Mikoyan-Gurevich
Mikoyan ( Russian Микоян и Гуревич (МиГ , MiG ) , today Rossiskaja samoljotostroitjelnaja korporazija (RSK) "MiG" , German Russian Aircraft Corporation MiG , Russian Российская самолётостроительная корпорация "МиГ") is a Russian , formerly Soviet military aircraft manufacturers. The company specializes in the development and production of fighter aircraft .
Name and story
Mikoyan-Gurevich originally emerged as a development department within Nikolai Polikarpov's design office in the late 1930s. On December 25, 1939, it was spun off by government decree and housed under the direction of the Armenian Artyom Mikoyan and the Ukrainian Mikhail Gurevich and the designation OKO-1 in premises in the Moscow aircraft factory No. 1.
Series production of the first aircraft, the MiG-1 , began in 1941 and was relocated to Kuibyshev (now Samara ) in October of the same year because of the threat to Moscow from the German troops . In March 1942 the design office was separated from the factory and relocated back to Moscow. At the same time it was given the designation OKB-155 (experimental design office) MiG. The abbreviation MiG means “Mikoyan and Gurevich”, with the middle i being the Russian word for “and”. At the same time, the acronym MiG is also a play on words - the Russian word for moment or moment.
Tens of thousands of MiG military aircraft were produced during and after World War II .
Since the end of 2006, the company has been part of the newly founded Russian aviation consortium OAK .
Important types of aircraft
- MiG-1 , 1940, first production MiG aircraft, high altitude fighter
- MiG-3 , 1941, high altitude fighter, used in air defense during World War II
- MiG-9 , 1946, Developed from the prototype MiG I-300, this was MiG's first production jet
- MiG-15 , 1948, fighter plane, in the Korean War a . a. used against the F-86 Saber (number: approx. 18,000)
- MiG-17 , 1952, further development of the MiG-15, used in the Vietnam War
- MiG-19 , 1956, the first mass-produced supersonic MiG aircraft
- MiG-21 , 1959, mass-produced fighter aircraft (number: 10,352)
- MiG-23 , 1969, swing wing
- MiG-25 , 1966, a Mach 3 fast interceptor / reconnaissance aircraft
- MiG-27 , 1973, a ground attack aircraft developed from the MiG-23
- MiG-29 , 1983, the Federal Air Force took over two squadrons from the NVA after 1990
- MiG-31 , 1979, further development of the MiG-25
- MiG-35 , 1995, further development of the MiG-29M
Prototypes / small series
- MiG-5 (DIS-200), twin-engine heavy fighter aircraft from 1941/42
- I-211 (I-210 / MiG-9M-82), 1941, first attempt by MiG to use a radial engine . 5 copies
- I-230 (I-231), 1942, piston engine fighter
- A project series ( I-220 (A) / I-221 (2A) / I-222 (3A) / I-224 (4A) / I-225 (5A), piston engine hunters, 1943/44/45
- MiG-8 Utka ( duck ), duck plane from 1945
- MiG-13 , 1945, also MiG I-250 (N), fighter with mixed drive only approx. 50 copies were built
- I-270 , rocket plane, 1947
- I-320 , interceptor, 1949
- Je-8 , fighter prototype, 1962
- Je-166 , experimental fighter, 1959
- Je-266 record aircraft, 1963
- MiG-105 prototype space glider, 1965
- MiG-33 , unrealized project of a single-engine MiG-29 from the 1980s
- MiG 1.44 , 2000, now discontinued project of an air superiority fighter
- MiG-LMFS , project under development of a light multipurpose front-end aircraft
- MiG-Skat , UAV under development
- MiG-41 , an interceptor project under development
The type designation MiG is typically only used for series machines taken over into service. The designation of the prototypes or test machines (I-, E- etc.) is not standardized.
Odd numbers are typically used for the type designation of fighter aircraft / fighter bombers in Soviet / Russian aircraft construction, even numbers are reserved for bombers / transport aircraft.
Fictitious MiG constructions
- The "MiG-28" is a fictional aircraft that plays a role in the film Top Gun . Disguised F-5 Tiger IIs were used for the film work . The identifier was still used to a limited extent in books and other films.
- The "MiG-31" with the likewise fictitious NATO code Firefox plays an essential role in the film and book " Firefox " or "Firefox Down" with Clint Eastwood . At the time of the troop trials of the real MiG-31 , its fictional counterpart, a newly constructed, superior Soviet aircraft type with the speed of an SR-71 and the stealth properties of a then unknown F-117 Nighthawk, was hijacked by American forces. The models and dummies used in the film have no real role model, four air inlets, duck wings and a wedge-shaped cockpit that is far forward make for a rather aggressive look. Voice-activated missiles, ECM and suspected supercruise capabilities are among the more realistic predictions.
- Also pure fiction is a Soviet stealth bomber with the designation "MiG-37B" or the alleged NATO code Ferret-E , which was available as a model kit from Italeri . The "F-19" from the same company served as a fictional American counterpart. Since the real F-117 was still kept secret in the 1980s, targeted disinformation by the US Air Force and rumors may have spurred the model builders - a great similarity was apparently and unofficially confirmed in advertising and the press. The models have been reissued with minor variations by various manufacturers such as Revell and Testors . For the F-19 there is at least one computer game of the same name from the years 1987/88/90 by MicroProse for various types of home computers . The aircraft type can be found more often in books in a similar configuration or with different technical characteristics. Models with comparable stealth fiction from Monogram and Arii have a different shape and a rather fantastic character, and they are less known.
literature
- Rudolf Höfling: MiG aircraft since 1939 . Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-613-03335-1 .
- Karl-Heinz Eyermann : MiG aircraft . Transpress Verlag for Transport, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-344-00193-0 .
- Nikolai K. Subbotin: Piston engine fighter aircraft from OKB Mikoyan . In: Wolfgang Sellenthin (Ed.): Fliegerkalender der DDR 1981 . Military Publishing House of the GDR, Berlin 1980, p. 35-43 .
Web links
- The manufacturer's website (English)
- Russian Aviation Museum MiG Pages (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Encyclopedia Britannica Deluxe Edition 2004