Maxim Winawer

Maxim Winawer (1906)

Maxim Moissejewitsch Winawer ( Russian Максим Моисеевич Винавер ; born November 18 ^{. Jul} / the 30th November  1863 ^greg. In Warsaw ; † 10. October 1926 in Menthon-Saint-Bernard ) was a Russian lawyer , politician and patron .

Life

After school education in the 3rd Warsaw high school, Winawer studied law at the University of Warsaw from 1881 to 1886 . He then lived in Saint Petersburg and worked as an assistant to a lawyer because of the factual ban on admitting lawyers of the Jewish faith as lawyers. During this time he became known as a lawyer through the publication of technical articles in legal journals. Later he began to work out the defense also in criminal cases, which resulted from the backward law of the Jews. In 1900 he organized the successful defense in the Vilna trial of David Blondes, who was charged with ritual murder. After the 1904 pogrom in Gomel , he came forward with a civil suit named the Jewish Victims, leading a group of lawyers accusing the judge of bias and leaving the trial. He was only sworn in as a lawyer in July 1904.

Winawer has lectured on social science at the University of Brussels and the Paris School of Social Sciences . He became a member of the Legal Society of the University of St. Petersburg and from 1904–1906 headed the civil law department in the editorial office of the legal courier of this society. In 1909 he took part in the editing of the work of the St. Petersburg Legal Society . 1913–1917 he published the civil law courier.

Winawer took part in the work of the Society for Education of Russian Jews and became the chairman of the Historical and Ethnographic Commission . During the 1905 Revolution he was one of the founders of the Union for Full Rights of the Jewish People in Russia in March 1905 , and in 1907 he founded the Jewish Ethnic Group . He collected paintings and acted as a patron . In particular, he supported Marc Chagall with a small scholarship so that he could travel to Paris in September 1910.

In 1905 he was also one of the founders, leaders and theorists of the Constitutional Democratic Party , known for short as the Cadet Party . He became a member of its Central Committee and became a member of the first State Duma . After the dissolution of the Duma in 1906 he was among the signatories of the Vyborg manifesto , which he to three months imprisonment was condemned.

After the February Revolution , Winawer joined the working group to draft laws for the election of a Constituent Assembly , and the Provisional Government appointed him Senator of the Civil Department of the Senate Court of Cassation . He was a member of the new Central Duma. During this time he leaned toward the left wing of the Cadet Party , and he was deputy parliamentary group leader in the Provisional Soviet of the Russian Republic . In 1917 he was elected to the Petrograd Constituent Assembly . From March 1917 he was together with the historian Alexander Alexandrowitsch Kornilow head of the commission for agitation and publication of the Cadet Party . He was also one of the editors of the Kurier newspaper of the People's Freedom Party .

Before the October Revolution and after an illegal stay in Moscow , Vinawer fled to the Crimea and took part in the Cadet Conference on October 1, 1918 in Gaspra . In the spring of 1919 he became foreign minister of the Crimean regional government , which turned against the Bolsheviks to the Entente powers .

In 1919 Winawer emigrated to France and settled in Paris, where he urged Russia's allies to continue to support the White Movement . He was a friend of the chairman of the committee of the Paris group of cadets and joined the union of all democratic forces of the émigrés. He was the chairman of the Russian Publishing Society in Paris , one of the founders of the Russian newspaper Latest News and the initiator of the establishment of a Russian university at the Sorbonne , where he gave a lecture on Russian civil law . He participated in the publication of the newspaper Jüdische Tribüne , which fought against anti-Semitism . He took a large part in the trial of Scholom Schwartzbard , who shot the former Ukrainian President Symon Petlyura in Paris in 1926 , and was scheduled as a defense witness.

Winawer was married and had three children, the radiologist Valentina Maximovna Vinaver Kremer (1895-1983), the literary historian and founder of the International Arthurian Society Eugène Vinaver (1899-1979) and the lawyer Sofia Maximovna Vinaver Grinberg (1904-1964), married to Leo Adolfowich Grinberg (1900-1981). Maxim Winawer was buried as Maxime Vinaver in the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris .

swell

• Maxim Moiseevich Vinaver (accessed August 19, 2015)
• Maxim Vinaver, Famous Russian Jewish Leader, Dies in Paris at 63 (accessed August 19, 2015)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Sépulture de la famille Vinaver (accessed on August 19, 2015)

Web links

Commons : Maxim Winawers Grab  - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files