Marienkirche (Grossenhain)
The Marienkirche is a Protestant church in Großenhain , which was built from 1746 to 1748 by the Dresden council carpenter Johann George Schmidt and the council mason Johann Gottfried Fehre on the site of a late Gothic hall church. "Of Schmidt's large church buildings, only the Großenhain Marienkirche is still largely in its original state." The sacred building is "one of the most original spatial creations of Saxon church art of the late Baroque ". It is the church of the parish Marienkirche in Großenhain and the ephoral church of the church district in Großenhain .
history
Predecessor churches
Little is known about the form and shape of the previous churches. The enclosing walls of the Marienkirche are largely built on those of the last previous church. The church was rebuilt soon after it was destroyed by the Hussites in 1429. In 1440 the expansion into a three-aisled late Gothic hall church with a wide central nave and narrow side aisles began. The high altar was consecrated in 1470. After the reconstruction by Cornelius Gurlitt , the church had a hall choir, like the St. Marienkirche in Herzberg . The tower stood on the north aisle. There was also a chapel by the tower. There were two attached chapels on the south side. On the west side of today's main nave, a spiral staircase has been preserved, which indicates a two-story extension. According to tradition, the roof was covered with slate and decorated with many small turrets. In 1540 the church was destroyed by fire. At that time the church was equipped with numerous epitaphs and had 13 altars . In 1593 the church was given a pulpit "to defy the Pope". Shortly before the town fire on June 8, 1744, the church was thoroughly renovated. The fire destroyed the church, with the tower collapsing on June 17th, and the church smashed to the outer walls.
Building history
On September 7, 1744, the state government issued building regulations that were supposed to guarantee a uniform reconstruction of the city. In the autumn of the same year, the senior consistory in Dresden began planning the building. Master builder Johann George Schmidt was commissioned to build a new church on the same site. The construction work lasted until 1748. On the third Advent of the year the church was equipped with the essentials and was consecrated. It was not until 1755 that the pulpit altar was made out of sandstone and plaster by the Lommatzsch sculptor Friedrich Wilhelm Mieth. The tower was inaugurated in 1802 after almost two years of construction.
In 1855 the tower was given four bells and the interior of the church was renovated for the first time. The second interior renovation and the rebuilding of the organ were carried out in 1901. In 1972 the third renovation took place, which lasted 18 years. Above all, the roof, the tower and the windows were renovated and the interior repainted.
The Katharinen altar, which was carved in the 16th century for the Katharinenkirche and after its demolition in 1869 came to the Marienkirche badly damaged, was given on permanent loan to the Chemnitz Castle Church in 1983 after the restoration .
In 2001 the organ was overhauled, in 2004/05 the facade and roof were renewed. The windows were renewed and the church was painted a light gray exterior, as in 1855.
description
The floor plan of the church has "a T-shape that is unique in Saxony." On the north side, the altar, pulpit and organ were built one above the other. The pulpit altar was created by the Lommatzsch sculptor Friedrich Wilhelm Mieth based on Schmidt's designs in 1755/1756. The organ was built in 1777/1778 by Johann Gottlieb Mauer from Leipzig. A stained glass window showing Luther and Melanchthon was donated by the Zschille family in 1883.
Baptismal font
The font, designed by an unknown artist, was completed in 1748. It is made of sandstone and has a wooden lid.
organ
The first organ was built in 1778 by Johann Gottlieb Mauer from Leipzig. In 1901 the Dresden organ builders, the Jehmlich brothers , built the organ, which is still in use today, with 53 registers on three manuals and pedal (3758 pipes ). In 2001 the organ was overhauled in a general overhaul by the Groß company from Waditz . The prospectus received real tin pipes again. The organ was inaugurated again on “Organ Night” on August 18, 2001. The instrument has pneumatic action . The disposition is as follows:
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- Coupling : II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
The Easter window
The Easter or Luther window was donated by the Großenhain family Zschille in 1883 on the occasion of Martin Luther's 400th birthday . In 2005 it was restored and rebuilt with protective glazing in a steel frame.
The prayer rooms
To finance the construction of the church, wealthy middle-class families were able to purchase specially furnished prayer rooms for 200 Rhenish thalers or two oxen. The prayer rooms were privately furnished and equipped with small stoves. The furniture is still partially preserved. The rooms are glazed towards the front and lie under the second gallery in a ring above the ship. In 1855 the rooms were papered in green and white for the last time.
The bell
The four bronze bells were cast by Johann Gotthelf Große in Dresden in 1855 and consecrated on September 15, 1855. They are tuned to the notes B, D, F sharp and H. The large bell has a diameter of 162 cm. The weight of the bells is 43, 26, 15 or 6 quintals . The bell was operated by hand until 1928. During the Second World War, three of the four bells were brought to Hamburg to be melted down, came back unscathed from a bell cemetery after the war and were able to take their place in the tower of St. Mary's Church again in 1947/48.
photos
Altar place around 1890
Memorial plaque on the church
View from the north
Web links
literature
- Heinrich Magirius : The town church St. Marien in Grossenhain. in: Sächsische Heimatblätter 60 (2014) 3, pp. 184–197
- Quick art guide No. 2306: Marienkirche Grossenhain. Verlag Schnell & Steiner GmbH Regensburg 1998, ISBN 3-7954-6065-4
- Ev.-Luth. Superintendent of Großenhain: Between Elbe and Elster - churches and chapels in the church district of Großenhain. Grossenhain 2002
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Marienkirche in Großenhain. In: Website of the city of Großenhain. Archived from the original on May 12, 2010 ; Retrieved May 26, 2010 .
- ^ Heinrich Magirius , quoted in Die Marienkirche. (No longer available online.) Evangelical Lutheran Parish in Großenhainer Land, archived from the original on March 18, 2011 ; Retrieved July 26, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The Katharinen Altar. (No longer available online.) Evangelical Lutheran Parish in Großenhainer Land, archived from the original on March 17, 2014 ; Retrieved July 26, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ The organ of the Marienkirche in Grossenhain. (No longer available online.) Evangelical Lutheran Parish in Großenhainer Land, archived from the original on March 18, 2014 ; Retrieved July 26, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 51 ° 17 ′ 33.1 ″ N , 13 ° 31 ′ 49.5 ″ E