Ludwig Ullmann

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Ludwig Ullmann (born April 15, 1872 in Göllheim ; † July 22, 1943 in Niederndorf ) was a German architect and Bavarian construction officer .

Life

Ludwig Ullmann worked in Munich , Kaiserslautern , Nuremberg and Speyer . His twin brother Heinrich Ullmann (born April 15, 1872; † June 12, 1953) was also an architect. Ludwig Ullmann was the son-in-law of the Palatine Forestry Council, Karl Albrecht von Ritter. Important buildings by Ullmann are the Luitpold Tower in the Palatinate Forest , built in 1908–1909 , the Melanchthon High School in Nuremberg , built in 1909–1910 , the Scholastika House in Munich , built in 1915, and the Royal Botanical Institute in Munich, built in 1912–1914.

In 1902 Ullmann was transferred to the Royal Land Building Office in Nuremberg as a building authority assessor . Immediately he was entrusted with important projects of the Bavarian state as chief architect, and in 1909 he was transferred to Munich. Perhaps his first large building in Munich is the neo-baroque clinic in Munich Harlaching . The groundbreaking ceremony took place on June 1, 1911, and the building was occupied on December 1, 1913. As the royal building officer of the Supreme Building Authority , Ullmann was also responsible for the new Botanical Institute and the Botanical Garden in Munich-Nymphenburg , which were built between 1910 and 1913 . With a total area of ​​around 4,500 m², for which Ullmann implemented a transparent and filigree iron-wood-glass architecture, these greenhouses are among the last large plant showhouses that have been built across Europe since the beginning of the 19th century. Together with garden engineer Peter Holfelder (1878–1936; previously teacher at the horticultural school in Weihenstephan ), Ullmann was also responsible for the concept of the garden. This fits into the structural context of the Nymphenburg Palace and Park, following the orangery . The garden was laid out according to both scientific and artistic criteria and is on the list of architectural monuments in Nymphenburg .

The court gardener Leonhard Dillis (born December 31, 1871) was responsible for setting up the greenhouses. The gardening custodian Walter Kupper (1874–1953) was responsible for the planting . As can be seen on the plan from 1914, the garden consists of a central, strictly formal area, an alpinum with a pond in front and a large arboretum . The complex is neoclassical and is based on the architecture of early classicism of the late 18th century. The main building of the Botanical Institute, built by Ullmann together with Ludwig von Stempel , can also be assigned to this phase , whereby neo-baroque features are also unmistakable, such as eight large vases on the middle part of the roof in front and below, which were made of artificial stone and during a roof renovation 1956 were removed. Ullmann's and Holfelder's style for the Munich garden is also characterized by the hard geometric shapes of the surfaces and their borders , the use of straight pergolas , and the lowering of the parterre of the so-called Schmuckhof, in which onion plants, annuals and perennials are shown from spring to autumn . A small garden pavilion in the center of the garden, initially designed as a refreshment room during the summer months, served as a visitor café from around 1915, and as a full restoration from 1936.

The building decorations on the garden side of the institute are also made of artificial stone, which leads to different weathering resistance if there are differences in the quality of the cement mass . The portal figures on the two round towers on the south side are therefore less resistant to the acid rain .

  • Luitpold tower with extension, view from the south

literature

  • S. Langenberger: Buildings of the Bavarian state from the last decades . Ed .: Royal Supreme Building Authority. tape 2 : New botanical garden in Munich. Built 1910–1913. Georg W. Callwey, Munich 1915, OCLC 834125546 .
  • S. Langenberger: The new botanical garden in Munich-Nymphenburg. In: Der Baumeister, monthly books for architecture and building practice 14 (10): 74-79 . Georg DW Callwey, Munich October 1916.
  • Susanne Renner : The Munich Botanical Garden 1909–2009. Preserving its works of art, buildings and garden architecture . In: Englera . No. 30 , 2013, p. 131-136 , JSTOR : 24365188 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Royal. Supreme Building Authority (Ed.): Buildings of the Bavarian State from the last decades. New botanical garden in Munich. Callwey, Munich 1915.
  2. ^ Royal Agricultural Office in Nuremberg
  3. ↑ Andreas Muschialik: The architecture of greenhouses. In: Botanical Garden Munich. München Verlag, 2014, pp. 38–47.
personal data
SURNAME Ullmann, Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and Bavarian construction officer
DATE OF BIRTH April 15, 1872
PLACE OF BIRTH Goellheim
DATE OF DEATH July 22, 1943
Place of death Niederndorf near Kufstein , Tyrol