Węgliniec railway station
| Węgliniec | |
|---|---|
 Reception building
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| Data | |
| Location in the network | Separation station |
| Design | Island station |
| Platform tracks | 6th |
| IBNR | 5100068 |
| opening | 1846 |
| location | |
| City / municipality | Węgliniec |
| Voivodeship | Lower Silesia |
| Country | Poland |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 17 '24 " N , 15 ° 13' 23" E |
| Height ( SO ) | 183 m npm |
| Railway lines | |
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| List of train stations in Poland | |
The Węgliniec railway station is the passenger and freight station of the city Węgliniec (Kohlfurt) in the Province of Lower Silesia . It is the most important railway junction in the Polish part of Upper Lusatia . It was opened in 1846 and connects the railway lines to Breslau , Görlitz , Lubań (Lauban) , Horka and Żary (Sorau) . The line to Czerwona Woda (Rothwasser) began in the station until it was closed in 1974 .
The Kohlfurt station was an important transfer and freight station until 1945. Between the two world wars it reached its greatest extent and since 1928 it was also connected to the electrified Silesian railway network via the Silesian Mountain Railway . After the end of the Second World War, the areas east of the Lusatian Neisse fell to Poland. Under Polish management, the station received a large new marshalling facility in the north and, despite its peripheral location, remained an important interchange and freight station.
location
The station is located in the middle of the former Görlitzer Heide in western Poland near the German-Polish border. It is the border station for goods traffic on the Lower Silesian Freight Main Line in the direction of Horka in Saxony . The extensive train station complex extends north of the urban area of Węgliniec. The city emerged from a railroad settlement at the railway junction and developed into a small town over the decades. The old town of Kohlfurt is located northwest of the train station on the railway line to Żary.
history
The Lower Silesian-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (NME) was founded in 1842 . The company was founded for the construction of a railway line from Berlin to Breslau, which should lead via Frankfurt an der Oder , Kohlfurt and Liegnitz. On September 1, 1846, the entire route could be used for the first time. This day is also considered the opening date of the Kohlfurt train station. The NME also built a branch line from Kohlfurt to Görlitz . Operations on the first section to Hennersdorf began on November 15, 1846. The opening train opened the last section of Hennersdorf – Görlitz to traffic on September 1, 1847. In the beginning, four pairs of trains ran daily between Görlitz and Kohlfurt. In Kohlfurt there was a connection to the trains on the NME main line.
On January 22nd, 1862, the Prussian state parliament decided to build a railway line from the Silesian coal district via Lauban to Kohlfurt. Construction work between Kohlfurt and Lauban began in September 1863. On September 20, 1865, the line was opened as part of the Silesian Mountain Railway (SGB). Nine years later the railway line of the Upper Lusatian Railway Company opened between Falkenberg and Kohlfurt. The station was last expanded with the opening of the small train to Rothwasser in 1913.
On October 18, 1891, there was an accident when an express train entered Berlin from Breslau. A shunting locomotive drove the arriving express train into the flank . The shunting locomotive was supposed to move the last wagons of the train to the train to Dresden. Eight people died in the accident and six were seriously injured.
Between the two world wars, the station reached the greatest extent. Despite the small number of residents around the station, it was an important freight and transfer station in the middle of the Görlitzer Heide. In 1928 the Kohlfurt – Lauban railway was electrified. Kohlfurt was the northwest end point of the electrified Silesian network.
After the end of the Second World War, eastern Upper Lusatia with Kohlfurt came under Polish administration. Kohlfurt and the station were called Kaławsk until they were renamed on September 6, 1947 . Since September 1947 the town and train station have been called Węgliniec. The Polish State Railways (PKP) took over the station facilities after the end of the war. The electric contact wire on the route to Lubań fell under the Soviet reparation demands and was dismantled. The second track on the railway line to Żary was also dismantled.
On the north side of the station, an extensive marshalling facility with 18 through tracks and three butt tracks on the east and west side was built. The freight trains could be dismantled depending on their destination from a drainage mountain each in the east and west. An operator tower was built for the western drainage mountain, from which the remote-controlled track brakes could be controlled. The ten southern tracks were integrated into the routes and have exit signals to the east. The importance of the drainage mountains at the exit to Lauban and in the central south-eastern area decreased significantly.
In 1966, passenger traffic on the small train to Czerwona Woda was discontinued. The line and the siding to the former mining town of Görlitz (Polish: Zielonka ) were shut down in the mid-1970s.
The electric contact wire reached Węgliniec again in 1985, this time coming from Legnica (Liegnitz) . The electric rail operation on the railway line to Lubań followed in 1987. To implement the German-Polish agreement on the "Further development of the rail connections Berlin – Warsaw (Warszawa) (CE 20) and Dresden – Breslau (Wrocław) (E 30 / CE 30)" was im In 2008, the remnant between Węgliniec and the eastern bridgehead of the Neisse bridge at Horka was electrified. The railway lines in the direction of Breslau, Görlitz and Horka were also modernized as part of the agreement.
Buildings
Reception building and platforms
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The striking station building from 1846 with the two square towers on the west side was built in the classical style . It was probably added to the east in 1865 with the construction of the Silesian Mountain Railway. The original station building has since been used by the station administration, the train dispatch department and the station ticket office. In the new building, however, the baggage handling and the large waiting room were set up.
The station building is located on an island. The house platform and the intermediate platform as well as the through tracks on the south side were used by the trains from Sommerfeld and Görlitz towards Liegnitz. The platforms and track systems on the north side served the trains in the opposite direction. The trains from the direction of Horka ended at the head tracks on the west side of the reception building directly in front of the single-storey brick building of the Reichspost. The trains from Lauban ended on the east side of the station.
The brick building of the former Reichspost no longer exists today. One of the numerous floodlight towers on the station grounds now stands on the site. The large waiting room and ticket offices are still located in the station building. The older part of the reception building has lost most of its former facade decoration. For example, the frieze on the eaves , the cornice on the first floor and the plinth are no longer preserved on the facade . The facade has been plastered smooth. The battlements that crowned the towers and the covered terrace between the towers on the first floor were also lost.
The small railway to Rothwasser had its own small train station south of the reception building. He and the civil servants' houses in the Kohlfurt Bahnhof railway station were connected to the station building by a pedestrian walkway across the tracks. Another footbridge crossed the tracks at the level of the engine shed.
The small train station no longer exists today. The two footbridges still connect the locomotive sheds and the station building with the town south of the station facilities. The pedestrian walkway to the train station begins at Ulica Kolejowa and ends between the two station buildings. The footbridge to the engine shed begins at Ulica Sikorskiego.
Railway depot Kohlfurt / Depo Węgliniec
A locomotive station has existed in the Kohlfurt train station since the opening, which mainly served the locomotives for shunting. The sheds for wagons and locomotives for the branch line to Görlitz were located at the Görlitz terminus . The six-track polygon shed is the oldest part of the shed. In 1865 the Royal Railway Directorate had the first roundhouse with a turntable and eight gate entrances added to the existing locomotive shed . Behind the gates, the entry tracks branched out to a total of 16 stands. Administration building with social rooms was built to the west. At the end of the 19th century, following the increase in traffic as a result of the nationalization of the line to Falkenberg, a second five-seat roundhouse with a turntable was built. This was later expanded to include a further eleven stands. Next door there were six more tracks for a possible extension. The water tower with a capacity of 300 m³ rises between the two engine sheds. The tower was fed from several deep wells on the site of today's gardens.
The Bahnbetriebswerk (Bw) Kohlfurt belonged to the Machine Office Görlitz in the Reichsbahndirektion Breslau until the 1930s . In the 1930s, the Görlitz machine office was dissolved and the Bw was incorporated into the machine office in Liegnitz .
After the Second World War, the PKP was only able to put the looted and partially destroyed depot back into operation on January 1, 1946. German staff also worked for some time in the Węgliniec locomotive depot or performed their duties on the locomotives. 16 steam locomotives were initially part of the depot's inventory, mainly of the Type 2 type . The first diesel locomotives reached the Depo Węgliniec in 1960. These were locomotives of the Sm 03 and Sm 30 series . For the diesel fuel, five fuel tanks of 100,000 liters each were built behind the tracks of the locomotive shed. It was not until 1990/1991 that the last steam locomotives in the depot were taken out of service.
In the fall of 1997, the eastern, younger roundhouse was demolished. The 23-meter turntable also followed. The pit of the turntable is now used as a garbage dump, the former stalls of the shed are slowly growing over. The pump system of the water tower is also no longer functional. However, there is no longer a water crane at the station. In September 2009 the Depo Węgliniec had 7 locomotives of the SM 42 series , 20 of the ST 43 series , one of the SU 45 series and 19 of the SU 46 series . The former depot also has two battery-powered tow vehicles.
traffic
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The annual timetable 2019 run daily several regional trains of Koleje Dolnośląskie and przewozy regionalne of Węgliniec to Wrocław Główny about Legnica , according to Zielona Góra on Zary , according Lubań Śląski over Gierałtów , according to Jelenia Góra on Zgorzelec and Lubań Śląski and after Görlitz . In addition, three pairs of trains run daily via Görlitz and Bautzen to Dresden Hauptbahnhof , which are operated in cooperation by Koleje Dolnośląskie and Trilex . On individual days of operation in 2019, one or two pairs of InterCity trains operated by PKP Intercity will also run from Białystok via Warsaw, Wrocław Główny and Węgliniec to Jelenia Góra .
From the end of 2010 until its discontinuation at the end of 2014, the EuroCity “Wawel” operated via Węgliniec and connected the station with Hamburg, Berlin and Cottbus as well as Wrocław and until 2012 also Kraków. A locomotive change from diesel (to and from Cottbus) to electric traction (to and from Wrocław Gł.) Took place in Węgliniec station .
literature
- Wilfried Rettig: Railway in the three-country corner. East Saxony (D) / Lower Silesia (PL) / North Bohemia (CZ). Part 1: History of the main lines, operating points, electrification and route descriptions . EK-Verlag, Freiburg (Breisgau) 2010, ISBN 978-3-88255-732-9 .
- Wilfried Rettig: Railway in the three-country corner. East Saxony (D) / Lower Silesia (PL) / North Bohemia (CZ). Part 2: secondary, small and narrow-gauge railways, railway operations and repair shops, railway mail . EK-Verlag, Freiburg (Breisgau) 2011, ISBN 978-3-88255-733-6 .
- Jacek Dębicki: Węgliniec / Kohlfurt . Ed .: Peter Haslinger et al. (= Historyczno-topograficzny atlas miast śląskich / Historical-topographical atlas of Silesian cities . Tom / Volume 3 ). Herder Institute, Marburg / Wrocław 2012, ISBN 978-3-87969-383-2 ( online ).
Web links
- kolej.one.pl: Węgliniec (Polish)
- Historical views on dolny-slask.org.pl (Polish)
- Track plan 1989 (Polish)
- Track plan 2010 (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wilfried Rettig: Railway in the three-country corner, part 1 . 2010, p. 11 f., 22 .
- ↑ Wilfried Rettig: Railway in the three-country corner, part 1 . 2010, p. 22, 94 .
- ↑ alte-modellbahnen.xobor.de: Railway accident photo by Robert Scholz Görlitz. Retrieved October 26, 2012 .
- ↑ Ludwig Stockert (Knight of): Railway accidents. A contribution to railway operations theory . tape 2 . Leipzig 1913, p. 44 f .
- ↑ a b c d e Wilfried Rettig: Railway in the border triangle, part 1 . 2010, p. 22 .
- ↑ a b c d Wilfried Rettig: Railway in the border triangle, part 1 . 2010, p. 23 .
- ↑ Wilfried Rettig: Railway in the triangle, part 2 . 2011, p. 170, 173 .
- ↑ bahnstatistik.de: Royal Eisenbahndirektion to Wroclaw . Retrieved October 24, 2012 .
- ↑ Wilfried Rettig: Railway in the triangle, part 2 . 2011, p. 171 .
- ↑ Wilfried Rettig: Railway in the triangle, part 2 . 2011, p. 172 .
- ↑ Wilfried Rettig: Railway in the triangle, part 2 . 2011, p. 172 f .