Biehla (Elsterwerda)

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Biehla
City of Elsterwerda
Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ′ 20 ″  N , 13 ° 30 ′ 23 ″  E
Height : 98 m above sea level NHN
Incorporation : April 1, 1940
Postal code : 04910
Area code : 03533
Biehla (Elsterwerda) (Brandenburg)
Reddot.svg
Location of Biehla in the state of Brandenburg

Biehla is a district of the small town of Elsterwerda in southern Brandenburg in the Elbe-Elster district . It is located in the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park on the north-western border of the Schraden , a lowland area of ​​the Schwarze Elster river . The name was first mentioned in a document in 1247.

On the southern slope of the Güterbank, a 153-meter-high elevation between Biehla and the Kraupa district, wine was traditionally grown until the middle of the 19th century. Later on, forest nurseries settled in Biehla in addition to traditional agriculture. With the commissioning of the Kohlfurt – Falkenberg / Elster and Berlin – Dresden railway lines, which crossed in the district in 1874 and 1875 , the industrialization of the place began and the population rose sharply. In 1940 Biehla was incorporated into the neighboring town of Elsterwerda.

On the northern Winterberg is 140  m above sea level. NN a water tower built between 1913 and 1914 and visible as far as the lowlands of the Black Elster , the facade of which was designed according to the model of the Leipzig Völkerschlachtdenkmal . In addition to the water supply, it should also serve as a landmark of the place. Another building that characterizes the townscape is the listed bell tower from 1862 in the center of the district.

geography

General map of Elsterwerda

Geographical location and natural space

The district of Biehla, which was incorporated in 1940, is located in the northwestern urban area of ​​Elsterwerda at the intersection of the Berlin-Dresden and Węgliniec-Falkenberg / Elster railway lines on the northwestern border of the Schraden , a 15,000-hectare lowland area in the Breslau-Magdeburg glacial valley .

The goods bank belonging to the Hohenleipisch-Plessa terminal moraine rises in the north . This is 153  m above sea level. NN the highest elevation on the right side of the Black Elster and in the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park , which covers an area of ​​484 square kilometers in the Elbe-Elster district and in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district. Together with the Val Gardena-Ortrander terminal moraine, to which Brandenburg's highest topographic elevation, the Heidehöhe , belongs, it forms the narrowest point of the glacial valley with an extension of seven kilometers between Elsterwerda in the north and Merzdorf in the south.

climate

Like the entire city of Elsterwerda, the Biehla district is located in the so-called Schwarze-Elster district of the inland climate. However, a transition to the continental climate is noticeable. The regional climatic elements are less pronounced and are mainly determined by the peculiarities of the east-west oriented relief of the Breslau-Magdeburg glacial valley and the mountain ranges of the terminal moraines that border it in the north and south. The Hohenleipisch-Plessaer terminal moraine, which also includes the freight bank north of Biehla, has a certain rain shadow effect on the lowland areas of the Schwarzen Elster south of it.

The month with the least precipitation is February, the wettest July. The mean annual air temperature is 8.5 ° C at the Doberlug-Kirchhain weather station about 20 kilometers northeast. The difference between the coldest month of January and the warmest month of July is 18.4 ° C.

Average monthly rainfall for Elsterwerda from 1951 to 1980
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Precipitation ( mm ) 37 33 34 45 54 70 72 66 48 49 41 48 Σ 597
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		37
33
34
45
54
70
72
66
48
49
41
48
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden. Böhlau, 2001, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 , p. 14.

history

Early local history

The Breite Strasse in the historic center of Biehla

Biehla owes its name to the Old Sorbian běl , which means something like white or shiny and possibly refers to the elevation in the north ( Běla gora → bright, light mountain).

The earliest settlement finds in the Biehla district date from the Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages . There were flint chisels found a Webgewichtes and remains of Bronze and Iron Age settlement pottery, like the shards of a Siebgefäßes, as well as a fragment. The field name Ahle Biehle , northwest of the town , indicates a possible relocation in the Middle Ages.

The first mention of the place took place in 1406 in the country prayers of the office Grossenhain as Bele . At that time the place had 17 hooves . Due to the Slavic origin of the name, it is believed that the place was founded by Sorbs . In 1672 the name Piehla and Biehla appeared in the church visit reports of the Ephorias Elsterwerda and Liebenwerda .

The lords of Biehla sat on the estate in Krauschütz . The place went through a similar history of the ruling families as the other villages of the Elsterwerda rule . From 1312 to 1512 these were the lords of the von Köckritz family , followed by the Duke of Saxony George the Bearded and in 1529 the von Maltitz family . Even after the dominion was divided in 1611 and part of it passed into the possession of the von Rohr family, Biehla initially remained with the previous owners, who sat on the estate in Kotschka in 1688 .

The Thirty Years' War , which began in 1618, severely affected the towns in the Elbe-Elster region . Already in 1631 was Imperial - Habsburg General Rudolf von Tiefenbach with 15,000 men by the Lower Lausitz drawn and reached on 16 August, the Elsterwerdaer dominion. In 1637 it was the troops of the Swedish general Johan Banér who moved into their winter quarters in Torgau until early summer and plundered the places in the region as far as the Schraden and set them on fire. On April 12, 1641, troops of the Swedish general Carl Gustav Wrangel devastated Elsterwerda, Biehla and Krauschütz. Since then, six courtyards have lay desolate in Biehla . In 1643 the cavalry of the Swede Lennart Torstensson took quarters in Elsterwerda and on June 15, 1653 von Biehla said: "It has been completely devastated by the war and has become a wasteland." From 1669 to 1691 the village could not pay taxes. The reasons for this were varied. In 1669 the cause was total cattle death. In 1670/71 and 1680 there were heavy floods of the Black Elster that hit the place. In 1673 the mice were eaten at harvest time and in 1677 a great drought caused hardship. Since seizures failed again and again due to the poverty of the place, the village was finally released from tax debts.

Mills and viticulture

Güterbank - in the foreground the Biehlaer Winterberg with the water tower and the buildings of the former restaurant
Woldemar Freiherr von Löwendal (1660–1740)

In the north of the district there is an elevation, the goods bank . The Biehlaer Dorfgraben (Doge), whose water was used to drive the mill, rises slightly above the village. The Ohbermoller and the Nyder Moller in Biehla were mentioned as early as 1530 . In 1764 there were three watermills in the village as part of the Elsterwerda Chamber Estate , the upper, middle and lower mill. Two of the mills were operated with one gear , another with two gears. The upper mill is said to have had the largest overshot mill wheel in the province of Saxony with a diameter of twelve meters . In order to ensure an even outflow for the mill operation, the water was dammed in ponds, which were also used for fish farming. A fourth mill was located northwest of the village on Haidaer Straße.

The southern slopes of the mountain face the valley of the Black Elster, which is why they were once a traditional location for viticulture. The cultivation of wine there is documented well into the 16th century. The proverb "Biehlscher Wein and Heedscher Most pull your mouth from West to East" has been preserved in the area up to the present day .

The Elsterwerdaer rule owned a vineyard of 17 Morning size on the Winter Mountain, which at that time the White Mountain or the Sandberg called, and there were about 42,000 vines . There were also wine cellars and two wine presses on the mountainside. There was also a pentagonal pleasure palace belonging to the rule of Maltitz . The peasants themselves possessed east of Kraupaer Street also an extensive 14 acre vineyard with 33,983 vines in April of 1820. From a Erbrezess of Erasmus of Maltitz of the year 1699 shows which Hofdienste this demanded for the erbherrlichen vineyard of the Biehlaern.

"18 Hüfner zu Biehle owed to bring any 30 Füdergen things into the vineyard, they get 12 silver groschen annually from the rulership for such a mention ."
"During the grape harvest, the Biehlaer Hüfner have to bring the required Krauschütz wine vessels to the wine press, as well as to bring the rulers back on the festive days and bring them home again in the evening."

Baron Woldemar von Löwendal , who acquired the Elsterwerda Castle and the associated territory in 1708 , demanded that the farmers work on the estate until 11 p.m. That's why they sued him at the court in Dresden . The court set the daily labor services at the usual times from sunrise to sunset . The landlord also had to pay for the required free wage transport in future. Years later, the nobleman ran into financial difficulties and so the Biehla farmer Hans Richter succeeded in breaking into the constraints of fiefdom for the first time in 1724. He bought the Wintzer garden with the Mittelmühle in Biehla from Löwendal on the condition that the landlord release the buyer from all compulsory labor on the purchased property and expressly revoke the feudal sovereignty over it. In this way the first vacant farm position was created in Biehla.

At the insistence of his creditors, von Löwendal finally had to have his property in Elsterwerda with all accessories publicly foreclosed on March 20, 1727 in front of the office in Dresden. The highest bidder of the Saxon Elector Augustus the Strong thus also became Lord of Biehla. He gave the property to his daughter-in-law Maria Josepha of Austria , the wife of the later King August III. from Poland .

Biehla's white horse

Former municipal seal of Biehla

A legend has survived from the time of the Wars of Liberation (1813-1815), with which the Biehla people have had a special relationship ever since. Especially in the run-up to the Leipzig Battle of the Nations , the fighting in the region was felt by huge troop movements. The population suffered from high taxes and compulsory billeting. When the demands became unbearable, the Biehlaer sent guards in order to be warned in good time if danger was approaching. In this way, children, women and cattle could be hidden in a nearby marshland , known as Kühfurt , which was overgrown with dense alder and willow bushes and whose access was only known to local people.

Of all the horses in the village, only the white horse of the local judge's wife was left at the end of the war. The joy that at least this one animal survived was so great that it later found its way into the local seal of Biehla as a heraldic animal.

As a result of the regulations of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the place came from the Kingdom of Saxony to the administrative district of Merseburg of the Prussian province of Saxony . Soon afterwards, in 1825, the villages were freed from court and tension services. At that time, Biehla had a district size of 2457 acres , of which 397 were common land  for the jointly operated ox, cow and horse herding. With the separation , the communal property was divided and each inhabitant was entitled to a certain number of animals depending on the property. The herd at that time consisted of 38 horses, 299 head of cattle, 550 sheep and 46 pigs.

Nursery fields in Biehla
Berliner Strasse in the Winterberg area

Biehla viticulture, however, declined more and more in the 19th century and lost its importance, as it was no longer worthwhile for the winemakers due to drastic yield losses. In 1859, a gross wine must profit of 433 buckets was achieved on the Biehlaer surfaces ; two years later, however, only 47. The regulation of the Black Elster from 1852 to 1861 probably played a major role, as the countless rivers, pools and swamps of the Elster foreland disappeared. The vines lacked the dew and fog that the unregulated Elsterstrom caused to rise.

At the end of the 19th century, tree nurseries began to be established in Biehla alongside traditional agriculture . As in neighboring Haida, the cultivation of forest plants has a long tradition and so the areas used accordingly can often be found in the lowlands of the Black Elster. Eduard Schmidt (1861–1955) from Haida moved to Biehla after his marriage around 1880, where he founded the local forestry plant. In addition, Schmidt worked as a broom-maker and sold linseed oil, as the income from plant cultivation was insufficient for a living. Around 1902 another Haidaer settled in Biehla through marriage, Gustav Schmidt, nephew of Eduard Schmidt, who also specialized in forest plant cultivation. He became one of the most successful, wealthy and well-known plant breeders in the district, who continuously expanded his cultivation area by buying additional fields.

Industrialization

Bicycle production in Elfa around 1906
Biehla district seen from the east

The federal road 101 leads through Biehla . The section in the area of ​​the village was expanded in 1827 with straightening the route over the Biehlaer Winterberg at a cost of 9,000 thalers. The Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. personally approved the construction of the road after he had to leave his carriage several times in the same year on the way to Teplitz at the nearby goods bank due to the poor road conditions. The road used by Schnellpost three times a week was the most important road connection between the capital of Berlin and Dresden until the construction of the 113 motorway in 1935.

In the middle of the nineteenth century industrialization began in Biehla as well . On November 20, 1868, the mining authority approved the opening of the Robert lignite mine northeast of the Biehlaer locality on the road from Elsterwerda to Liebenwerda. The coal was first extracted there in civil engineering. 15 miners extracted 1500 tons of brown coal annually . After the coal had been increasingly extracted in open-cast mining from 1880/81, the subsequent decline in production was stopped in 1886.

With the construction of the Upper Lusatian Railway from Kohlfurt via Biehla to Falkenberg in 1874 and the opening of the Berlin-Dresden and Elsterwerda-Riesa Railway a year later, the place became an important traffic junction. In the following years there were industrial settlements and the population of the place increased significantly. While the locations of the companies were primarily in the area of ​​Berliner Straße, residential developments developed mainly along Haidaer Straße. In 1913 the five largest industrial companies in the town employed more workers than the companies in the neighboring town of Elsterwerda. The largest at that time was an earthenware factory , the production of which began on January 25, 1900. With 388 employees, it was one of the most important employers in the area. The second largest company was the Elsterwerdaer Fahrradfabrik (Elfa), founded in 1894 by Carl Wilhelm Reichenbach with foreman Springer from Lauchhammer , which employed 200 workers in 1914 and also manufactured motorcycles from 1928. Other larger companies were Germania-Sandwerke (57 employees), the Oskar Lorenz screw factory (66) and the Phenicia-Werke (61), which produced metal screws, nuts and molded parts. In addition, numerous craft and retail businesses settled in the village. At times there were up to twenty-five grocery stores in Biehla.

time of the nationalsocialism

After the NSDAP came to power , a swastika covered with light bulbs was installed on the top of the Biehla water tower . On April 1, 1940, Biehla, whose population had meanwhile grown to 2568, was forcibly incorporated into Elsterwerda together with Krauschütz . The Second World War , which began six months earlier , also had an impact on life in Biehla. As in the First World War , many of the local companies had to switch their production to armaments. So put the Elfa. , which employed around 500 workers at the beginning of the war, including rifle locks, bottom fuses and light assault rifles. Soon prisoners of war were also used in the factories, who had to replace the workers called up for military service. In the earthenware factory alone, up to 70 prisoners of war from France and the Soviet Union worked , who lived separately according to their nationality in barracks on the company premises. Among them were inmates of the Wehrmacht POW camp , Stalag IV-B near Mühlberg . A hospital was set up in the Winterberg restaurant.

In the last days of the Second World War, the city was hit by a major attack by 137 American B-17 bombers on April 19, 1945 , which was mainly aimed at the railway systems. The Biehla marshalling yard and the factories in its immediate vicinity, such as the Elfa and the metal screw factory Phenicia and the Hotel Elfa on Berliner Strasse, fell almost completely victim to him.

From the post-war period to German reunification

Former large bakery
The former IMPULSA administration building on Berliner Strasse

After the war, the earthenware factory, which had survived the war almost undamaged, was placed under Soviet administration. The Soviet occupation forces dismantled the facilities by March 1946 and transported them in two transport trains. Nevertheless, the company, which was initially returned to the owner, resumed production in autumn 1947 with 40 workers. The destroyed during the war Elsterwerdaer bicycle factory (ELFA) was measured immediately after the war, state-owned company . First hand trucks and small wagons were made in the ruins . From 1953, the company specialized in the production of systems for milk production, such as stable milking systems and rotary milking parlors , and became the largest employer in the city and the former district of Bad Liebenwerda . A milestone during this time was the development of the first rotary milking parlor and its commissioning in 1969. On January 1, 1970, ELFA became the lead company of VEB Kombinat Impulsa .

From the 1950s onwards there were increased efforts in the GDR to collectivize and industrialize the individual peasant farms, whereby considerable pressure was not infrequently exerted. In December 1959, the LPG Grüne Heide was founded in Biehla , specializing in forest plant cultivation. Initially, 22 hectares of arable land were cultivated. In 1961 this had grown to 33 hectares and later to about 40 hectares. Other farms located in Biehla were the LPG Vorwärts , which was founded from local farms and cultivated around 215 hectares of usable area, as well as the GPG Elsterrose with around 20 hectares of cultivation area.

On July 1, 1965, a large consumer bakery started production on Biehlaer Lutzweg immediately north of Biehlaer Bahnhof . In the 1970s, the company produced 8,000 loaves of bread, 70,000 rolls and 4 tons of confectionery for six districts in the area.

After the growing volume of traffic in Elsterwerda and the simultaneous increase in freight traffic on the railway lines crossing there led to more and more problems in the 1970s, it became necessary to build a new road that led traffic on trunk road 101 around the district and thus in front of it especially the city center of Elsterwerda and the also badly affected Biehla relieved. The road and a bridge spanning the Dresden – Berlin railway line were opened on June 30, 1978.

Recent past

After the political change , the agricultural cooperatives were dissolved again and the land was again farmed by private companies. In addition, most of the district's state-owned enterprises were privatized. Many of them were able to continue their production under the conditions of the social market economy . Others, such as the large consumer bakery or the ELSTA sand-lime brick plant , founded in 1910 under the name Oberlausitzer Kies- und Sandwerke GmbH (OKS), went bankrupt in the period that followed. Initially, this also applied to the earthenware factory. After the company was privatized by the Treuhand in 1994 , extensive modernization of the facilities began. After several changes of ownership and the gradual reduction of the staff, however, these were finally dismantled at the beginning of the new millennium and the company finally shut down. A large part of the former production area has been owned by the packaging manufacturer Gizeh since 2007 . The successor company of ELFA is IMPULSA AG , founded in 1990 by the Treuhandanstalt , whose headquarters are now in the Elsterwerda industrial area-east.

Population development

Population development in Biehla from
1827 to 1952

In 1764 the place owned 20 ½ Hufen with a one and a half Hüfner, a one and a quarter Hüfner, fifteen One Huefner, one Half Hüfner, three quarter Hüfner, two watermills with one gear, one watermill with two gears and six other pieces of land . In addition, a hoof and a half was desolate. In 1827 there were 38 houses and 220 residents. In 1835 the population with 38 houses, 247 inhabitants, 26 horses, 163 cattle and 15 pigs did not increase significantly. In the middle of the 19th century, with the brown coal mining, the industrialization of the place gradually began. In 1864 Biehla owned fifty-six built plots, a one-and-a-half hoof estate, twelve single-hoofed estates, one remaining hoofed estate, three remaining estates, three half-hoofed estates, two garden estates and twenty-two cottagers. There was also a winegrower's house, four vineyard lots and a shepherd's house with a stable.

With the commissioning of the railway lines and the establishment of the first industrial plants at the turn of the century, the number of inhabitants in Biehla increased, which more than quintupled within a few decades from 500 inhabitants in 1890 to 2273 in 1933 and 2565 in 1939. In 1952 the number of residents of Biehla had risen to 2,941.

Culture and sights

Leisure and culture

Parade to the Biehla school festival around 1960
Logo of the "SV Preußen Biehla"

The club life in Biehla has a long tradition. Associations that have long since disappeared, such as the warrior association or the military association, which in 1893 planted a now replaced peace oak on the bell tower, left their mark. Around 1926/27 the population register recorded 18 clubs.

One of the oldest was the traditional sports club “SV Preußen Biehla”, founded in 1909, with its football , bowling, volleyball and gymnastics divisions. In 1951 the name was changed to " BSG Motor Elsterwerda-Biehla". In 1974 the club joined forces with the BSG Lokomotive Elsterwerda to form " TSG Elsterwerda 74 ", which was able to establish itself permanently in the district league in the 1980s and become district league champion in the 1983/84 season. In addition, she won the soccer district cup in 1984. After the dissolution of TSG, the club was re-established in 1990, which in 2011 merged with “SV Elster 08 Elsterwerda” to form “ SV Preußen Elsterwerda ”.

The “Funkengarde und Heimatverein Biehla e. V. ”and the small animal breeders association“ Elsterperle ”founded in 1904, which has had its club premises on the Winterberg since 1972. The district's volunteer fire department was founded in 1891. As Fire Brigade II of the Elsterwerda Volunteer Fire Brigade, it currently has two fire engines, a fire fighting vehicle and a team transport vehicle. Your location is in the immediate vicinity of the Biehla primary school center. The “Europäische Integration Brandenburg e. V. "in the Berliner Straße operated youth and leisure center" Elsterdom "no longer exists since 2009.

One of the annual highlights in June is the Biehla School and Home Festival (sports festival) at the elementary school , which used to be traditionally opened with a parade. Since 1993, the residents of Biehla have been meeting on Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. at the bell tower for a Christmas concert.

History of the district can be seen in the Bad Liebenwerda district museum , where a permanent exhibition on the regional history of the Elbe-Elster area particularly looks at Biehla viticulture. The "Mu (h) seum" is located on the premises of IMPULSA AG in the Elsterwerda industrial park east. The history of Elfa and its successor, IMPULSA, is presented here on around 130 square meters of exhibition space .

The winter mountain

Biehlaer Winterberg

The Winterberg is located north of the Węgliniec – Falkenberg / Elster railway line. It belongs to the ridge of the Güterbank and, in good weather, offers an excellent view of the lowlands of the Black Elster and the Elbe from its hill. The mountain was named around 1901 by the innkeeper Ernst Winter, who opened a well-frequented restaurant here on January 2nd, 1902. The later innkeeper Knoll had a dance hall built, which at the time was the largest of its kind in the Liebenwerda district. Together with the water tower built in the neighborhood in 1913, the area also became popular with regional artists, who captured the ensemble in numerous pictures.

In April 1945, at the end of the Second World War, the restaurant fell victim to an arson which burned down all the buildings. In 1961 the Christ Church was inaugurated a little below the water tower. In the same year, the area of ​​the former Winterberg restaurant with the remains of the building was acquired by the city of Elsterwerda. In the following period, a new economy was built on the site as part of the national reconstruction project , which was opened in July 1964 and operated by the food chain Konsum . After the political change, however, the gastronomic use of the complex ended, which has since been privately owned again.

In 2011 the Winterberg is still used for local recreation . Around the water tower there is a nature trail, several benches and a raised bed.

Buildings

Memorial at the Biehlaer Bergfriedhof in honor of deceased prisoners of war

The district has a number of buildings that characterize the townscape, four of which are listed in the Brandenburg State Monuments List. Contemporary witnesses of Biehla's long industrial history include the Impulsa office building on Berliner Straße, built in 1972 and now in poor condition after two decades of vacancy , the remaining production buildings of the stoneware factory on Saathainer Straße and the former large consumer bakery on Lutzweg (which was built around 1950 The large administration building of the consumer cooperative , also built on Lutzweg, was demolished after 2005).

A technical structure, observation tower and monument at the same time is the water tower on the Biehlaer Winterberg , which is located 140 m above sea ​​level and is visible from afar . It was built in 1913 and put into operation the following year. Its capacity is 90 m³. It owes its peculiar architecture to the patriotic attitude of its Biehla building owners at the time, who created a silhouette similar to the Völkerschlachtdenkmal in Leipzig .

The Biehla bell tower is located in the center of the district . After the cemetery at Schulberg was inaugurated by Superintendent Klewitz in 1860 , the desire arose to buy a bell. On July 20, 1862, she was finally brought to Biehla. Here it was hung in the tower built by master builder Dietrich in the same year and consecrated on November 3, 1862 for the parish festival by Pastor Klewitz. The bell survived the First World War , but was removed at the beginning of the Second World War and melted down for war purposes. From 1948 there was a new bell cast in Apolda . However, this was removed again in 1963 and installed in the tower of the cemetery chapel.

Another monument is the Protestant Christ Church on the Winterberg. The foundation stone of the building made of red Meißner granite was laid on July 3, 1955. It was consecrated on December 3, 1961 by the Magdeburg Bishop Johannes Jänicke . The costs amounted to 300,000 DM , of which 130,000 DM were raised through donations. A former transformer house on Saathainer Straße is also a listed building.

The Biehlaer station building with the adjoining goods handling was built at the end of the 19th century by the Elsterwerda master builder Friedrich Jage from Silesian clinker masonry . At first, the station was called Oberlausitzer Bahnhof , as it was operated by the Oberlausitzer Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft . It was later renamed Elsterwerda-Biehla . The station complex also includes a water tower that has been preserved to the present day and has a capacity of 50 m³. In the immediate vicinity of the train station, the Biehla stop was located below the crossing structure on the Berlin – Dresden railway line . It was shut down in 1962. A short time later, the level crossing to the Schleinitzweg settlement was also closed .

Monuments

In the cemetery there is a memorial in the form of a stele with the names of sixty-five Biehla residents who died in the First World War or who have been missing since then. There is also a memorial made of Polish sandstone to commemorate the seventeen Polish prisoners of war who died in the military hospital on Winterberg during the Second World War. The memorial created by the Elsterwerda stonemason with the inscriptions “We forgive and ask for forgiveness” and “In memory of the Polish prisoners of war who died in the military hospital on Winterberg and the victims of war from all nations” was erected in November 2009 and in the presence of several public ones Representative as well as the envoy of the Polish ambassador to Germany, Dr. Zbigniew Zareba was blessed by the Protestant pastor Kersten Spantig, his Catholic brother Herbert Nowak and the Polish Honorary Bishop Grzegorz Karolak.

Economy and Infrastructure

Elsterwerda-West industrial and commercial park
Commercial area north

Biehla has a long tradition as an industrial and commercial location. The district is located on Bundesstraße 101 . In addition, the two railway lines Berlin-Dresden and Węgliniec-Falkenberg / Elster cross here , where the Biehla train station and the 15 hectare Elsterwerda-Nord industrial area are also located. Furthermore, the 58 hectare industrial and commercial park Elsterwerda-West is located in Biehla , which is connected to the Elsterwerda train station by a siding. A biomass cogeneration plant belonging to the Expo 2000 climate protection region Elbe-Elster project is located here , a number of industrial companies and other medium-sized companies from trade, craft and the forwarding industry have settled here. Immediately northeast of Biehla on the B 101 there is another 27 hectare industrial area, which already belongs to the Haida district of the neighboring municipality of Röderland .

Companies based in Biehla include the packaging manufacturer Gizeh with its headquarters in Bergneustadt in North Rhine-Westphalia and a branch in the Elsterwerda industrial area-east. The company is located on the site of the former earthenware factory, which it currently uses mainly for PET bottle production and as storage space. With BOSIG Baukunststoffe GmbH , another plastics specialist has settled in Industrie- und Gewerbepark-West . At the Elsterwerda site, he produces large-format plastic sheets made of polyurethane and epoxy resins. There is also a branch of the hydraulic service provider Hansa-Flex AG in the immediate vicinity .

The site of the former large-scale consumer bakery is now the seat of a machine trading company. In the north industrial area, among others, the production sites of Stahl- und Metallbau GmbH Eichler and Präzisionsmechanik GmbH can be found. On the 25,000 square meter site of the former screw factory in Berliner Straße, the Ennepetal company August Vormann GmbH & Co. KG has been producing hinges, building fittings and wood connectors since 1992 . The Winterberg house has also been located on Berliner Straße at the confluence with Saathainer Straße since 2002 . a home for the disabled of the German Red Cross .

Holiday rooms and apartments are available from private providers. Gastronomic facilities can be found with Teschner's Gasthof Am Glockenturm in Haidaer Straße and the restaurant Herr K in Breiten Straße. In addition to a beer garden , both also offer overnight accommodation. A bowling alley can also be used at Mr K's .

education

Roll call in front of the new school building around 1960
Primary school center Biehla

Until 1843 Biehla belonged to the Elsterwerda school and parish district. On October 17, 1889, a school building built by the Elsterwerda master builder Friedrich Jage was inaugurated on Haidaer Strasse . Until it opened, the Biehla School was located below today's mountain cemetery, which was originally laid out in 1860 on the so-called Schulberg.

Since the premises were no longer sufficient due to the steady population growth in Elsterwerda in the 1950s , a three-storey new building designed by Torgau architect Max Heide was built in three construction phases from 1958 to 1961 in the immediate vicinity . The original plan to erect the building on a different site had failed because of groundwater problems. The skeleton-type building was one of the last schools in the GDR to be developed and implemented as an independent design by an architectural office . The foundation stone of the school was laid on April 14, 1958. After its opening on September 1, 1959, it was given the status of a polytechnic high school , which was introduced in 1959 after a reform of the education system in the GDR. While mainly the younger classes were taught in the old school building and the school kitchen found its place, the older classes were housed in the new building. The school complex was expanded to include a gymnasium and auditorium , a teaching pool (1968), a multi-purpose building (1978) and a school garden , which was initially located on Schmaler Weg in the area of ​​today's apartment block and in the 1980s in the immediate vicinity of the gym and multi-purpose building was relocated. The catchment area of ​​the school included the villages of Kraupa, Saathain, Würdenhain and Haida, whose village schools were dissolved over time. In addition, the pupils of today's Elsterwerda-West district were initially enrolled there, but after the further growth of the residential area in 1968 they got their own school.

In 1991 the POS , which had been named after the KPD politician Edgar André who had been murdered by the National Socialists since 1960 , was converted into a secondary school. The primary school was in the older building on Haidaer Strasse. Immediately after the closure of the Realschule, a primary school center was created in 2006 through a merger of the primary schools on Schlossplatz. The school building in Mittelstrasse was subjected to extensive renovation work and on November 28, 2006 a new gymnasium was inaugurated. On January 29, 2008 the primary school was named after the musician Friedrich Starke , who was born in Elsterwerda .

Department 2 of the Elbe-Elster Upper School Center is located on Berliner Straße . The metal technology area is trained here . The building erected in 1976 was originally the Polytechnic Center of the city of Elsterwerda. The school subjects Introduction to Socialist Production (ESP) and Productive Work (PA) were taught here. It was also used as an office building by the VEB screw factory Elsterwerda , to whose operation it belonged before the fall of the Wall . In 1991 it was taken over by the Elbe-Elster district , which has since used it as a school.

There are further opportunities for training and further education in Biehla in Saathainer Straße, where the educational institution bam GmbH is located. In addition, the non-profit association for the promotion of vocational education and training can be found in the district.

The day care center Rasselbande is located in Karlstraße .

Personalities

Industrialists, business people and tree nursery owners in particular left their mark on Biehla. Some of their industrial buildings, commercial buildings and villas have been preserved to the present day. One of the most important was the entrepreneur Carl Wilhelm Reichenbach (1860–1937). The son of a linen weaver , who was born in Dobra , opened a "cut goods store", a fabric trade, around 1890 after completing a commercial apprenticeship in his parents' company in downtown Elsterwerda. He also traded in bicycles and was a representative of the Brennaborwerke . In 1894 he finally founded a small bicycle workshop together with foreman Springer at the Biehlaer Oberlausitzer Bahnhof, from which the Elsterwerdaer Fahrradfabrik (Elfa) soon emerged. Later he became a partner in the Upper Lusatian gravel and sand works (OKS) and in the Elsterwerda sawmill August Jahre . He acquired the Kraupa brown coal and gravel pit Anna after its bankruptcy in 1926. In 1928 he built a public outdoor swimming pool on the site, which was named "Bad Aegir" after his bike brand. Reichenbach was mayor and deputy mayor.

Local artists such as Carl Schollbach (1886–1965) or Arno Kreul (1889–1961) immortalized the Biehlaer Winterberg with the restaurant and the water tower as well as other buildings in the district in their pictures. The painters Helmut Jahresing (1902–1989) and Hermann Lentzsch (1906–1980) were resident in the district. The ceramic painter Erich Krause (1909–1993) was artistic and technical director in the stoneware for many years. The Biehla teacher Anna-Liese Schwieger (1899–1974) received the Clara-Zetkin Medal in 1957 .

Elsterwerda's long-time mayor Wolf-Dieter Schwarz lived in Biehla until 2008. During his term of office, which lasted from 1975 to 1991, the construction of the relief road released in 1978 (today's federal road 101), which diverts a large part of the traffic around Biehla, the opening of the small gallery "Hans Nadler" (1980) and, still in the turning point, the Planning and realization of the Elsterwerda industrial park east. Elsterwerda's former mayor Dieter Herrchen (non-party) also lives in the town. His term of office lasted from 2002 to 2018.

literature

  • Eberhard Matthes , Werner Galle: Elsterwerda in old views . 2nd Edition. European Library, Zaltbommel (Netherlands) 1993, ISBN 90-288-5344-8 .
  • Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach (author): The Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-23905-4 .
  • Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda - When the chimneys were still smoking. Photo documents from the years 1949–1989 . 1st edition. Leipziger Verlagsgesellsch., Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 .

Web links

Commons : Biehla  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes and individual references

  1. ↑ a b c Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig (=  Landscapes in Germany . No. 63 ). Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-23905-4 .
  2. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden. Böhlau, 2001, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 , p. 13/14 - Measured values ​​1951–1980 Precipitation: Elsterwerda
  3. ↑ Geoclimate 2.1
  4. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden. Böhlau, 2001, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 , p. 14 - Measured values ​​1951–1980 Precipitation: Elsterwerda
  5. ^ Emilia Crome: The place names of the Bad Liebenwerda district. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1968, p. 25.
  6. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-23905-4 , p. 75 .
  7. ↑ a tax register
  8. ↑ a b c d e Elsterwerda City Administration (ed.): Biehla-A district with a historical and industrial background . ( Information sheet online as PDF file ).
  9. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-23905-4 , p. 91 .
  10. ↑ a b Schulze: Biehla's story over the centuries. In: The Black Magpie. No. 431, 1932.
  11. ^ Rector Paul Müller: Records on the Thirty Years War in the Elsterwerda City Archives
  12. ^ Walter Kramer: The war tax of the rule Elsterwerda new part of the year 1640. In: Die Schwarze Elster. No. 553, 1938.
  13. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-23905-4 , p. 76 .
  14. ↑ Manfred Woitzik: "First come - first serve" a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg, S. 09 .
  15. ↑ Manfred Woitzik: "First come - first serve" a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg, S. 120 .
  16. ↑ a b c d Manfred Reuschel: The water supply of Biehla and Elsterwerda in past centuries. In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde e. V. Bad Liebenwerda (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg. No. 53, Gräser Verlag, Großenhain 2000, ISBN 3-932913-16-7 , pp. 248-258.
  17. ^ A b c d e Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach (author), Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig (ed.): Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . (= Landscapes in Germany. 63). Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2001, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 , pp. 75-79.
  18. ↑ a b c Schulze: From viticulture in Biehla. In: The Black Magpie. No. 531, 1937.
  19. ↑ Viticulture in our closer home. In: The Black Magpie. No. 439, 1932.
  20. ↑ Matthäus Karl Fitzkow : On the older history of the city of Liebenwerda and its district area . Ed .: District Museum Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1961, p. 96/97 .
  21. ↑ Paul Müller: The white horse from Biehla . In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1958, p. 87-88 .
  22. ↑ Felix Hoffmann : Elsterwerda in the War of Liberation 1813 . In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1963, p. 150-154 .
  23. ^ Rector Schulze: From a peculiar weather vane and a house coat of arms to Biehla. In: The Black Magpie. No. 438, 1932.
  24. ^ A b Renate Schönbach: I look down from Winterberg ... In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1963, p. 180-181 .
  25. ↑ a b Overview of the population and the number of cattle in 1835 . In: Die Schwarze Elster-Our home in words and pictures . No. 596 . Bad Liebenwerda 1985, p. 8-10 .
  26. ↑ Elsterwerda city administration (ed.): From viticulture in Elsterwerda-Biehla . ( Information sheet online as PDF file ).
  27. ^ From viticulture in Biehla-Elsterwerda . Edited by Festival committee at the Elsterwerda City Council. In: 750 years Elsterwerda 1211–1961 . Elsterwerda 1961, p. 38–39 (Festschrift of the city of Elsterwerda on the occasion of its 750th anniversary).
  28. ↑ The history of Biehla viticulture ( memento from February 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) on the homepage of the "Historischen Weinbauverein Elsterwerda eV", accessed on March 26, 2011.
  29. ↑ a b Gerold Glatte: From the chronicle of the building industry. In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde e. V. Bad Liebenwerda (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg. No. 55, Gräser Verlag, Großenhain 2003, ISBN 3-932913-44-2 , pp. 261-269.
  30. ^ A b Artur Wolf: The forest plant cultivation in Elsterwerda . In: Festival committee at the Elsterwerda City Council (Hrsg.): 750 Years Elsterwerda 1211–1961 . Elsterwerda 1961, p. 40–41 (Festschrift of the city of Elsterwerda on the occasion of its 750th anniversary).
  31. ^ Gerold Glatte: Wainsdorf 1839 +++ . In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde e. V. Bad Liebenwerda (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg . No. 53 . Gräser Verlag Großenhain, 2000, ISBN 3-932913-16-7 , p. 64-67 .
  32. ↑ Rudolf Matthies: On old Heidewegen . In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1957, p. 51-55 .
  33. ^ M. Karl Fitzkow: On old and new streets . In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1961, p. 130-141 .
  34. ↑ Herbert Sucher: The Robert pit . In: Home calendar of the Bad Liebenwerda district . 1993, p. 142-145 .
  35. ↑ Elsterwerda becomes an industrial city . Edited by Festival committee at the Elsterwerda City Council. In: 750 years Elsterwerda 1211–1961 . Elsterwerda 1961, p. 44 (Festschrift of the city of Elsterwerda on the occasion of its 750th anniversary).
  36. ↑ Phönicia-Werke AG shares from 1941 on the homepage of “Benecke & Rehse” (Wertpapierantiquariat) , accessed on May 31, 2011.
  37. ↑ a b Elsterwerda City Administration (ed.): Elsterwerda-Biehla . (Information sheet).
  38. ↑ Elsterwerda city administration (ed.): Water tower Elsterwerda-Biehla-The landmark on the Winterberg . (Information sheet).
  39. ↑ Status: 1939.
  40. ↑ a b Eberhard Matthes : 100 years of ELFA. In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district and the Mückenberger Ländchen. 1995, pp. 217-220.
  41. ↑ a b c M. Karl Fitzkow: Impulsa milking systems from Elsterwerda all over the world . In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district 1965/66 . Bad Liebenwerda 1965, p. 63-68 .
  42. ↑ a b c Gerhard Scherf: 100 years of stoneware from Elsterwerda-Biehla. In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde eV (Ed.): Heimatkalender 2002 - Heimatkundliches Jahrbuch for the Altkreis Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden, Falkenberg and Uebigau. Gräser Verlag, Großenhain 2001, ISBN 3-932913-22-1 , pp. 265-274.
  43. ↑ a b Frank Claus: Monument to deceased Polish soldiers unveiled in Biehla. ( Memento from February 7, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) In: Lausitzer Rundschau. November 10, 2009.
  44. ↑ a b c Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda - When the chimneys were still smoking. Photo documents from the years 1949–1989 . 1st edition. Leipziger Verlagsgesellsch., Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , pp. 8 .
  45. ↑ Werner Stang with the assistance of Kurt Arlt (Ed.): Brandenburg in 1945 - Studies . Brandenburg State Center for Political Education, Potsdam 1995, p. 30/31 .
  46. ↑ Elfriede Schoppe: From the cow team to the tractor . In: Festival committee at the Elsterwerda City Council (Hrsg.): 750 Years Elsterwerda 1211–1961 . Elsterwerda 1961, p. 34–37 (Festschrift of the city of Elsterwerda on the occasion of its 750th anniversary).
  47. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-23905-4 , p. 90 .
  48. ↑ a b Status: 1961.
  49. ↑ Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda - When the chimneys were still smoking. Photo documents from the years 1949–1989 . 1st edition. Leipziger Verlagsgesellsch., Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , pp. 92 .
  50. ↑ Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda - When the chimneys were still smoking: Photo documents from the years 1949–1989 . Leipziger Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 .
  51. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-23905-4 , p. 88 .
  52. ↑ Beate Möschl: Direct hit in Elsterwerda. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. June 27, 2007.
  53. ↑ a b The history of IMPULSA AG on the company website
  54. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Saxony, Liebenwerda district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  55. ↑ The website of SV Preußen Biehla , accessed on March 12, 2011.
  56. ^ Erich Herrmann, Günter Steinemann: 90 years SV Preußen Biehla . In: Home calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda ... 1999, p. 162-172 .
  57. ↑ 100 years of SV Preußen Elsterwerda-Biehla eV 1909–2009. ( Online as a PDF file )
  58. ^ Claudia Schlegel: New club wants to make Elsterwerda Winterberg afloat. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. February 25, 2010.
  59. ↑ Internet presence of the small animal breeders' association "Elsterperle" , accessed on March 12, 2011.
  60. ^ Homepage of the Elsterwerda Volunteer Fire Brigade , accessed on April 27, 2011.
  61. ^ Structure of the Elsterwerda Voluntary Fire Brigade , accessed on April 27, 2011.
  62. ↑ Open youth meeting in Elsterdom is closed. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. January 17, 2009.
  63. ↑ a b Horst Lehmann: The Biehlaer bell tower. In: Official Journal for the City of Elsterwerda. No. 11/2004, pp. 5-7.
  64. ↑ The Bad Liebenwerda District Museum on the city's homepage ( Memento from July 28, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  65. ^ Werner Galle: Hotels and restaurants in Biehla . In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde eV Bad Liebenwerda (Hrsg.): Local calendar for the old district Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, Ortrand am Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg 2002 . Bad Liebenwerda 2001, ISBN 3-932913-22-1 , p. 275-285 .
  66. ^ M. Karl Fitzkow : The Winterberg in Elsterwerda / Biehla. In: Die Schwarze Elster - Our home in words and pictures. No. 5 (585), April 30, 1981.
  67. ↑ Margarete Noack: Benches at the Elsterwerda water tower now invite you to linger. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. September 18, 2010.
  68. ↑ List of monuments of the Elbe-Elster district, PDF
  69. ↑ Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda - When the chimneys were still smoking. Photo documents from the years 1949–1989 . 1st edition. Leipziger Verlagsgesellsch., Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , pp. 70 .
  70. ↑ Something is happening on the premises at the Biehla consumer bakery ( Memento from November 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) In: Lausitzer Rundschau. March 23, 2010.
  71. ↑ Elsterwerda city administration (ed.): Biehlaer Glockenturm-the center of the district Biehla . ( Information sheet online as PDF file ).
  72. ↑ The history of the Biehla bell. In: The Black Magpie. No. 331, 1927.
  73. ↑ Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda - When the chimneys were still smoking. Photo documents from the years 1949–1989 . 1st edition. Leipziger Verlagsgesellsch., Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , pp. 24 .
  74. ↑ Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda - When the chimneys were still smoking. Photo documents from the years 1949–1989 . 1st edition. Leipziger Verlagsgesellsch., Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , pp. 42 .
  75. ↑ a b Eberhard Matthes, Werner Galle: Elsterwerda in old views. 2nd Edition. European Library, Zaltbommel 1993, ISBN 90-288-5344-8 , p. 24.
  76. ↑ Felix Hoffmann: From Elsterwerdas church history . In: Festival committee at the Elsterwerda City Council (Hrsg.): 750 Years Elsterwerda 1211–1961 . Elsterwerda 1961, p. 11-15 (Festschrift of the city of Elsterwerda on the occasion of its 750th anniversary).
  77. ↑ Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda - When the chimneys were still smoking. Photo documents from the years 1949–1989 . 1st edition. Leipziger Verlagsgesellsch., Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , pp. 46 .
  78. ↑ Elsterwerda City Administration (ed.): Oberlausitzer Bahnhof Elsterwerda-Biehla . (Information sheet).
  79. ↑ Online project Memorial Memorials , accessed on March 27, 2011.
  80. ↑ Investment brochure for the business location Bad Liebenwerda and Elsterwerda ( online as a PDF file ( Memento from 23 September 2015 in the Internet Archive ))
  81. ↑ The Haida industrial park ( Memento from August 3, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) on the website of the municipality of Röderland (accessed on October 9, 2010)
  82. ^ Frank Hilbert: 50,000 PET bottles a day. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. November 7, 2009.
  83. ↑ Internet presence of GIZEH Verpackungen GmbH & Co. KG
  84. ↑ The Elsterwerda location on the company website of the Bosig Group ( Memento from July 20, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
  85. ↑ Hansa-Flex website: Branches | Domestic , last accessed on April 22, 2011.
  86. ↑ Homepage of the Biehla company Klösters Maschinenhandel , accessed on March 12, 2011.
  87. ↑ Vormann builds on Elsterwerda million investments make the location fit for the future. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. Regional edition Bad Liebenwerda, January 10, 2008.
  88. ↑ "Winterberg House" on the website of the DRK district association Bad Liebenwerda eV ( Memento from May 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) accessed on March 31, 2011.
  89. ↑ Internet presence of the restaurant Mr. "K" ( Memento from January 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  90. ^ Accommodation directory on the Elsterwerda municipal website ( Memento from September 30, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  91. ^ Bornschein / Gandert: Local history for the Liebenwerda district. Verlag Ziehlke, Bad Liebenwerda, 1928, p. 52.
  92. ↑ The Biehla bell tower . In: Elsterwerdaer Anzeiger . November 2004, p. 5-6 .
  93. ↑ See also: Main article Elsterwerda
  94. ↑ a b Iris Lehmann: “The history of our primary school - why we are Friedrich Starke!” ( Memento from February 7th, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on the homepage of the Friedrich-Starke-Grundschule, accessed on May 8th, 2011.
  95. ↑ Iris Lehmann: Visit of Max Heide (architect of our school) on October 9th, 2008. In: Official Journal for the City of Elsterwerda. No. 11/2008, p. 7.
  96. ↑ Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda - When the chimneys were still smoking. Photo documents from the years 1949–1989 . 1st edition. Leipziger Verlagsgesellsch., Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , pp. 28 .
  97. ↑ Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda - When the chimneys were still smoking. Photo documents from the years 1949–1989 . 1st edition. Leipziger Verlagsgesellsch., Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , pp. 60 .
  98. ↑ Kuna: Project day at the Elsterwerda-Biehla primary school with inauguration of the gym. In: Official Journal for the City of Elsterwerda. No. 12/2006, p. 9.
  99. ↑ Joachim Matiba: A dream that had been going on for decades came true . In: Festival committee at the Elsterwerda City Council (Hrsg.): 750 Years Elsterwerda 1211–1961 . Elsterwerda 1961, p. 70–72 (Festschrift of the city of Elsterwerda on the occasion of its 750th anniversary).
  100. ↑ Homepage of the Elbe-Elster Upper School Center , accessed on May 19, 2011.
  101. ↑ Internet presence of bam GmbH , accessed on May 19, 2011.
  102. ↑ GVFB eV website accessed on May 19, 2011.
  103. ↑ The Biehla day care center “Rasselbande” on the homepage of the BIK eV association, accessed on March 12, 2011.
  104. ↑ Erhard Galle: Painted folk art - Elsterwerdas deceased local painter. In: Home calendar for the Altkreis Bad Liebenwerda. 2006/2007, pp. 211-224.
  105. ^ "Anna-Liese Schwieger" in Frauenorte in the State of Brandenburg, accessed on July 4, 2020
  106. ↑ Flyer: Town Hall Chronicle.
This article was added to the list of articles worth reading on June 6, 2011 in this version .