Baruther Glashütte museum village
.jpg) Old hut |
|
| Data | |
|---|---|
| place | Baruth / Mark |
| Art |
Technical monument
|
| architect | Headquarters Solms-Baruth |
| opening | 1992/2000 |
| Number of visitors (annually) | 80,000 |
| management |
Georg Goes
|
| Website | |
| ISIL | DE-MUS-494811 |
The Baruther Glashütte museum village is a technical monument in the south of the Teltow-Fläming district in Brandenburg . The museum deals with the social and technological history of the old glassmaker's place. A glassmaker explains his craft to visitors. Another exhibition about the inventor of the thermos flask Reinhold Burger can be visited. Numerous craftsmen and tradespeople have settled in the village itself .
history
In 1715 a severe storm tore down large areas of forest in the region south of Baruth / Mark . In search of a sensible use of the fuel and raw material available in abundance , it was decided to build a glassworks . The potash required for the production of glass is obtained from wood ash . The construction of a glassworks in the north of Baruth, which was planned as early as 1711, was not carried out due to the high consumption of wood, although the contracts had already been signed. Count Friedrich Sigismund zu Solms-Baruth summoned the master glassmaker Bernsdorf from Lausitz . On March 23, 1716, the contract to build a glassworks was signed. Bernsdorf was a sufficient piece of land on suitable . He was given the right to take 1,000 fathoms of wood from the forest every year and was allowed to run a potash boiler. In return he was obliged to pay taxes to the count .
In the first decades the sales of the Baruther Glashütte were poor. As early as 1724, the operator Bernsdorf had to sell the hut again. The glassmakers Phillip Exner and Leberecht Reuter took over the glassworks and built a new hut building in 1735. They were also unable to get the company out of trouble. Production was shut down from 1740 to 1749. The new hut factor Friedrich Wilhelm Hellwig was more successful despite the competition. Bohemian glassware was more popular in Europe, so the Baruther glassworks was shut down again from 1768 to 1770. Only then did the company stabilize.
The successful time at the site began in 1822. The new factor Ferdinand Adolph Schulz started at a time of high demand, the order situation was good. Due to political unrest and epidemics in Europe, the demand fell in 1830, but the breakthrough was achieved. By adding sheep's bone ash, it was possible to produce pure milk glass for lighting fixtures , which was in increasing demand. In 1844 another hut building was built, which is now called the "old hut". Here alone, 25,000 lampshades were produced every month . In the middle of the 19th century, the Baruther Glashütte was the largest glass factory in the Brandenburg province . In the 1870s the village had 460 inhabitants, 219 of whom were employed in the hut. In 1875 the company was connected to the Berlin-Dresden Railway . The sales situation improved. The glassworks was represented at the world exhibitions of that time.
In the 1880s, production stagnated due to strong competition in Lusatia. Production was expanded to include the manufacture of bottles . It was modernized by converting to coal firing. The focus remained the production of lampshades, which were decorated in a grinding shop built in 1894 . With this upswing, the Andreashütte glass factory in Wehrau / Silesia was taken over in 1911 . In the first years of the First World War, from 1914 to 1916, orders from the Baruther Glashütte were made here when it was shut down again. The glassworks held its own during the inflation of the 1920s and was modernized in 1927. After the Great Depression, the order situation was poor in the 1930s. During the Second World War , production was classified as essential to the war effort and continued to operate until April 1944.
Work was resumed in the post-war period . In 1948 the long-time managing director Alfred Kaiser was expropriated and the Baruther glassworks converted to VEB . In the 1950s, the manufacture of lampshades was outsourced to other glass factories. Fermentation balloons were manufactured here from 1954 . They were produced in one of the tub ovens invented as early as 1870 . The possibility of using the previously used harbor furnace was more flexible and therefore more suitable for lampshades. The grinding shop was closed because fermentation balloons are not designed. In the 1970s, fermentation balloons could no longer be exported to foreign (foreign currency) countries. From 1976, lighting glass was produced again. On September 30, 1980, the Baruther glassworks was finally closed due to technical defects and dilapidation.
Civic engagement
In 1991 the Glashütte e. V. founded in order to preserve the location and the technical monument . He campaigns for the restoration of the dilapidated and partly in danger of collapsing buildings. The environment and the building ensemble should be preserved. The association also set up the museum. Thousands of visitors come to the village every year in two permanent exhibitions and numerous events. Two thirds of the association is financed from its own resources and supplements those with funds from outside aid. In 2007 a contract was signed with the district of Teltow-Fläming that the listed buildings should become the property of the district. The handover was completed on March 21, 2009.
In 2006 the Museumsverein Glashütte e. V. , which runs the office, carries out the museum work and carries out cultural management. The Kunstverein Glashütte e. V. manages the art shop "Galerie Packschuppen" and the Museumsdorf Glashütte home foundation. It is still in the accumulation phase and should support the place.
The museum
The museum set up in Glashütte consists of two permanent exhibitions. These are located in two buildings in the village. Education for children and young people is a task of the museum and there are educational offers for school classes of different ages. For younger students, the history of the place and the basics of glass production are explained on the "Journey to the Glassmakers". Middle school students can hold an industrialization project day .
Museum in the New Hut
In the so-called Neue Hütte (built in 1861, the newest factory in town) there is an exhibition that deals with the structure and function of a glassworks, but also with the cultural and social history of the place. It has existed in its current form since 2000. The building was in operation until the factory closed in 1980. The rooms have been reconstructed based on their previous use. In the entrance area is the Hafenstube, in which the harbor ovens were previously produced. Behind it is the batch chamber, which shows which substances the glass was mixed with in order to color it.
The showpiece of the exhibition is the oven hall. Here is the furnace, which was set up in 1954 and with the help of which fermentation balloons were produced until the closure. The leftover glass mixture was simply allowed to solidify because it was not valuable enough to be used any further. This is how the furnace was obtained. The studio oven of the glassmaker employed by the museum association has also found its place in the oven hall. Here interested visitors are given the opportunity to take a look at the craft and, if they wish, to make a thirst ball themselves .
The "Lichtblicke" exhibition, which opened on the upper floor of the Neue Hütte in 2004, deals with the lighting glass that was produced in the glassworks during its heyday in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Burger exhibition
Reinhold Burger was born in 1866 as the son of a glass factory worker in the Werkweiler Glashütte. He was initially a glass carrier and left his hometown at the age of 15 to embark on the wanderings that took him to America. In 1894 he founded his own company in Berlin .
In 1998 the exhibition was opened in the museum village. In the exhibition his life and work as an inventor is presented. The thermos and the X-ray tube were developed by him. The first thermos flasks and X-ray tubes produced by his company are exhibited. His inventions are related to the subject of vacuum, which is why the functionality of a vacuum pump is explained. The exhibition focuses on the material glass and its use and influence on technical and scientific progress.
Special exhibitions
In addition to the permanent offer, changing special exhibitions can be seen in the museum.
The place
The place is part of the small town of Baruth, six kilometers away. All buildings in the village are under monument protection . The village is largely administered by the Glashütte Association. In the village itself, tradespeople have settled, mostly doing old handicrafts.
- Glassmaker
- Glass blower
- a pottery
- Fashion stores
- a herbal shop
- a soap factory "SeiFee"
Exhibitions by contemporary artists take place in the Packschuppen gallery .
Film set
The old buildings, which have been well preserved thanks to the restoration , are often used as backdrops for films. The Christmas fairy tale “Beutolomäus and Santa Claus” was filmed in Glashütte for the KinderKanal . An episode of the SOKO Wismar series was also recorded, as was the film “Love in St. Petersburg”.
literature
- Astrid Schlegel: Glashütte (The historical place No. 46) . Kai Homilius Verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-931121-45-3
Web links
- Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg
- Museumsdorf-Glashuette.de, website of the museum village
- Museumsdorf Glashütte on the website of the city of Baruth / Mark
- Baruther Contributions to Glass Culture
Coordinates: 52 ° 1 ′ 38.1 ″ N , 13 ° 34 ′ 49.7 ″ E