous theoretical writings on art , architecture and urban planning .

In 1926 he founded the architects' association “ Der Ring ” with Hugo Häring , Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and other colleagues . In 1929 he was appointed to the Bauhaus Dessau by Hannes Meyer . He initially taught building and planning and from 1930, under the direction of Mies van der Rohe, taught urban planning and settlement as a Bauhaus master.

In 1938 he followed Mies van der Rohe to the Armor Institute of Technology , the later IIT to Chicago . There he taught town planning and regional planning until shortly before his death.

meaning

Hilberseimer has a special role among the architects of classical modernism . He achieved his importance less through his built work than through his extensive theoretical writings and projects. From 1919 to 1925 he published in magazines such as “ Sozialistische Monatshefte ”, “Kunstblatt”, “Feuer”, “Der Einzige”, “ G - Zeitschrift für Elementare Gestaltung ”, “Vesc”, “Block” and “Ma” on theoretical art and architecture Fonts.

Numerous urban planning studies were carried out at the same time. The answer to Le Corbusier's “Ville Radieuse” is his project “Skyscraper City” from 1924, in which a “business city” and a “residential city” for 3 million residents are stacked vertically on top of each other, especially for long journeys to and from Avoid work. The sterile street canyons in the perspective depictions of the “high-rise city” have had a lasting impact on his image as a dogmatic functionalist.

From 1929 Hilberseimer developed urban planning studies at the Bauhaus on the decentralized concentration of large cities. Against the background of the economic and political decline of the Weimar Republic , he developed a universal and globally adaptable planning system ( The New City , 1944), which envisaged a gradual dissolution of the cities and a complete penetration of the landscape and settlement. In order to create a permanent balance between people , industry and nature , the residents should be protected against all conceivable catastrophes and crises on all levels.

In Lafayette Park in Detroit (1956–1963) part of the "New City" was implemented together with Mies van der Rohe and the landscape architect Alfred Caldwell .

Works

  • Single-family house in Berlin-Zehlendorf
  • Rheinlandhaus, Belle-Alliance-Strasse, Berlin.
  • House in the Weißenhofsiedlung Stuttgart, 1927.

Selected publications

  • Large city buildings; Aposs, Hanover 1925
  • Urban architecture; Julius Hoffmann, Stuttgart 1927
  • Church buildings in reinforced concrete. In: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung , vol. 47, 1927, pp. 533-542 ( digitized version of the Central and State Library Berlin ).
  • Concrete as a designer; with Dr. Julius Vischer. Julius Hoffmann, Stuttgart 1928
  • International New Architecture; Julius Hoffmann, Stuttgart 1928
  • Hall structures; JM Gerhardt, Leipzig, 1931. ISBN 8886701241
  • The New City. Principles of Planning; Paul Theobald, Chicago 1944. Digitized, Internet Archive . 2010 edition: ISBN 1171862024 . 2012 edition: ISBN 9781407792088
  • The New Regional Pattern. Industries and Gardens. Workshops and farms; Paul Theobald, Chicago 1949
  • The Nature of Cities. Origin, Growth, and Decline. Pattern and Form. Planning problems; Paul Theobald, Chicago 1955
  • Mies van der Rohe; Paul Theobald, Chicago 1956
  • Development of a planning idea; Bauwelt Fundamente 6, Berlin 1963
  • Contemporary Architecture . Its roots and trends. Paul Theobald, Chicago 1964.
  • Berlin architecture of the 20s; New Bauhaus Books series. Florian Kupferberg, Mainz 1967

literature

  • Richard Pommer, David Spaeth, Kevin Harrington: In the shadow of Mies: Ludwig Hilberseimer - architect, educator, and urban planner , New York: Art Institute of Chicago [u. a.] 1988, ISBN 0-8478-0931-5
  • Daniel Köhler: The Mereological City: a reading of the works of Ludwig Hilberseimer , Bielefeld: transcript [2016] (Architectures; 36), ISBN 978-3-8376-3466-2

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. A single family house in Berlin-Zehlendorf by architect Ludwig Hilberseimer , Berlin. In: Das Schöne Heim, vol. 5, 1934, p. 123.
  2. Dr. B. in Berlin-Zehlendorf. Ludwig Hilberseimer . In: Die Form, Volume 7, 1932, Issue 11, pp. 357–359