Luther Church (Hamburg-Wellingsbüttel)
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The Evangelical Lutheran Church Lutherkirche in Hamburg 's Wellingsbüttel district is located on Up de Worth 25 street in the immediate vicinity of the Wellingsbüttel S-Bahn station . It is the first church to be built in this part of the city and is a typical structure of the church building of the 1930s that has only slightly changed and shows the architectural style preferred for churches in northern Germany after the National Socialists came to power .
Building the church
Construction planning
Immediately behind the church is the oak-lined Knasterberg , a Bronze Age barrow . Because of alleged graves of soldiers from the Wars of Liberation, it can also be found in literature as the Russian hill . This plot of land was deliberately chosen for the church in order to create a reference point for the people's sense of home with the barrow.
After the property was bought in 1935, the construction tender began soon. The designs had to be based on the ideas of the congregation, which stated that “the time of experimentation, which blossomed before 1933, […] was over” and that a church wanted “to express our sense of time from which we feel that God has given our people new tasks. ”Drafts were submitted by five architecture firms, including well-known names such as Hopp & Jäger and Gerhard Langmaack . The design by Hopp & Jäger was accepted and implemented after a few changes.
building
After the laying of the foundation stone on May 23, 1937, the church could be consecrated on the 1st of Advent 1937 after rapid construction. It is a rural-looking hall church with side galleries and a barrel ceiling as well as a single, squat-looking tower, which received its tower clocks in 1939. The use of bricks, half-timbered facades and traditional decorations in the masonry underlines the rustic impression. Many details are borrowed from the Low German farmhouse architecture, e.g. B. the "thunder broom" in the masonry, the roof shape and the design of the windows.
After the Second World War , in which the church itself was not damaged, the community pursued a plan to expand the building for a while, which should have consisted of a higher tower, a roof turret and an extension of the main building with a polygonal choir . The planning was finally stopped in 1958. In the same year, however, the outside area around the church was redesigned. The forecourt between the church and the pastorate was given today's pavement, and a previously existing tree-lined avenue between the street and the church portal was removed. At the beginning of the 1980s there was a discussion about putting a bronze relief with Luther's head above the portal. Since this plan was not implemented either, the exterior view of the church building has hardly changed since the late 1930s.
Decorations in the masonry
There are a total of twelve striking decorations in the masonry on the north and south sides of the church, which show a mixture of traditional, Christian and National Socialist symbols. On the south side, these are (starting in the East), a thunder or witches' broom an isosceles cross, a Algiz rune, an Eye of Providence , a trident and visible from the forecourt of the best point, a swastika , which is still recognizable . On the north side, the symbols are more complex and often less easy to identify. A double wavy line, an ear of wheat, a wheel (possibly a sun wheel ) and an upside-down Algiz rune are clear .
The symbolism on the church continues to cause discussions today. The building is recognized as a cultural monument in Hamburg, so that all changes may only be made in consultation with the monument protection office. Since 2012 there has been a memorial plaque on the floor directly under the swastika.
Interior
The furnishing of the interior also corresponds to the model of north German village churches with the preference for natural materials and their craftsmanship. The interior is deliberately kept simple, but there is no lack of matching decorative elements. These include the church windows in the chancel , which were created in 1937 by the glass painter Sigrid Schlytter when the church was built. They show motifs from the life of Christ: his birth, his ministry as a preacher and his resurrection. The pulpit and baptism with relief work by the sculptor Jürgen Manshardt and the altar candlesticks, the altar cross and the baptismal bowl date from the same year .
The hexagonal altar designed by the sculptor Wolfgang Kreutter has had its place in the church since 1976/77. The eagle lectern, the design of which was made by the sculptor Gerhard Marcks and which was donated to this community by the artist in 1948, was the model for the current coat of arms of the parish of Wellingsbüttel.
On the right side of the church hangs the so-called “Alpirsbacher Cross” from the workshop of Rudolf Koch , which was originally intended for the “Church Weeks” in the Minster in Alpirsbach and was an altar cross from 1950 to 1971. In front of this, the large cross on the back of the church above the memorial served as an altar cross.
The interior is also characterized by the large crossbeams of the barrel vault. All bars are provided with eye-catching gilded inscriptions on both sides, resulting in two different related texts. In the original version, these were seen from the entrance to the altar: "Come to me, everyone / who are troublesome and burdened / I want to refresh you / I am the way / and the truth and life / no one comes to the Father but through me / for without me you can do nothing. ” and seen from the altar to the entrance “ Those who are led by the Spirit of God / they are God's children. / You have not received the spirit of bondage / her that you definitely need to fear again, / but you received the Spirit of adoption, / whereby we cry -. Abba / dear father " . For the installation of the Schuke organ, the first beam above the entrance, which bore the inscriptions “Come to me all” and “Dear father” , was removed . Even if the texts are shorter today, the lost line has hardly changed their content.
The interior underwent the largest interrelated redesigns and renovations in 1962 and 1971. In 1962 the gallery above the entrance had to be removed to create enough space for the new Schuke organ . In 1971 underfloor heating was installed, the altar area was completely redesigned and the Luther picture was moved to its current location. Of a crucifix from Fritz Fleer's workshop that was hung up as a trial in 1980, only the planned attachment points can be found today.
Bells
The church received the first set of three bells from the Schilling workshop in Apolda as early as 1937. Only one of these bells still exists today and it is no longer in Wellingsbüttel:
|
No. |
Chime |
Mass (kg) |
symbol |
inscription |
Whereabouts |
| 1 | as 1 | 550 | cross | Keep us Lord by your word | Thomas Church, 1959 Glashütte issued |
| 2 | ges 1 | 780 | Luther coat of arms | Praise be to you, Jesus Christ | Delivered in 1942 for armaments purposes |
| 3 | it 1 | 1350 | Swastika | A Mighty Fortress Is Our God | Delivered in 1942 for armaments purposes |
Today's five-part bell was commissioned in 1958 and cast by Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling in Heidelberg the following year . It has been in the church tower since Pentecost 1959.
|
No. |
Surname |
Diameter (mm) |
Mass (kg) |
Chime |
inscription |
| 1 | Resurrection bell | 980 | f 0 | But now Christ is risen. Alleluia | |
| 2 | Mission bell | 600 | as 0 | Go into all the world and preach the gospel to all creatures | |
| 3 | Homecoming bell | 420 | b 0 | Rejoice that your names are written in heaven | |
| 4th | Prayer bell | 320 | of the 1st | Watch, for you do not know what hour your Lord will come | |
| 5 | Baptismal bell | 290 | it 1 | Whoever believes and is baptized will be saved |
organ
Kemper organ
The first organ in the church was built in 1938 by the Kemper organ building company. After Gerd Zacher had started working as a church musician in Wellingsbüttel in 1957, it soon turned out that he could not implement his musical ideas on this organ. During this time he experimented with ways of creating new sounds by changing the organ playing wind .
Thanks to the very good financial situation of the community, it was decided at the end of the 1950s to completely rebuild the organ. Under Zacher's guidance, the current instrument was planned and built, and his knowledge of wind weakening had a major impact. Since the Kemper organ was technically still fully usable, it was handed over to the Jubilate parish in Billstedt .
Schuke organ
In the following years, Zacher used the new organ so intensively that it is often referred to as "his organ". The three-manual instrument was built in 1962 by the Berlin organ building workshop Karl Schuke and renovated and modified in 1992 by Rudolf von Beckerath Orgelbau . In 2002 it was returned to its original state (registers as in 1962, wind pressure control, setting system), general cleaning and a new gaming table again by the company Karl Schuke.
The disposition is:
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- Zimbelstern
- Coupling: III / II, I / II, III / I, III / P, II / P, I / P
- Playing aids : Hauptwerk swellable, 4000 electronic typesetting combinations , wind reduction, MIDI interface on the 3rd manual
Modern organ music
Thanks to Gerd Zacher's work, the church has developed into a place where modern organ music is performed since the 1960s . Zacher worked in Wellingsbüttel until 1970, in 1968 his Evangelical Lutheran Church in Schleswig-Holstein appointed him regional church music director . During this time he became internationally known as an avant-garde organ musician and aroused controversial and lively press coverage. Zsigmond Szathmáry continued the tradition of modern organ concerts after 1970, it continues to this day and has a special place in the community.
There have already been numerous world premieres or European premieres at the church, often in the presence of the composers. These included works by John Cage , Mauricio Kagel , Hans Otte , Juan Allende-Blin , György Ligeti , Charles Ives and Isang Yun .
Photographs and map
Coordinates: 53 ° 38 ′ 27 " N , 10 ° 4 ′ 30" E
The Knasterberg
Half-timbering and masonry
Thunder broom in the masonry
Half-timbering on the south side with a swastika that is still recognizable
Entrance portal
Altar window with resurrection motif
The resurrection bell
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See also
- List of churches named after Martin Luther .
- Much older churches with similarities on the outside are the Church of Alt-Rahlstedt and the Church of Bergstedt .
- A comparable combination of barrel vaults and galleries in the interior can be found in the Nienstedten church .
- Church construction during the National Socialism
literature
- Ralf Lange: Architecture in Hamburg . Junius Verlag, Hamburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-88506-586-9 , p. 214 .
- Thomas Richter: 50 years of the Schuke organ in the Luther Church Wellingsbüttel . Ed .: Church music of the Ev. Lutheran parish Wellingsbüttel. 2011 ( kirche-wellingsbuettel.de [PDF; 6.3 MB ; accessed on March 9, 2016]).
- Friedhelm Grundmann, Thomas Helms: When stones preach . Medien Verlag Schubert, Hamburg 1993, ISBN 3-929229-14-5 , p. 126 .
- Ernst König: Chronicle of the parish of Wellingsbüttel 1938 to 1988 . Church community Wellingsbüttel, Hamburg 1989 ( kirche-wellingsbuettel.de [PDF]).
- Stefanie Endlich, Monica Geyler-von Bernus, Beate Rossié (eds.): Christian cross and swastika . Metropol Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-940938-12-1 , pp. 46 ff., 105 .
- Uwe Gleßmer, Günther Engler: The Luther Church in Hamburg-Wellingsbüttel as a building and work of art by the architects Bernhard Hopp and Rudolf Jäger . Books on Demand , Norderstedt 2016, ISBN 978-3-7412-5371-3 (contribution to the Hopp-und-Jäger project no.4).
- Michaela Bräuninger: The Hamburg-Wellingsbüttel parish 1933 to 1975 . Matthiesen Verlag, Husum 2019, ISBN 978-3-7868-5511-8 (Writings of the Association for Schleswig-Holstein Church History, Vol. 62).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ernst König: Chronicle of the parish Wellingsbüttel 1938 to 1988 . Parish Wellingsbüttel, Hamburg 1989, p. 52 f . ( kirche-wellingsbuettel.de [PDF]). kirche-wellingsbuettel.de ( Memento of the original from March 13, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Thunder Broom . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 5, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 63.
- ↑ Information on the bells ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the homepage of the municipality. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
- ↑ Disposition ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. the organ according to the municipality. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
- ↑ Ernst König: Chronicle of the parish Wellingsbüttel 1938 to 1988 . Parish Wellingsbüttel, Hamburg 1989, p. 187 ( kirche-wellingsbuettel.de [PDF]). kirche-wellingsbuettel.de ( Memento of the original from March 13, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
