Post mill Elsterwerda
| Elsterwerda post mill
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 General view of the reconstructed structure |
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| Location and history | ||
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| Coordinates | 51 ° 27 '33 " N , 13 ° 32' 39" E | |
| Location |
 Germany
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| Built | 1800 (um) | |
| Shut down | 1958 | |
| Status | Cultural monument | |
| technology | ||
| use | Museum, display system | |
| Grinder | Windmill system | |
| Wing type | Venetian blinds | |
| Website | Homepage of the Heimatverein Elsterwerda | |
The Elsterwerda post mill is a technical monument in the east industrial area of the Brandenburg city of Elsterwerda , in the immediate vicinity of the miniature and adventure park created in 2007 not far from the Black Elster . It is the last post mill surviving in the city . In the interior there is a display system with vessels, products and tools from everyday life in the mill.
Technical specifications
- Total height of the post mill: approx. 12 m
- Width of the mill building: 5 m
- Depth or length of the mill building: 6 m
- Weight of the mill: 30 t
- House tree: 5.5 m high
- Diameter of the house tree over the saddle: 650 mm
- House tree to the saddle: 760 mm
- Rod shaft:
- Weight: 3.2 t
- Length: 6400 mm
- Largest diameter: 600 mm
- Comb wheel diameter: 3470 mm
- Sterz length: 12 m
- Length of the windmill blades: 8 m
Weights of the millstones
- 2 floor stones: 200 kg each
- 2 runner stones: 300 kg each
- Millstones of Spitz Ganges : 75 kg
power
In very good wind conditions, the windmill blades generated an output of 10 to 20 HP , and half a ton of flour could be ground in eight hours of work . From 1918 the mill was driven by a 15 HP electric motor.
Structure of the post mill
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history
The Elsterwerda post mill was mentioned for the first time in 1804 and was located near the Gruhno community, which today belongs to Schönborn . In 1843, the owner of the Buschmühle near Doberlug, Johann Friedrich August Jentzsch, bought the mill and had it moved near the Buschmühle, where three post mills were already working.
On his journeyman walz , the miller Julius Jentzsch got to know and love Wilhelmine, the daughter of the Elsterwerda large gardener Karl Gottlob Gottschalk. On February 3, 1863, they both married in the Elsterwerda town church and then lived for three years in the Buschmühle. In 1866, at the request of homesick Wilhelmine, the mill was dismantled and set up on the field west of the town of Elsterwerda near the train station that was later built. At that time there was an open landscape around the mill, and the closest building was the shooting house and later the Hoppens society house.
At that time, four horse-drawn teams are said to have traveled 15 times each between Doberlug and Elsterwerda to transport the mill, dismantled into all its individual parts, to the new location. Twice a week these treks moved with the mill parts to Elsterwerda, each vehicle taking around seven hours to cover a distance, so that the transports dragged on for up to eight weeks. The topping-out ceremony was celebrated properly. After drinking a lot of alcohol , a kit worker climbed into the triangle of the mill and shouted:
- Heaven and earth pass, but I will always stand on my ladder!
He lost his balance and fell. But he got away with the horror. With the construction of the mill, a house was also built for the family on the site of the later locomotive shed. It was sold in 1880 to the Prussian-Saxon Railway, which used it for their employees to stay overnight. On June 11, 1892, lightning struck the mill, splitting a wing and causing damage within the structure. The resulting fire was quickly suppressed by the mill cap.
In 1897 the son Reinhold Jentzsch took over the mill, and a miller journeyman lived in it until around 1900. In 1905 Julius Jentzsch died in Elsterwerda at the age of 70. At the end of the First World War in 1918, a 10 kW electric motor was installed in the mill and technical modernizations were carried out at the same time. The wind blades, no longer needed and damaged by wind and weather over time, were removed. In 1919 the son Heinrich Berthold Jentzsch, born in 1896, inherited the mill; his only daughter, Ilse, died suddenly in 1942 at the age of 15.
On April 18, 1945, the mill caught fire when cannon hit by a low- flying aircraft attack . Railroad workers who came to the rescue quickly put out the fire. The mill also survived the bombing raid on the following day, to which the nearby engine shed fell victim. In 1958 the mill was stopped and no longer used. In the following years it fell apart more and more. In 1970 Berthold Jentzsch sold the property.
First attempts to preserve the post mill began in the 1970s. But only after the fall of the wall did the project move. In 1990 Heimatfreunde wrote a letter to the district monument curator to ask for funds for the reconstruction. Since the mill stood in the way of the owner of the property for a construction project, there was a contract between him and the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft Nature Park , which wanted to move the mill to Plessa by April 1992 . The project failed, however, so that the mill was sold to Golßen in May 1992 .
A letter of protest from the Heimatverein Elsterwerda to the ministry was then successful, and the mill remained in Elsterwerda for reasons of monument protection . In the same year the Mühle interest group was founded, donation lists were laid out and a donation account set up. A new location was finally found near the Furtbrückenwiese, where Horst Kögler agreed to make his land available as a new location. There was a moment of horror on November 20, 1997 when a tank wagon train derailed and exploded at the neighboring station . The locomotive shed built on the site of the former residential building of the mill fortunately acted like a protective shield for the mill and the nearby apartment blocks, but was badly damaged in the fire and later had to be demolished.
On 27 June 2000 the issued district administrator of the district Elbe-Elster permission to implement the post mill, and the mill was removed piece by piece. All still usable parts were registered and stored in different places. In 2002 the requested funding was approved and the mill was rebuilt at the new location by the DDK company from Haida . From November 2002 the construction pit for the base plate was dug and a four-meter-high concrete cross was poured, which was necessary for groundwater maintenance reasons, on which the post mill was placed. The mill builder Düntzsch from Riesa manufactured four new wind blades . The topping-out ceremony took place on August 15, 2003 , and the mill was handed over to the Heimatverein for use and maintenance on March 20, 2004.
Exhibition of historical agricultural implements
The Kögler family's field barn next to the mill was converted into a small farm museum. It houses historical agricultural implements, which can be viewed or demonstrated on request.
Adventure and miniature park Elsterwerda
In the immediate vicinity opened on April 6, 2007 next to the windmill of 30,000 m 2 large experience and miniature park Elsterwerda , offering a next to scale miniatures of area attractions Rosarium with about 500 different varieties of roses, a 400 m 2 large LGB garden railway conditioning, 680 m long park railway with 7¼ inch gauge, a mini Lausitzring with a 170 m long racing track for model cars, adventure knight castle and the like. v. m. The now very numerous models of Lusatian buildings and parks are often made by participants from job center measures or they are gifts from sponsors.
Tourist connection
Elsterwerda is located on federal highways 101 and 169, as well as on the railway lines Ruhland - Falkenberg / Elster , Dresden - Berlin and Elsterwerda - Riesa . Several cycle paths connect the post mill with the sights in the surrounding area, the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park and the neighboring Schradenland . With the Tour Brandenburg , which opened in 2007, Germany's longest long-distance cycle route, at 1,111 kilometers, also leads through the city. Other cycle routes are the Fürst-Pückler-Weg , the 108 km long Schwarze-Elster-Radweg and the coal-wind & water route, opened in 2007 , a 250 km long energy historical foray with 14 stations through the Elbe-Elster-Land.
Former mills in today's urban area of Elsterwerda
- City of Elsterwerda
- In addition to the post mill, there is said to have been a mill from Heinrich & Klotsche, which was still in operation after the Second World War and was shut down in the late 1950s. There was also Fritz Täschner's oil mill here.
- In 1764 three watermills are mentioned here as part of the Elsterwerdas chamber estate . The upper, middle and lower mill are said to have had 4 courses each. The upper mill is said to have had the largest overshot mill wheel in the province of Saxony with a diameter of 12 m .
- The village is said to have had a water mill with an overshot water wheel until after the Second World War.
- There was also a windmill here.
- Around 1900 the place had a post mill, which worked as a hammer mill and was moved to Mückenberg in 1949 .
literature
- Brochure Cycle Tour Coal-Wind & Water-An Energy-Historical Foray , published: Landkreis Elbe-Elster, 2007 PDF file
Web links
- Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg
- Adventure and Miniature Park Elsterwerda - Homepage
- Adventure and Miniature Park Elsterwerda - overview map of the site (PDF file; 302 kB)
Footnotes
- ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Elbe-Elster district (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
- ↑ Information sheet of the Heimatverein Elsterwerda e. V. To the post mill
- ↑ Werner Horn: From the life of the last Elsterwerda post mill . In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde e. V. Bad Liebenwerda (Ed.): Local calendar for the country between Elbe and Elster 2004/2005 . 2004, p. 275-284 .
- ↑ Even more "Lausitz" in Elsterwerda , Lausitzer Rundschau , September 9, 2015, accessed on May 20, 2020.
- ↑ www.reiseland-brandenburg.de ( Memento of the original from April 19, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The Black Elster Cycle Path on magicmaps
- ↑ Brochure Cycle Tour Coal-Wind & Water-An energy historical foray , published: Landkreis Elbe-Elster, 2006 (online as PDF file; 8.4 MB)
- ↑ Manfred Woitzik: "First come - first serve" a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg, S. 121 .
- ↑ Manfred Woitzik: "First come - first serve" a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg, S. 120 .
- ↑ Manfred Woitzik: "First come - first serve" a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg, S. 124 .
- ↑ Manfred Woitzik: "First come - first serve" a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg, S. 144 .
- ↑ Manfred Woitzik: "First come - first serve" a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg, S. 125 .
