N , N ′ -dimethylurea

Structural formula
General
Surname	N , N ′ -dimethylurea
other names	1,3-dimethylurea DMU
Molecular formula	C 3 H 8 N 2 O
Brief description	colorless to white solid with an amine-like odor
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 96-31-1 EC number 202-498-7 ECHA InfoCard 100.002.272 PubChem 7293 Wikidata Q419740
properties
Molar mass	88.11 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	1.14 g cm −3
Melting point	108 ° C
boiling point	268-270 ° C
solubility	easy in water (765 g l −1 at 21.5 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances no GHS pictograms H and P phrases H: no H-phrases P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data	4000 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral )
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−312.1 kJ / mol
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

N , N ′ -Dimethylurea is a chemical compound from the group of urea derivatives .

Extraction and presentation

The synthesis of dimethylurea is achieved by a substitution reaction , whereby urea and methylamine are used and ammonia is continuously separated from the equilibrium.

N , N ′ -Dimethylurea is a typical end product formed in the hydrolysis of methyl isocyanate .

The world's most important manufacturer of urea derivatives is BASF. Global production of dimethyl urea is estimated to be less than 25,000 tons in 2001. It is one of the " High Production Volume Chemicals " (HPVC) for which the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has created a data collection on possible hazards (" Screening Information Dataset ", SIDS).

properties

N , N ′ -Dimethylurea is a flammable, colorless to white solid with an amine-like odor. It is hygroscopic, easily soluble in water and its aqueous solution has a very weak alkaline reaction. Technical N , N ′ -dimethylurea contains small amounts of multiply substituted ureas as an impurity.

use

N , N ′ -Dimethylurea is used for the production of caffeine (by Traubean synthesis ), theophylline , medicinal substances, textile additives, herbicides and other compounds. In the textile industry it is used as an intermediate product for the production of formaldehyde-free finishing agents for textiles. Dimethylurea belongs to the group of dipolar aprotic solubilizers .

Related links

• N , N -dimethylurea (1,1-dimethylurea)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Entry on N, N'-dimethylurea in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on November 26, 2019(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ ^{a b} OECD : Screening Information Dataset (SIDS) Initial Assessment Report (SIAR) for urea, 1,3-dimethyl- , accessed on November 4, 2014.
3. ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-24.