N , N ′ -dimethylurea
Structural formula | ||||||||||||||||
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General | ||||||||||||||||
Surname | N , N ′ -dimethylurea | |||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 3 H 8 N 2 O | |||||||||||||||
Brief description |
colorless to white solid with an amine-like odor |
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properties | ||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 88.11 g mol −1 | |||||||||||||||
Physical state |
firmly |
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density |
1.14 g cm −3 |
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Melting point |
108 ° C |
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boiling point |
268-270 ° C |
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solubility |
easy in water (765 g l −1 at 21.5 ° C) |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||||||||
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Toxicological data | ||||||||||||||||
Thermodynamic properties | ||||||||||||||||
ΔH f 0 |
−312.1 kJ / mol |
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As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
N , N ′ -Dimethylurea is a chemical compound from the group of urea derivatives .
Extraction and presentation
The synthesis of dimethylurea is achieved by a substitution reaction , whereby urea and methylamine are used and ammonia is continuously separated from the equilibrium.
N , N ′ -Dimethylurea is a typical end product formed in the hydrolysis of methyl isocyanate .
The world's most important manufacturer of urea derivatives is BASF. Global production of dimethyl urea is estimated to be less than 25,000 tons in 2001. It is one of the " High Production Volume Chemicals " (HPVC) for which the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has created a data collection on possible hazards (" Screening Information Dataset ", SIDS).
properties
N , N ′ -Dimethylurea is a flammable, colorless to white solid with an amine-like odor. It is hygroscopic, easily soluble in water and its aqueous solution has a very weak alkaline reaction. Technical N , N ′ -dimethylurea contains small amounts of multiply substituted ureas as an impurity.
use
N , N ′ -Dimethylurea is used for the production of caffeine (by Traubean synthesis ), theophylline , medicinal substances, textile additives, herbicides and other compounds. In the textile industry it is used as an intermediate product for the production of formaldehyde-free finishing agents for textiles. Dimethylurea belongs to the group of dipolar aprotic solubilizers .
Related links
- N , N -dimethylurea (1,1-dimethylurea)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Entry on N, N'-dimethylurea in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on November 26, 2019(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b OECD : Screening Information Dataset (SIDS) Initial Assessment Report (SIAR) for urea, 1,3-dimethyl- , accessed on November 4, 2014.
- ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-24.