Węgliniec

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Węgliniec
Węgliniec coat of arms
Węgliniec (Poland)
Węgliniec
Węgliniec
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Zgorzelec
Area : 8.71  km²
Geographic location : 51 ° 17 '  N , 15 ° 14'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 17 '18 "  N , 15 ° 13' 32"  E
Height : 191 m npm
Residents : 2846
(June 30, 2019)
Postal code : 59-940
Telephone code : (+48) 75
License plate : DZG
Economy and Transport
Street : Żagań - Lubań
Rail route : Węgliniec railway station
Next international airport : Wroclaw
Dresden
Gmina
Gminatype: Urban and rural municipality
Gmina structure: 11 localities
Surface: 338.44 km²
Residents: 8351
(June 30, 2019)
Population density : 25 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 0225063
Administration (as of 2013)
Mayor : Andrzej Kutrowski
Address: ul. Sikorskiego 3
59-940 Węgliniec
Website : www.wegliniec.pl



Węgliniec [ vɛŋ'gliɲɛʦ ] (German Kohlfurt ) is a town with about 3,000 inhabitants on the Kleine Tschirne in southwest Poland . It is located 21 kilometers northeast of Görlitz and belongs to the powiat Zgorzelecki in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship . The city belongs to the Neisse Euroregion and is located in the Polish part of Upper Lusatia .

history

Church in Węgliniec

After the city of Görlitz had taken possession of the heath northeast of the city, which previously belonged to the Penzig rulership in large parts, between 1491 and 1499 , it had the Kleine Tschirne dammed and a hammer mill built around which a settlement was built. In 1562 the place got a Protestant chapel. In 1687 the wooden structure was replaced by a massive one and in 1735 the church, which until then belonged to the Rothwasser parish, was elevated to a parish church. Kohlfurt is part of Upper Lusatia and came with it in 1635 from the Bohemian to the Saxon sovereignty. When the country was divided in 1815, the place became Prussian and between 1816 and 1945 belonged to the district of Görlitz and thus to the Prussian province of Silesia.

In the second half of the 19th century, the previously insignificant Kohlfurt developed into an important railway junction . From the Berlin – Breslau line, which was inaugurated in 1846, several national branches were created in Kohlfurt. In 1847 it was the railway to Görlitz , 1865 to Lauban , 1874 to Hoyerswerda and in 1913 the branch line to Rothwasser . At the Kohlfurt train station , which was two kilometers southeast of the village, a railway settlement was built, in which a church was also consecrated in 1878. The name Kohlfurt was later transferred to this settlement, which initially belonged to the chief forestry department, while the village was referred to as Alt Kohlfurt .

In 1905, the city of Görlitz am Glaserberg (228 m) in the Görlitzer Kommunalheide near the village of Nieder Langenau (Dłużyna Dolna) located five kilometers southwest of Kohlfurt opened a lignite mine , which was expanded in 1905 to include a briquette factory. The mining town of Görlitz initially dismantled civil engineering and was connected from the train station with a narrow-gauge mine connection railway. On the nearby Kohlfurt – Hoyerswerda – Falkenberg / Elster railway line, the Glaserberg stop was put into operation on February 20, 1908 at km 6.5 . In 1911 a brown coal power station was built next to the breakpoint . In 1912 a civil servants' house, houses for the families of 30 workers and a school were built for the workforce. Other ancillary facilities, such as a sawmill, were built after the First World War . In 1917 the mine was enlarged and open-cast mining began. A standard-gauge siding was laid between the power plant and the opencast mine.

In the fighting at the end of the Second World War , the mine and train station facilities were damaged. After the war the place came under Polish administration as Węgliniec. The small towns in the heather to the left and right of the Kleine Tschirne were incorporated, thereby increasing the municipality area from 13 to 76.4 square kilometers. The railway junction played a central role in the expulsion of the German population in 1946/47. Węgliniec received the status of a town-like settlement in 1954 and received town charter in 1967.

Population development

  • 1825: 0.608
  • 1885: 1,891 (village: 1,166, chief forester including train station and railway settlement: 724)
  • 1905: 2,332 (village and train station each 1,166)
  • 1939: 2,741
  • 2007: 3,043

Gmina

The urban and rural municipality (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Węgliniec includes the localities:

  • Czerwona Woda (red water)
  • Dębówek (Königsberg houses)
  • Jagodzin (Neuhammer an der Tschirne)
  • Kościelna Wieś (Stone Churches)
  • Okrąglica (rapid mortar )
  • Piaseczna (Schönberg)
  • Polana (fire)
  • Ruszów (Rauscha)
  • Stary Węgliniec (Alt Kohlfurt)
  • Węgliniec (Kohlfurt)
  • Zielonka (Görlitz City Mine)

Twin cities

Personalities

  • Kurt Täger (1879–1946), Mayor of Wilhelmshaven, Lord Mayor of Herne
  • Ernst Hornig (1894–1976), Bishop of the Evangelical Church in Silesia

literature

  • Jacek Dębicki: Węgliniec / Kohlfurt . Ed .: Peter Haslinger et al. (=  Historyczno-topograficzny atlas miast śląskich / Historical-topographical atlas of Silesian cities . Tom / Volume 3 ). Herder Institute, Marburg / Wrocław 2012, ISBN 978-3-87969-383-2 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Węgliniec  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. Główny Urząd Statystyczny: Ludność - stan i Struktura w przekroju terytorialnym, as of June 30, 2007 ( Memento of February 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive )