Rent burden rate

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The rent burden rate is an economic key figure which shows the share of the apartment rent in the annual income of a private household .

General

Some key figures in the private financial planning and private liquidity calculation of individuals is essential. These include the debt service coverage ratio (affects loan interest and repayments on loans taken out ) and the rent burden ratio. The latter provides information on the financial burden on private households due to housing and shows the financial leeway for other spending purposes. Key Figures like these should indicate whether they mietbedingte private financing risks have that the risk of personal bankruptcy may present in itself. That is why the financial analysis examines certain groups of expenditure in order to determine their share of income .

The importance of the debt service coverage ratio increases when the interest rate rises with constant income . The rent burden ratio increases accordingly if apartment rents rise disproportionately to income growth due to a lack of housing .

Legal issues

Also the tenancy deals with the rental costs. A tense housing market within the meaning of Section 556d of the German Civil Code ( BGB) exists in particular when rents rise significantly more than the national average, the average rent burden on private households significantly exceeds the national average, and the resident population grows without the necessary living space being created by new construction or there is low vacancy when there is high demand .

calculation

The rent burden ratio is compared with the net income and the gross rent . The net income is available to the household after deducting all duties , taxes and contributions for compulsory insurance . The gross cold rent consists of the net cold rent and the cold ancillary costs (except heating and hot water costs ), taking into account any additional payments :

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The higher the rent burden rate increases with constant income, the more the financing risks increase and vice versa. As a result, the household can save less or has to reduce its consumer spending.

economic aspects

The acceptable rent burden rate is a maximum of 30% of the net income. Credit institutions base their credit checks and credit scorings on this rental burden rate . Quotas going beyond this represent an overload and mean a considerable financing risk for the private household, which limits the creditworthiness . If there is loss of income (lack of bonuses or awards , Kurzarbeitergeld or unemployment ) which Mietbelastungsquote increases and vice versa remaining constant gross Kaltmiete. This can result in arrears in rent and the termination of rental contracts .

The rent burden rate varies on the one hand with the size of the private household. A one-person household had to carry a quota of 31.1% in 2018, 2 people 23.3%, 3 people 23.1% and 4 people 22.6%. On the other hand, it is higher in metropolitan areas such as large cities than in rural areas. Changes in the living space and the quality of living also have an impact on the rent burden rate. In addition, low-income households tend to have higher rental rates.

statistics

A study of the housing conditions resulted in the following rent burden ratios for large German cities:

city Rent burden rate
in% (2014)
Rent burden rate
in% (2018)
Proportion of households
with a rent burden rate
of over 30%
Average rental rate 25.2 27.2
Berlin 30.3 43.8 44%
Bonn 30.3 45.5 45%
Bremen 29.1 47.5 48%
Bremerhaven 31.0 46.5 46%
Dusseldorf 29.2 38.8 45%
Frankfurt am Main 28.8 42.1
Freiburg in Breisgau 25.8 41.5
Hamburg 28.6 42.8
Cologne 31.0 48.4 46%
Munich 29.1 40.5
Neuss 30.1 49.0 50%
Offenbach am Main 28.7 45.6 44%

Changes in the rent burden rate also result from a change in the values ​​on which the rate is based. Düsseldorf, for example, had a rent burden rate that was almost 10 percentage points lower than Cologne in 2018, although the rent level in the two cities hardly differed. The reason is the income level ( per capita income ), which is higher in Düsseldorf than in Cologne.

International

Eurostat and OECD expect a maximum of portable Mietbelastungsquote ( English Housing Cost Burden ) of 40%. In overloading is ( English overburden ) before that only 40.9% in 2015 Greece had to show. This was followed by Finland (32%), the Netherlands and Norway (both 30%). While in Germany a little more than 20% of the population has to bear a rent burden rate of more than 40%, in Greece well over 80% of the population are overburdened. In 2018, particularly high rents were recorded in Paris (27.80 euros / m²), Oslo (25.30 euros / m²), Trondheim (21.30 euros / m²) and London (20.10 euros / m²). In London there is a corresponding rent burden rate of 45%.

Individual evidence

  1. Julian Stengel, actor-based simulation of the energetic modernization of the residential building stock in Germany , 2014, p. 102
  2. Federal Statistical Office, Income, Consumption and Living Conditions: Rent Burden Rate , May 2020
  3. Statista , rent burden rate of private households in Germany in 2018 by household size , 2020
  4. Helmut W. Jenkis (Ed.), Compendium of the Housing Industry , 1996, p. 193
  5. Andrej Holm / Stephan Junker, Working Paper I: Housing Conditions in Germany - An Analysis of the Social Situation in 77 Large Cities , 2019
  6. Statista of March 26, 2019, The rent burden is highest in these cities
  7. Eurostat, Housing costs - an excessive burden for 11% of Europeans , March 2017 , accessed on March 14, 2020
  8. OECD (Ed.), Affordable Housing Database , December 2019, p. 1
  9. ^ Stiftung Marktwirtschaft (Ed.), Living in the cul-de-sac? Holzwege, wrong ways, ways out , November 2019, p. 8