Elsterwerda-West

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Elsterwerda-West (2008)

Elsterwerda-West is a district of the small town of Elsterwerda in southern Brandenburg in the Elbe-Elster district . It extends west of the Berlin-Dresden railway line to the western boundary of the district and south of federal highway 101 to the Black Elster . The district is mainly characterized by blocks of flats, which were built here from the 1950s and were later mainly built using prefabricated panels . In the period from 1955 to 1980, apartment blocks with a total of 805 apartments were built on behalf of the AWG “7. October “ built. Furthermore, also, however, are here homes and several Garden divisions to find.

History and Development

The western field corridor

  • Old churchyard (1911)

  • The river and ditch system in Elsterwerda around 1847.

  • General map of Elsterwerda

The Elsterwerda post mill (2007)

The oldest traces of human settlement in Elsterwerda were found on the Black Elster and come from the late Bronze Age around 1200–1100 BC. Chr. In the late 12th and in the 13th century seems finally to secure the river crossing consisting of hall / Leipzig coming and towards the outskirts leading low road and a cross-country road leading from Großenhain towards Luckau led the castle Elsterwerda to have been built . They probably served as outworked base of the old castle waiting of Strehla and Boritz . Protected by the castle, which was first documented in 1288, an urban settlement developed north of the Elsterübergang in the 13th century.

In the area of ​​today's Elsterwerda-West district, the western field of the city was to be found. In a Urmes table sheet from 1847, the Frauenwiesen are still listed, which were located here between today 's Frauenhorststrasse and the Black Elster. It is also easy to see that at this time some arms of the unregulated river still extended into the meadows. This area is only sparsely developed at present. The town's old cemetery was on the northern edge of the Frauenwiesen. This cemetery, originally also called the Alter Gottesacker , used to be located far outside the city. It was created after the cemetery at the church was no longer used. Later, however, another cemetery was created on Berliner Straße. This was located immediately north of the then urban area and closer. As early as 1911, the old Gottesacker was considered overgrown and neglected.

The Müller Julius Jentzsch built on the western Feldflur finally in 1866 a windmill . The building was actually built as early as 1804 and was originally located in the Gruhno community, which today belongs to Schönborn . For a few years the mill was the only development in the western area with the exception of the cemetery. It remained there until the year 2000 and was finally rebuilt two years later after extensive restoration work in the industrial area east .

From industrialization to World War II

Former premises of the Elsterwerda railway depot (2007).

In 1875 the Berlin – Dresden railway was put into operation. The western field corridor was spatially cut off from the city by the newly created railway line. The city train station was also opened on June 17th of the same year. In the autumn of 1875 the Riesa – Elsterwerda railway line opened . The city had now become a traffic junction, because on June 1, 1874 the railway line of the Upper Lusatian Railway from Kohlfurt via Biehla to Falkenberg (later Wittenberg ) had been handed over. To the west of the Elsterwerda train station, the Elsterwerda depot was later built and has since become the largest employer in the city with up to 1,000 employees.

With good transport connections, the first companies soon settled near the railway line. To the west, in the immediate vicinity of the railway depot, these were the building fittings factories O. Grieshammer , later Grießhammer-Werke AG, since 1890 . The factories soon became one of the most important businesses in the city and around 1913 employed 133 people. The company produced fittings in the form of window guards , window handles , house and room door handle sets.

A Royal Prussian state photo from 1920 shows that Elsterwerda-West was still relatively uninhabited up to this point in time and that some residential buildings could only be found in the area of ​​today's August-Bebel-Straße.

The events at the end of the Second World War had a strong impact . On May 7, 1944, the railway systems and trains were particularly affected by low-flying attacks. After a low-flying attack on April 16, 1945, a major attack by 137 American B-17 bombers on the city's railway systems followed on April 19 . Most of the factories in Elsterwerda were destroyed, including the Grießhammerwerke . An ammunition train standing in the station was also hit, the explosions of which caused severe damage on the railway site and in the city center. This bomb attack killed 27 people.

The workers' housing association “7. October"

Apartment block on August-Bebel-Strasse (2016)
Housing estate on the Roseneck (2018)

After the Second World War, the building hardware factories were rebuilt, but the former owners were soon expropriated. In the area of ​​Elsterwerda-West there were the only industrial facilities besides the railway facilities.

The city's population had grown to 10,235 by 1950, which led to a great need for housing. On today's Südblick street in Elsterwerda-West, the first new buildings were finally built in 1953, initially with 14 residential units and on September 18, 1954, the AWG “7. October " . First row houses were built. The apartments had 2.5 rooms, a kitchen and a bathroom. In addition, they had a full cellar. 82 row houses were built by 1959. In order to ensure the supply of the settlement, a grocery store was built in a block of flats at the south view.

However, since the newly built apartments were still not enough, the block construction method began in 1960. At that time the cooperative already had 400 members. A concrete plant had previously been built in Haida . In just nine years, 440 apartments and a school were built. Another 260 residential units were built in the 1980s. A department store was finally built on Lindenweg in 1973 to better serve the residents, which was soon popularly known as the Blue Wonder due to the exterior color of its facade .

A better connection to the city center was achieved when the new bridge over the railway facilities was opened in June 1978. Previously, the tracks could only be crossed by means of two level crossings and an underpass, which, however, caused significant difficulties due to the increasing freight traffic on the railway line over time. Another bridge was built in November 1982. This time across the Schwarze Elster in the direction of Kotschka . This also made it better connected to this district, the sports facilities at the Holzhof and to Gröditz , where other important employers in the region were located with the steelworks and the pulp mill. A nursing home has also been built in the meantime. Two day-care centers were set up on Lindenweg and Pappelweg. In the 1980s, a new special needs school was built in the immediate vicinity of the nursing home . This had previously been in Heinrich-Heine-Strasse.

Housing estates were built south of August-Bebel-Strasse and north of Westliche Feldmark . In addition, several garden areas and garage complexes can be found in the outskirts of the district.

Recent past

Administration building of the WBG (2016)
Shopping complex in Lindenweg (2016)
Demolition of the Hans-Nadler-Eck (2016)

In the period after the fall of the Wall there were radical changes in general life in the city. The shops were filled with goods from the Federal Republic and people had the previously much-missed freedom of movement. From the workers' housing association “7. October “ became the housing cooperative Elsterwerda eG on July 1st, 1990 . ( WBG Elsterwerda for short ). One of the last building complexes that arose in Elsterwerda-West was the Hans Nadler-Eck . It was also built as standard in panel construction in the style of the 70 series ( WBS 70 for short ) . The series of apartment blocks had been built in large parts of the GDR since the 1970s. Started shortly before the fall of the Wall, the Hans Nadler-Eck was completed in 1991 with funds from social housing.

In July of the same year, however, the warehouse in the center of the district, called the Blue Wonder , which was built in 1973, was demolished. A single-storey building with new shopping facilities was later built in its place. A short time later, the building fittings factory went bankrupt. The products of the company, which was one of the leading manufacturers of building fittings in GDR times and employed around 300 people in the 1980s, could no longer be sold and attempts to win West German investors for the company ultimately failed. However, three former employees were able to acquire the production facilities of the operating part in Hechtstrasse in autumn 1992 and set up their own company, GSG Baubeschläge GmbH , which has been in existence to the present day. The Elsterwerda traffic junction also lost its importance. The depot was closed and the locomotives were used at other locations. The master craftsmen based here had a similar experience. Layoffs and transfers of employees were the result.

The 1990s in Elsterwerda were, among other things, marked by a number of major fires. A butcher's shop in Elsterwerda city center, the newly renovated town hall in April 1995 and a company in the west industrial area were all affected by severe fires. Now, on November 20, 1997, there was a fire disaster at Elsterwerda train station . During the extinguishing work, the city ​​fire chief was killed by a farm building that had collapsed in the explosion, and another firefighter died later in the hospital. It was only through fortunate circumstances that the city got off relatively lightly from the disaster, because the locomotive shed of the railway depot , in the direction of which the greatest force of the explosions went, acted like a protective shield in front of the adjacent residential area in Elsterwerda-West and the wooden post mill, which was closed was still at its old location near the scene of the accident at this time.

In the period that followed, extensive modernization work was finally carried out on the building complexes and their surroundings were redesigned. The district was therefore characterized by scaffolding for years. As the demand for apartments with balconies increased, the WBG also had balconies retrofitted on some buildings.

The population decline in the city, which has lost around 2000 inhabitants since 1990, was noticeable on the Elsterwerda housing market. The result was that numerous apartments in the prefabricated buildings were empty. Hans-Nadler-Eck, which was only completed in 1991 and comprises 121 apartments, ultimately fell victim to this development and was demolished again from the end of 2015 to 2016 with funds from the Brandenburg city redevelopment program. The vacancy rate in the city was almost halved.

The largest construction project in recent years is the renewal of the bridge over the Dresden-Berlin railway line. The bridge, which is now 30 years old, has not been able to cope with the heavy traffic on the 101 for a long time, so that its lane has been narrowed in the meantime. In 2016 it finally began to be demolished. The construction of the new structure is proceeding in parallel. The work should be largely completed by the end of 2018.

Infrastructure

education

Magpie School Center

Elster School Center (2016)
The Elsterwerda sports ensemble in Leipzig in 1987.

The Elsterschulzentrum can be found in the center of the district . The school was built in the course of the new housing construction in Elsterwerda-West from 1967 to 1968 in prefabricated construction. On September 1, 1968, in the presence of the then mayor Felix Kocksch and the district school councilor Egon Langer, the inauguration of the new school building, which was equipped with 28 classrooms, a gym and a dining room. In the school year 1968/69 607 pupils were taught in 20 classes. In the following year, on September 27, 1969, the school was given the name of Johannes Dieckmann (1893–1969). The Walter-Husemann-Schule in Schillerstraße acted as a branch of the school , which until then had been attended by the majority of the students in the district and now only led grades 1 to 4.

In 1991 the Elsterwerda comprehensive school emerged from the polytechnic high school . 585 students were taught in 29 classes in the 1990/91 school year. On September 6, 1997, the inauguration of the new gym complex with two gyms and a new outdoor sports field took place. The complete renovation of the school building finally took place from 2001 onwards. It was converted into a primary and secondary school in 2005. Since secondary schools with a primary level were set up as school centers in the state of Brandenburg since the school year 2017/18, the school in Elsterwerda was also West reorganized into a school center. By resolution of the district council in March 2018, the official name change to “Elsterschulzentrum - Primary Level & Secondary Level I” came into force at the beginning of the 2018/19 school year.

The school in Elsterwerda-West has always been closely linked to sport since the beginning. When the school complex opened in 1968, the Elsterwerda sports ensemble , which was founded in 1953 and previously located in the Pioneer House in the city center, moved into the new training center belonging to the school. The sports ensemble, originally founded as a sports advertising group, was already known nationwide at that time, because a few years earlier, members of the sports advertising group had starred in the DEFA children's film “Destination Erfurt” in 1962 . It is regularly represented at the International German Gymnastics Festival and has become known through numerous television appearances at home and abroad.

Another special feature is the “Robbi” school circus . He was also able to draw attention to himself through various television appearances throughout Germany. Among other things, there were appearances on outsider frontrunners and on SAT.1 breakfast television . The Circus Makes School project has been carried out here since 1993 and circus lessons are offered as an elective. The school circus is a multiple winner of the lottery sports festival of the state of Brandenburg. In addition, the school hosted the 3rd Brandenburg Circus Festival in September 1999 .

special school

Another educational institution can be found in the far west of the district with the special needs school. It is an all-day school with a special educational focus: intellectual development. The Elbe-Elster district is currently responsible for the school . In the 2016/2017 school year, 36 students in 6 classes were looked after by 11 teachers and 5 educators.

  • Elsterwerda special school

Social facilities

Several social institutions can be found in Elsterwerda-West. So are located at Lindenweg the day care center "Linde house" and on Pappelweg the integration daycare "Bremen Town Musicians". The KiTa on Pappelweg was originally opened in August 1977 as a combination of children , consisting of a day nursery and a kindergarten . Since 2006, the Elsterwerkstätten's social service center has been located in a new building on August-Bebel-Straße . Another social institution in the district is the old people's home , which of the group of companies per Civitate is operated.

  • Integration day-care center "Bremen Town Musicians"

  • Retirement home

  • Social service center of the "Elsterwerkstätten"

Fire brigade and police

Volunteer Fire Brigade (2008)

On May 29, 1999, a new fire station of the volunteer fire brigade was put into use at the underpass . The original location of the Elsterwerda fire brigade had been on Burgstrasse in the city center since 1888. The Elsterwerda Volunteer Fire Brigade currently (2018) has seven vehicles in the Elsterwerda local police force . The local brigades in Biehla and Kraupa each have two vehicles in use.

A police station of the Brandenburg police is located opposite the new fire station. It belongs to the Elbe-Elster police station , which also includes the police stations in Herzberg and Finsterwalde .

Literature (selection)

  • Dietrich Hanspach among others: The Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area. (= Landscapes in Germany. 63). Edited by Luise Grundmann. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 .
  • Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda: Photo documents between 1945 and 1989 . Leipziger Verlagsgesellschaft, publishing house for cultural history and art, Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 .

Web links

Commons : Elsterwerda-West  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ Home calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg, 2000/2001, contribution by Bernd Müller: Schloß und Burg Elsterwerda . Gräser-Verlag, Grossenhain, ISBN 3-932913-16-7 , pp. 51-55.
  2. ↑ Old Elsterwerda . In: The Black Magpie . No. 158 , 1911 (free local history supplement to the Liebenwerdaer Kreisblatt ).
  3. ↑ Mes table sheet 2615: Elsterwerda (1888) in the map forum of the Deutsche Fotothek , accessed on August 25, 2018 (pdf)
  4. ↑ a b A look back at 20 years of GSG Baubeschläge GmbH Elsterwerda , accessed on August 25, 2018 (pdf)
  5. ↑ Mes table sheet 2615: Elsterwerda (1920) in the map forum of the Deutsche Fotothek , accessed on August 25, 2018 (pdf)
  6. ↑ Werner Stang with the assistance of Kurt Arlt (Ed.): Brandenburg in 1945 - Studies . Brandenburg State Center for Political Education, Potsdam 1995, p. 30/31 .
  7. ↑ a b c d Internet presence of the housing cooperative Elsterwerda , accessed on August 26, 2018
  8. ↑ a b c Elsterwerda City Administration (ed.): City of Elsterwerda . S. 16-18 .
  9. ↑ a b Hans Kästner: Our goal: Everyone has their own apartment . In: Festival committee at the Elsterwerda City Council (Ed.): 750 years of Elsterwerda . 1961, p. 52 to 53 (Festschrift of the city of Elsterwerda on the occasion of its 750th anniversary celebration).
  10. ↑ a b c d e 40 years of school in Elsterwerda-West . Elsterwerda 2008 (commemorative publication for the 40th anniversary).
  11. ^ A b c Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda: Photo documents between 1945 and 1989 . Leipziger Verlagsgesellschaft, Verlag für Kulturgeschichte und Kunst, Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , p. 95 .
  12. ^ Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda: Photo documents between 1945 and 1989 . Leipziger Verlagsgesellschaft, Verlag für Kulturgeschichte und Kunst, Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , p. 88 .
  13. ^ Margarete Noack: Elsterwerda: Photo documents between 1945 and 1989 . Leipziger Verlagsgesellschaft, Verlag für Kulturgeschichte und Kunst, Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-910143-14-8 , p. 100 .
  14. ↑ Home calendar for the country between the Elbe and Elster. No. 53 , Ed .: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde e. V. Bad Liebenwerda , Gräser Verlag Großenhain OHG, 2000, article by Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Horst Krampe: The Berlin-Elsterwerda-Dresden railway was opened 125 years ago. ISBN 3-932913-16-7 , pp. 262-280.
  15. ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Elbe-Elster district. Pp. 14-17.
  16. ↑ Status: 2018
  17. ↑ Frank Claus, Gabi Böttcher and Heike Lehmann: Cities are sticking to the demolition and are looking for apartments. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . 17th October 2015
  18. ↑ Anja Brautschek: Looking for creative ideas for Hans-Nadler-Eck. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . September 14, 2016
  19. ↑ a b c d Internet presence of the Oberschule Elsterwerda , accessed on August 26, 2018
  20. ↑ Dietmar Koßagk: Elsterwerda School celebrates 50th birthday. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . August 28, 2018.
  21. ↑ Status: 2018
  22. ↑ Internet presence of the Elsterwerda Förderschule , accessed on August 27, 2018
  23. ↑ Internet presence of the Förderverein der Förderschule Elsterwerda , accessed on August 27, 2018
  24. ↑ School portrait of the Elsterwerda special needs school on bildung-brandenburg.de , accessed on August 27, 2018
  25. ↑ The Kita am Pappelweg's website on the homepage of the operating company INTAWO non-profit GmbH , accessed on August 30, 2018
  26. ↑ Internet presence of the Elsterwerkstätten , accessed on August 30, 2018.
  27. ↑ The Elsterwerda senior citizens' home on the homepage of “pro civitate gGmbH” , accessed on August 30, 2018.
  28. ↑ Homepage of the Elsterwerda Fire Brigade , accessed on August 30, 2018.
  29. ↑ Services of the Elbe-Elster police station on the Internetwache Brandenburg homepage , accessed on August 30, 2018.

Coordinates: 51 ° 28 '  N , 13 ° 31'  E