Luigi Pernier

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Luigi Pernier

Luigi Pernier (born November 23, 1874 in Rome ; died August 18, 1937 in Rhodes ) was an Italian classical archaeologist .

Live and act

Luigi Pernier was the son of the landowner Giuseppe Pernier and his wife Agnese Romanini. After the completion of the high school in 1893 he began in 1894 a liberal arts degree at the University of La Sapienza , where he in 1897 Rodolfo Lanciani received the highest rating laureiert was. In the same year he received a three-year scholarship at the Scuola nazionale d'archeologia in Rome. Several excursions as part of this three-year postgraduate course took him to Greece with Antonio Taramelli , Lucio Mariani , Gaetano De Sanctis and others . At the end of this time, Federico Halbherr invited him in 1900 to take part in the archaeological research on Crete that had been taking place since 1884 . Here Pernier first took part in the excavation of the Minoan palace complex of Phaistos and examined the finds of life .

After completing the three-year postgraduate course, he submitted an investigation into the Marcellus Theater in Rome in 1901 . In 1902 he was appointed inspector at the Musei, Gallerie e Scavi di Antichità in Florence , officially retained this position until 1916, during which time he carried out numerous archaeological studies in Bolsena , Ferento , Tarquinia , Orvieto , Vetulonia and Arezzo, among others . But in 1903 returned straight to Crete, he was invited by Halbherr, the Cyrenaica to travel and the archaeological situation in this Libyan documenting landscape.

Phaistos Disc , Side A, Heraklion Archaeological Museum

From 1906 to 1909, Pernier was Halbherr in the management of the Missione Archeologica Italiana on Crete and began the excavations in Rhizenia . On July 3, 1908, he succeeded in making the most important find of his career in Phaistos: the Phaistos disc , one of the most important finds of the Bronze Age to this day . When the Scuola Archeologica Italiana di Atene was founded in 1909 , Pernier was elected its first director, who held this position until 1916. Since this was not a recognized position in the context of an Italian archaeological career, Pernier applied from time to time for different positions in Italy, but led the excavations of the Scuola Archeologica in Gortyn from 1911 to 1914 . After the end of the Italo-Turkish War in 1912, he immediately initiated the archaeological inventory of Rhodes and the southern Sporades , which had fallen to Italy as a result of the war.

After the death of Luigi Adriano Milani , director of the Archaeological Museum in Florence , Pernier successfully applied for this position in 1914, which he took up in 1915. For this reason he gave up his duties at the Musei, Gallerie e Scavi and the Scuola Archeologica in 1916, especially since the establishment in Athens ceased its work until 1919 due to the First World War in 1916. In 1919 he was also entrusted with the soprintendency of the excavations and archaeological museums in Etruria , at the same time he received the license to teach archeology at the University of Florence . In 1922 he was appointed Professor of Archeology and Ancient Art History at the University of Florence. In addition to his teaching activities, he first worked on the results of the excavations on Crete, but also the excavations carried out in Italy. In this context he formed the Comitato Permanente per l'Etruria with Antonio Minto , Giulio Quirino Giglioli and Pericle Ducati , from which the Istituto di Studi Etruschi emerged in 1925 .

In 1925 Pernier Gaspare Oliverio, once his student in Athens was invited, as part of the Missione archeologica a Cirene the excavations of the Apollo temple in Libya Cyrene to conduct. As director of this special mission, he took up work in Cyrene, accompanied by Carlo Anti , also a student from Athens, professor in Padua and specialist in classical sculpture , as well as the architects Italo Gismondi and Luigi Giammiti, and led ten excavation campaigns by 1936. Regardless of this, Pernier was still active in Crete and, after Halbherr's death in 1930, took over the direction of the Missione Archeologica Italiana di Creta . He also completed the publication of his investigations of Phaistos, the first volume of which appeared in 1935, while the second volume was only published posthumously in 1951. But he also completed the research in Cyrene and presented his results in 1931 with the publication of the Temple of Artemis and in 1935 with that of the Temple of Apollo.

During a series of lectures on the Minoan high culture of the Società Dante Alighieri in Rhodes, Pernier died of a heart attack on August 18, 1937. His body was transferred to Rome and buried in the family grave.

Memberships and honors

Publications (selection)

  • A proposito di alcuni lavori eseguiti recentemente nell'interno del Teatro di Marcello. Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Rome 1901.
  • Di una città ellenica arcaica scoperta a Creta dalla Missione italiana. Calzone, Rome 1909.
  • Heliogabalus: M. Aurelius Antoninus. L. Pasqualucci, Rome 1911.
  • Tombe eneolitiche del Viterbese (Roma). L. Battei, Parma 1905.
  • Scavi della missione archeologica italiana in Creta nel 1907. Calzone, Rome 1907.
  • Il disco di Phaestos con caratteri pittografici. Unione editrice, Rome 1909.
  • Vestigia di una Città ellenica arcaica in Creta. U. Hoepli, Milan 1912.
  • Templi arcaici sulla Patela di Prinias: contributo allo studio dell'arte dedalica. Istituto Italiano d'Arti Grafiche, Bergamo 1914.
  • Ricognizioni archeologiche nelle sporadi. E. Calzone, Rome 1914.
  • La raccolta archeologica Bargagli a Sarteano presso Chiusi. Rod. d'Arti grafiche S. Bernardino, Siena 1920.
  • Tumulo con tomba monumentale al Sodo presso Cortona. Bardi, Rome 1925.
  • Per lo studio del tempio etrusco. Nuova Antologia, Rome 1927.
  • Recenti scoperte archeologiche degl'italiani a Creta. Nuova Antologia, Rome 1927.
  • L'Odeum dell'Agorà di Gortina presso il Leteo. Istituto Italiano d'Arti Grafiche, Bergamo 1927.
  • Il tempio e l'altare di Apollo a Cirene: scavi e studi dal 1925 al 1934. Istituto italiano d'arti grafiche, Bergamo 1935.
  • Il palazzo minoico di Festos. Scavi e studi della missione archeologica italiana a creta dal 1900 al 1934. Volume 1: Gli strati più antichi e il primo palazzo. Libreria dello Stato, Rome 1935.
  • Il palazzo minoico di Festos. Scavi e studi della missione archeologica italiana a creta dal 1900 al 1934. Volume 2: Il secondo palazzo. Edited by Luisa Banti. Libreria dello Stato, Rome 1951.

literature

personal data
SURNAME Pernier, Luigi
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian classical archaeologist
DATE OF BIRTH November 23, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Rome
DATE OF DEATH August 18, 1937
Place of death Rhodes