Charnowo (Ustka)

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Charnowo
Charnowo does not have a coat of arms
Charnowo (Poland)
Charnowo
Charnowo
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Slupsk
Gmina : Ustka
Geographic location : 54 ° 33 '  N , 16 ° 55'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 32 '51 "  N , 16 ° 55' 27"  E
Residents : 280
Telephone code : (+48) 59
License plate : GSL
Economy and Transport
Street : Voivodeship Road 210 : Ustka ↔ Słupsk - Unichowo (- Bytów )
Rail route : PKP route 405: Piła – Słupsk – Ustka
Next international airport : Danzig



Charnowo (German Arnshagen , Kashubian Charnowò ) is a village in the northwest of the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the rural community Ustka ( Stolpmünde ) in the Powiat Słupski ( Stolp district ).

Geographical location and transport links

Charnowo is located in Western Pomerania , on the west bank of the Słupia ( Stolpe ) southeast of the Baltic Sea coastal town of Ustka ( Stolpmünde ). A cul-de-sac leads directly to Woiwodschaftsstraße 210 (former German Reichsstraße 125 ), which connects the place with the Baltic Sea as well as with the district town Słupsk and beyond. Since 1878 Charnowo has been a train station on the Piła – Ustka railway line ( Schneidemühl – Stolpmünde ).

The Słupia ( Stolpe ) near Charnowo ( Arnshagen )

Place name

Earlier forms of the name are: Arendshagen and Arenshagen . The current form of the name Charnowo occurs several times in Poland.

history

Arnshagen southeast of the city of Stolpmünde on the Baltic Sea (left half of the picture, can be enlarged by clicking) and northwest of the city of Stolp on a map from 1910.

The village of Arnshagen is mentioned in a document from 1337, with which the Counts Jesko von Schlawe and Jesko von Rügenwalde from the noble family of the Swenzones confirmed the sale of the village of Arnshagen and the port of Stolpmünde to the magistrate of the city of Stolp . According to its historical village form, Arnshagen was originally laid out as a Hagenhufendorf .

Around 1784 there was a preacher, a schoolmaster, nine farmers and a blacksmith in a total of 16 households.

In the course of the 19th century, the town owned village became a farming village, which in 1939 had a total of 60 farms.

In 1910 there were 377 residents registered in Arnshagen. Their number rose to 395 by 1925, was 381 in 1937 and finally 362 in 1939 (with an area of ​​666 hectares).

Until 1945, Arnshagen was a municipality in the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Köslin in the Prussian province of Pomerania, with the villages of Arnshagen-Bahnhof (now in Polish: Charnowo Słupskie) and Kamp . It formed its own district, was the seat of a registry office and belonged to the district court area of Stolp.

Towards the end of the Second World War , Arnshagen was occupied by Soviet troops on the morning of March 8, 1945, and soon afterwards it was part of Poland along with the whole of Western Pomerania. Because the place was within the Soviet restricted area on the Baltic Sea, the residents had to leave their place for about three weeks. At the beginning of August 1945 the first Poles occupied the courtyards. The villagers were gradually evicted . Transports to the west left Stolp on December 10, 1945 and June 5, 1946; the last villagers were evicted in 1947. Later, 150 villagers displaced from Arnshagen in the Federal Republic of Germany and 106 in the GDR were identified.

Arnshagen was renamed Charnowo . The village is now a district ( Sołectwo ) of Gmina Ustka in the Powiat Słupski of the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1975-1998 Slupsk Voivodeship ). 280 inhabitants now live here.

church

Village church

The church in Charnowo ( Arnshagen ) in 2004

The simple half-timbered church dates from 1625 and has a tower made of field and bricks from around 1400, which is structured with round-arched panels. Until 1945 the colorful altar, framed by two smooth columns, showed the crucifixion of Jesus in the middle picture. The entire interior, into which the gallery extended strangely, was considered one of the most beautiful in the former Stolp district . The organ builder Christian Friedrich Völkner (1831–1905) from the neighboring town of Dünnow (today in Polish: Duninowo) built his first organ here in 1859 - a small work without a pedal - which was still played in 1946.

The Arnshagen church was a Protestant church for more than 300 years . In 1945 it was expropriated in favor of the Catholic Church and re-consecrated on December 8, 1945 - with the name Znalezienia Krzyża Świętego .

Parish

Arnshagen was and is an old church village. Before 1945, its population was predominantly of the Protestant denomination. The place was the parish seat, to whose parish the branch church Groß Strellin (today Polish: Strzelino) and the places Hohenstein (Wodnica), Klein Strellin (Strzelinko), Neumühl (Kornec) and overflow (Gałęzinowo) belonged. It was in the area of ​​the church district Stolp-Stadt in the eastern district of the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The church patronage was the responsibility of the Magistrate von Stolp for Arnswalde and the manor owner von Groß Strellin. In 1940 the parish of Arnshagen had a total of 1755 parishioners, of which 1105 belonged to the parish of Arnswalde.

Since 1945 the population of Charnowo has been almost without exception Catholic . The place is now no longer the parish seat, but - like the village Zimowiska - a branch parish within the parish Najświętszego Zbawiciela in Ustka ( Stolpmünde ). It belongs to the deanery Ustka in the diocese of Köslin-Kolberg of the Catholic Church in Poland . Protestant church members living here are now assigned to the parish of the Kreuzkirche parish in Słupsk in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

school

In the primary school, which was opened in 1932, one teacher taught 51 school children. A new two-class school building with two apartments was inaugurated on July 9, 1939. The last German teachers were Walter Janczikowsky and Heinz Hoffmeister .

literature

  • Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 378–383 ( PDF location description Arnshagen )
  • Hans Glaeser-Swantow: The Evangelical Pomerania . Part 2: Authorities, churches, parish offices, clergy, institutions and associations . 3rd edition, Evangelical Pastors' Association of the Province of Pomerania, Stargard 1940.
  • Johannes Hinz : Pomerania. Signpost through an unforgettable country. Flechsig-Buchvertrieb, Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-88189-439-X , p. 40 f.
  • Hans Moderow , Ernst Müller: The evangelical clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present. Edited due to the Steinbrück'schen Ms. . Part 2: Ernst Müller: The administrative district of Köslin . Sannier, Stettin 1912.
  • Heinrich Schulz: Pomeranian village churches east of the Oder. A book d. Memories . Beck, Herfort 1963.

Web links

Commons : Charnowo  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 927, No. 1.
  2. ^ Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 382–383 ( PDF location description Arnshagen )