Moritz Klönne

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Moritz Klönne

Franz Mathias Moritz Klönne (* 17th December 1878 in Dortmund , † 13. January 1962 in Salzburg ) was a German engineer and steel - entrepreneurs . He owned and managed the Dortmund steel and bridge construction company Aug. Klönne founded by his father . Moritz Klönne was also involved as a politician in the DVP and the DNVP , for the latter he was a member of the Reichstag from 1924 to 1930 .

Life and work

Moritz Klönne came from an old Westphalian family and was born on December 17, 1878 in Dortmund as the son of the engineer and entrepreneur August Klönne (1849-1908) and his wife Gertrud Klönne nee Haverkamp (1846-1922). After attending a Catholic elementary school and graduating from high school in Dortmund , he first completed an internship as a fitter, lathe operator and blacksmith. From 1897 to 1899 he studied law at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich , where he also joined the Corps Suevia . After studying in Munich, he moved to the Technical University of Hanover , where he studied engineering. In the meantime he did military service as a one-year volunteer . He passed the main diploma examination in 1904 and then received his practical and commercial training in the Netherlands and England. In 1905 he joined his father's company, after whose death in 1908 he took over management together with his twin brother Max Klönne (1878–1945). On February 16, 1907, he married Anna (called Änne) née Glückert (* June 18, 1879–1969), a daughter of the Darmstadt furniture manufacturer Julius Glückert . The couple had five children: Gertrud (* 1908), Carl August (* 1910), Rosemarie (* 1916), Ernst Moritz (* 1918) and Alexandra (* 1921).

From 1914 to 1918 Moritz Klönne took part in the First World War as a soldier, first as a reserve officer in Uhlan Regiment No. 2 , then as Rittmeister of Landwehr Cavalry I.

In the company he was responsible for the steel bridge construction, structural steel construction and hydraulic steel construction departments. The Hohenzollern Bridge in Cologne and the Niederfinow ship lift are partly based on his plans . Under his leadership, the Aug. Klönne company also built the Wesel Rhine Bridge , which was then Europe's largest railway bridge near Zaandam, and a bridge over an estuary near Santos . It also built floating docks in the Netherlands and Chile and gas works on several continents. The company was also involved in the construction of the new Duisburg main station (1934), the lock gates in Wilhelmshaven (1940), the Rodenkirchen motorway bridge (1941) and the Thyssen House (1960).

In addition to his entrepreneurial activity, Moritz Klönne was a member of the Dortmund Chamber of Commerce and Chamber of Commerce and Industry from 1921, from 1928 to 1939 and again from 1954 Vice President of the International Association for Bridge and Building Construction, member of the board of the Association of German Employers' Associations and the Northwestern Group of the Association German iron and steel industrialist , member of the State Railway Council in Cologne and the Provincial Council in Münster. He also lectured at universities and other colleges.

politics

In addition to his association work, Klönne was also involved in party politics. After the November Revolution he joined the German People's Party (DVP) and belonged to the right wing of the party, which split off as the National Liberal Association (NLV) in 1923 in protest against the policies of the Stresemann-Hilferding government . In the mid-1920s he joined the German National People's Party (DNVP), for which he also entered the German Reichstag in 1924 . Klönne was a staunch opponent of the welfare state, his idea of ​​the employer was strongly patriarchal . He rejected the democratic Weimar Republic and advocated an authoritarian, nationally conscious state. Unlike the party leadership around Alfred Hugenberg , however, he rejected the alliance with far-right parties and a fundamental opposition. In December 1929 he switched to the parliamentary group of the Christian National Working Group and founded the People's Conservative Association . In the Reichstag election in 1930 he lost his mandate, but continued to support the Brüning government as one of the few Ruhr industrialists .

After the “ seizure of power ” by the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), he initially withdrew from public office and only took on functions in professional associations. A change was not observed until the late 1930s. In 1937 he left the church, in 1939 he became president of the Dortmund Chamber of Commerce and Industry. In March 1940 he joined the NSDAP and the SS , and two years later he was appointed military economist . On April 1, 1943 he became President of the Gauwirtschaftskammer Westfalen-Süd, but resigned from this office in 1944. Moritz Klönne was in contact with the military resistance , and he assured Franz Halder of support in the event of a military coup. However, he did not offer open resistance and instead came to terms with the National Socialist regime.

After the Second World War , he no longer held any political offices.

Änne and Moritz Klönne's house in Dortmund, Prinz-Friedrich-Karl-Straße 36

Moritz and Änne Klönne are remembered by their house built in 1922/1923 according to the plans of the Dortmund architect Emil Pohle , Prinz-Friedrich-Karl-Straße 36, which is now used as an office building. A ladies' room built into the house in 1923, but manufactured in 1907 by the Glückert furniture factory based on a design by the Art Nouveau architect Joseph Maria Olbrich , was donated by Änne Klönne to the Dortmund Museum of Art and Cultural History in 1964 , where it is now on display.

Honors

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Klönne, Moritz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Klönne, Franz Mathias Moritz (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German engineer, steel construction entrepreneur and politician (DVP, DNVP), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH December 17, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Dortmund
DATE OF DEATH January 13, 1962
Place of death Salzburg