Wodnica

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Wodnica (German Hohenstein ) is a village in the powiat Słupski ( Stolp district ) in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship .

Village picture (2006)

Geographical location

The village is located in Western Pomerania , on the left bank of the Stolpe , about three kilometers south of the port city of Ustka ( Stolpmünde ) on the Baltic Sea .

history

The village of Hohenstein is mentioned in a deed of purchase from 1337 and was probably founded in the 14th century on the land of the two Stolper city estates Arnshagen and Stolpmünde . It was in the form of a line village applied. The previous owner of the land was Jesco von Schlawe from the Swenzonen house, from whom the magistrate of the city of Stolp had bought it. Hohenstein was ravaged by the plague around 1709 .

The Hohenstein farmers were originally rent-lease farmers who had leased their farms from the City of Stolp's magistrate on a temporary basis. In 1768 there were 17 farmers in Hohenstein. Around 1776 some farmers bought their farms on long leases. Around 1784 there were eleven full farmers in Hohenstein and one farm bought in addition, one half farmer , four Büdner , a schoolmaster and a total of 19 households. After the liberation of the peasants, the farms became free property of the farmers in 1820. In 1847 the so-called common division, i.e. H. the division of the pastures and forests that have been used jointly up to this point in time. The relevant documents show that farm positions had been divided since 1784, and that there were now only five full farmers, but 13 half farmers.

Even before 1870, Hohenstein had a shipping place for a sailing ship. In 1910 the connecting route to Stolper Chaussee was paved, in 1913 Hohenstein received electric light, in 1931 a sports field, in 1934 a fire water pond and finally a stop on the Stolp - Stolpmünde railway line.

A school building in Hohenstein was first mentioned in 1787. The patronage of the school was exercised by the magistrate of the city of Stolp until 1908. In 1844 a new school house was built. The school building, which was in use before 1945, was built in 1911. In 1932 the school was single-stage. At that time a teacher was teaching around 50 school children. The last German teacher in Hohenstein was Wilhelm Pinz († approx. 1946/47 in Naugard prison), who had performed his teaching post in an exemplary manner for decades and who was in high regard both in the Hohenstein community and in the Stolper school authority.

Before 1945 Hohenstein belonged to the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Köslin in the province of Pomerania . The parish area was 6.5 km², and Hohenstein was the only place of residence in the parish. In 1925 there were 55 residential buildings in Hohenstein, and 70 households and 361 residents were counted. In 1939 there were 61 farms in the community of Hohenstein.

When the Red Army approached towards the end of the Second World War , Hohenstein was evacuated in the morning hours of March 8, 1945 by order of the Stolper District Office. The trek moved in the direction of Arnshagen - Nesekow. Six villagers managed to escape from Stolpmünde by ship. The other villagers were overtaken by the Soviet troops and had to turn back. Several civilians were killed on the very first day. Poland took over the village on October 6, 1945. All of the villagers were later evicted . A major expulsion took place on November 23, 1946.

Later, 138 villagers from Hohenstein were identified in the FRG and 120 in the GDR .

Around 350 people live in the village today.

Parish leaders until 1945

Some of the heads of the Hohenstein community since the 16th century are known by name. Until the end of the 19th century it was free school. The last graduate school in Hohenstein was Jakob Friedrich Granzow († 1897). After the free school the community leader held the highest office of the community. He was followed in 1934 by the mayor . Community leaders in Hohenstein before 1945 were:

  • Jacob Bodeker, mentioned in 1544
  • Tewes Boddeker, mentioned 1589/90
  • Tewes Boddeker († 1662)
  • Peter Bödker († 1693)
  • Tewes Bödker († 1708)
  • Michael Bödker († 1741)
  • Peter Bötker († 1745)
  • Tewes Bötker († 1768)
  • Jacob Grantzoqw († 1797)
  • Jakob Granzow († 1856)
  • Carl Granzow
  • Jakob-Friedrich Granzow († 1897)
  • Johann Küttner, until 1904
  • Johann Seils, 1904–1923
  • Richard Seils, 1923–1945 (mayor before 1934, then mayor)

Parish

The villagers who were present until 1945 were predominantly Protestant. In 1925 Hohenstein had a resident of the Catholic denomination. Hohenstein belonged to the parish of Arnshagen and thus to the parish of Stolp-Stadt.

literature

  • Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 572-577. ( Online (PDF; 839 kB), pages 572-573 are missing in the online version.)

Web links

Commons : Wodnica (województwo pomorskie)  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 928, No. 5
  2. ^ Anton Friedrich Büsching : Magazine for the new history and geography . Volume 12, Halle 1778, p. 587, right column .
  3. ^ Karl Brämer: The Prussian Rhederei . In: Journal of the Royal Prussian Statistical Bureau . Berlin, Volume 10, Issue 4, October - December 1870, pp. 311–366, especially p. 361, right column .
  4. ↑ a b c d Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, p. 577 ( Online ; PDF; 870 kB).
  5. ^ The community of Hohenstein in the former district of Stolp Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association, 2011

Coordinates: 54 ° 33 '  N , 16 ° 52'  E