Magdeburg streets

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The history and development of Magdeburg streets , their names and special features are closely linked to the history of the city of Magdeburg and the region.

The history of the roads in general and for each traffic route is given below.

The individual streets are sorted alphabetically and traceable via the navigation:

Middle Ages / early modern times

Little is known about the first streets in the city of Magdeburg, first mentioned in a document in 805, and their names. At first there were no officially established names. The names were popularly formed over the course of time, although several names were in use at the same time and older names were forgotten again.

One of the oldest documented street names is the Spiegelbrücke . It is mentioned as pons speculorum as early as 1284 and goes back to the house to the three mirrors originally located in the street . This name was in continuous use until the 1960s.

A significant part of the names of the streets in Magdeburg's old town were derived from the occupational groups settled there (e.g. Schuhbrücke , Goldschmiedebrücke, or Bonehauerufer ). The frequent occurrence of the word -brücke in the names in Magdeburg is striking. What is meant here is not a bridge in the current sense. Rather, the paved paths were referred to as bridges. These were mainly the shopping streets, which had a stone paved sidewalk in the middle.

Another part of the names came from distinctive house signs in the street (e.g. Apfelstraße , Dreiengelstraße or Kameelstraße ) and thus enabled the residents to give more specific information about the location of the city.

However, the location of the street at important buildings, especially churches, was often decisive for the naming ( Jakobstraße , Johanniskirchhof or Petersberg ).

Still other names were based on the specific characteristics of the street ( Breiter Weg or Krummer Elbogen ).

Street directories were drawn up for the purposes of the council as early as 1552 and 1683. A standardization of the street naming, even in the sense of a uniform addressing, was not connected with this.

In 1751 the city's magistrate decided to provide all streets with a street sign. This was justified with misunderstandings and the disgusting names used by the population . In 1755 the project was actually tackled and white tin signs with black writing were posted in the streets. The houses were initially not numbered. In 1796 all the houses in the city were numbered consecutively, and it was not until 1807 that street numbering was used. The first signage of the street names was not yet consistent. So if several names were used for a street, several names were also listed. The names only got their current function at the beginning of the 19th century.

In 1800 Magdeburg had 165 streets and squares.

City expansion from 1871

Magdeburg had developed into the largest Prussian fortress. A large part of the urban area consisted of fortifications. The city expansion, which was urgently required with the beginning of industrialization, was therefore not possible for a long time, so that Magdeburg was limited to its medieval expansion until well into the second half of the 19th century. Under Lord Mayor Gustav Hasselbach , the city succeeded in purchasing the southern and western fortress areas. The fortifications were demolished there. New, spacious districts and streets were created. The naming of the new streets was predominantly monarchist ( Augusta Straße , Kaiserstraße ), but also partly committed to Magdeburg's history ( Guerickestraße , Franckestraße ). The historical names of the old town remained essentially unchanged.

Further city expansions followed, in particular Wilhelmstadt (today's Stadtfeld Ost ). In addition to names motivated by the military ( Sedanring ), names of German poets ( Friesenstrasse , Wilhelm-Raabe-Strasse ) were also used. The content of neighboring streets was also started to be named after poets or battlefields.

Weimar Republic

After the end of the German Empire, some politically motivated renaming began. In Magdeburg, the stronghold of social democracy , Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz became a Citizens ' Square . Elsewhere, too, people from the social democratic movement were increasingly taken into account in the designation (e.g. Otto-Richter-Strasse instead of Westerhüsener Strasse ).

National Socialism

During the National Socialist era , the regime's ideology was also reflected in the local names. Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz returned. Various generals (e.g. General-Busse-Weg ) and National Socialists (e.g. Adolf-Hitler-Brücke , Göringstrasse and Gustloffstrasse ) received new honors.

post war period

In the post-war period, these burdened names initially disappeared. Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz became Deutsches Platz . Other streets were given their original names back (e.g. Sternbrücke instead of Adolf-Hitler-Brücke) or were given the names of resistance fighters or entirely non-political names.

However, the Second World War had left its mark on Magdeburg. Much of the historic buildings in the city center had been destroyed.

National Development Program, 1954

GDR

In contrast to western German cities, however, Magdeburg was not rebuilt taking historical structures into account. Rather, a modern socialist city should be built in place of the old town. The reconstruction then took place with expropriation of the landowners. The remaining old buildings were largely demolished and u. a. eight historic churches blown up. Many old streets were built over and disappeared from the cityscape after some 1000 years. Even old street names no longer fit into the picture. The city's historic main street, Breite Weg, was renamed Karl-Marx-Straße . Many other renaming followed, some of which had to be changed again after a short time. So the Stalinallee was only briefly to be found on the city maps. The Deutsche Platz was now called Boleslaw-Bierut-Platz . The Wilhelmstadt district was renamed Stadtfeld and thus got its historical name back.

Turn of 1989/1990

With the political change in the GDR , which led to German reunification, a new wave of renaming began. The wide way got its name back. Many more or less polluted GDR figures disappeared from the street signs. Boleslaw-Bierut-Platz is now (harmlessly) called Universitätsplatz .

In the following, the meanings and circumstances of the naming of the Magdeburg streets and their history are shown. Currently valid street names are given in bold , names that are no longer valid after renaming or building over are given in italics . As far as possible, existing or former institutions, monuments, special buildings or well-known residents are also listed.

The list does not initially claim to be complete.


Literature / sources

  • Ingelore Buchholz , Maren Ballerstedt, Konstanze Buchholz: Streets of Magdeburg's old town , 1991, ISBN 3-910173-08-X .
  • Henner Dubslaff: The Magdeburg Reformed 1666 to 2005 A Search for Traces , 2005.
  • Nadja Gröschner, Frank Kornfeld: Magdeburg-Ostelbien as it used to be , 2003, Gudensberg-Gleichen, ISBN 3-8313-1395-4 .
  • Günter Hammerschmidt : Houses with house signs in the former old town of Magdeburg , 2004.
  • Robert Hesse: The parks of the city of Magdeburg , 1907, Magdeburg.
  • Gisela Hoke: Herrenkrug , 1991.
  • Klaus Kramer: Magdeburg House Book , Magdeburg City Planning Office, 2001.
  • Hans-Joachim Krenzke: Churches and monasteries in Magdeburg , Magdeburg City Planning Office, 2000.
  • Hans-Joachim Krenzke, Jürgen Goldammer: Magdeburg Moving Times - The 50s and 60s , 1997, Gudensberg-Gleichen, ISBN 3-86134-370-3 .
  • Hans-Joachim Krenzke: Magdeburg cemeteries and burial places , 1998.
  • Christoph Kretschmann: From Grusonwerk to SKET - 150 Years of Industrial History , Magdeburg, 2005, ISBN 3-935831-28-5 .
  • Dieter Niemann, Nadja Gröschner: The St. Ambrosius parish and the "old cemetery" in Magdeburg-Sudenburg , 2001, Kremkau, ISBN 3-934988-16-4 .
  • Heidi Roeder: National Socialist Housing and Settlement Construction , Magdeburg 1995, City Planning Office.
  • Rotraud Tönnies : Olvenstedt in old views , 2003, ISBN 90-288-6716-3 .
  • Clemens Schmidt: My Magdeburg - 40 quarters in the big test , 2003.
  • Sabine Ullrich: The history of the Magdeburg Cathedral Square , Magdeburg City Planning Office, 2001.
  • Sabine Ullrich: Industrial architecture in Magdeburg , Magdeburg City Planning Office, 2003.
  • Martin Wiehle : Magdeburg personalities. Published by the Magistrate of the City of Magdeburg, Department of Culture. imPuls Verlag, Magdeburg 1993, ISBN 3-910146-06-6 .
  • Various authors: Magdeburg - Architektur und Städtebau , City Planning Office Magdeburg, 2001, ISBN 3-929330-33-4 .
  • Ernst Neubauer: House book of the city of Magdeburg , Magdeburg, 1931.

Lexicons / reference works

  • Guido Heinrich, Gunter Schandera (Ed.): Magdeburg Biographical Lexicon 19th and 20th centuries. Biographical lexicon for the state capital Magdeburg and the districts of Bördekreis, Jerichower Land, Ohrekreis and Schönebeck. Scriptum, Magdeburg 2002, ISBN 3-933046-49-1 .
  • List of named streets and squares in the state capital Magdeburg, Office for Statistics, 2002.

Address books

  • The Magdeburg address book from 1817 , edited by Dr. Arthur von Vincenti, reprinted in 2004 of the new edition from 1932, ISBN 3-7686-4224-0
  • EFLiweh: Address book of the city of Magdeburg from 1823 , new edition 2004
  • Magdeburg address book 1914 , publisher August Scherl German address book company mbH
  • Magdeburg address book 1916 , publisher August Scherl German address book company mbH
  • Magdeburg address book for 1939 , published by August Scherl successor
  • Address book of the city of Magdeburg 1950–51 , publisher. Der Rat der Stadt Magdeburg

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