Machowinko

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Machowinko (German Klein Machmin ) is a village in the powiat Słupski ( Stolp district ) in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship .

Geographical location

Machowinko is located in Western Pomerania , about 15 kilometers north of the town of Słupsk ( Stolp ) and six kilometers southwest of Jezioro Gardno . The Baltic Sea is about 3.5 kilometers away.

history

Klein Machmin was a manor owned by the Ramel family, as evidenced by fief letters from 1506, 1547 and 1568. The village was laid out in the form of a small alley village. George Heinrich von Ramel had lived there in the 17th century. In 1677 Matthias von Zastrow married , and in 1720 the captain Philipp Heinrich von Zastrow sold Klein Machmin to Matthias Christian von Below (1684-1742). The estate remained in the possession of the Below family until 1804. To 1784, the place a Vorwerk, seven farmers, three had Kossäten , a blacksmith, a schoolmaster, on the field mark the two newly created outworks Dorotheenthal and Charlottenhof, the living space Old beach with four nearby the Baltic Sea beach fishermen's cottages , the living place New beach with various Colonist accommodations and a total of 52 households.

The Neu Strand residential area is a colonist village founded by Frederick the Great . According to the founding deed of 1772, twelve kossas were set up on the area belonging to the Klein Machmin estate. This led to lengthy legal battles with the landlords. In Klein Machmin, one of the total of 141 patrimonial courts of the Prussian state in the Stolp district existed until the middle of the 19th century . In 1821 the justiciar Vügelow was in office there.

In 1901 Klein Machmin and Schönwalde passed to District Administrator Maximilian von Puttkamer . In 1910 Wilhelm Graf von Zitzewitz and his eldest son Heinrich Klein bought Machmin and Schönwalde. The last owner before 1945 was Günther von Zitzewitz.

In 1925 there were 55 residential buildings in Klein Machmin. In 1939 there were 107 households and 434 inhabitants. In addition to the estate, there were 39 other farms in Klein Machmin.

Until 1945 the village of Klein Machmin belonged to the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Köslin in the province of Pomerania . The parish area was 1,490 hectares. There were a total of ten places of residence in the Klein Machmin district:

  1. Agathon Court
  2. Old beach
  3. Old sheep farm
  4. Jaggork
  5. Little Machmin
  6. Langebusch
  7. Mill
  8. New beach

Towards the end of World War II , the Gross Machmin region was captured by the Red Army on March 9, 1945 . Ten villagers had previously managed to escape by ship via Stolpmünde and Danzig. The Soviet troops abducted several villagers, some of whom returned. The landowner Günther von Zitzewitz was imprisoned in Stolp in the warehouse. He died on May 26, 1945 in Stolper Hospital St. Spiritus.

At the end of March 1945, the villagers had to leave Klein Machmin temporarily because the coastal region had been declared a restricted military area. They were allowed to return in May 1945.

After the end of the war, Klein Machmin was placed under Polish administration. On August 1, 1945, the Polish occupation of the village began with the appointment of a Polish mayor, a Polish head of office and the appearance of the Polish militia. Little Machmin was renamed Machowinko . Until the end of 1945, a Polish family settled on each farm. In June 1945 the first German villagers from Klein Machmin were deported . By the end of 1946, around half of the residents had to leave the village. A transport left on December 15, 1946. In 1952 there were 71 Germans in Klein Machmin. Among them were ten German families from Saleske who had been forcibly relocated to Klein Machmin so that they could run the estate here. There was a German school in 1952 that existed for about five years.

Later, 253 villagers from Klein Machmin were identified in the Federal Republic of Germany and 157 in the GDR .

Today the village has about 280 inhabitants.

church

The population of Klein Machmin present before 1945 was of the Protestant denomination.

Sons of the place

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Road map PL 003: Western Pomerania. Stolp - Köslin - Gdansk. 9th edition, Höfer Verlag, Dietzenbach 2005, ISBN 978-3-931103-14-9 , grid square F2.
  2. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 984, No. 85 .
  3. ↑ cf. z. B. Archive for legal cases from the practice of lawyers of the Royal Higher Tribunal . Fifth year, Volume 2, Berlin 1856, pp. 51–57.
  4. ↑ Justice-Administrative Statistics of the Prussian State (WFCStarke, ed.). Part I, Berlin 1839, p. 254 .
  5. ↑ Official Gazette of the Royal Government at Cöslin No. 20 of May 16, 1821, supplement, p. 2 .
  6. ^ The community of Klein Machmin in the former Stolp district (Gunthard Stübs and Pommersche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2011) .
  7. ^ Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania. Evidence of his German past . Lübeck 1989, p. 618 ( Online, PDF)

Coordinates: 54 ° 36 '  N , 17 ° 0'  E