National Botanic Gardens of Ireland
The National Botanic Gardens of Ireland ( Irish : Garraithe Náisiúnta na Lus ) in the Dublin district of Glasnevin encompass a large park with various themed gardens , several greenhouses and some collection and administration buildings on a good 19.5 hectares . Founded in 1795 and now home to over 20,000 plant species and varieties, the complex is the most important botanical garden in the Republic of Ireland .
The botanical garden, bounded in the north by the Tolka River , was founded by the Dublin Society , today's Royal Dublin Society . In 1878 the gardens came under state control; since 1992 they have been administered by the Office of Public Works (OPW) - with an interruption from 1997 to 2003 in favor of Dúcha's dissolved facility , The Heritage Service .
Gardens
The extensive park, which is mainly designed as an English landscape garden , includes an arboretum as well as special areas such as:
- a systematic garden that was laid out in 1854 according to a scheme by the British botanists Bentham and Hooker and illustrates a good 90 of the plant families native to Ireland in a botanical order - at the beginning of the 21st century, parts of this garden were redesigned according to new phylogenetic findings (see APG ).
- a rosarium
- a vegetable garden
- an alpine rock garden that has existed since the late 1880s
- some bodies of water with aquatic and marsh plants
- various herb and perennial beds
- colorful motif plantings called Carpet Bedding
- important Irish biotopes , u. a. Forest, (moor) heather, meadows and a karst flora area based on the vegetation of the Burren
- a 2,002-scale Sensory Garden (garden of the senses )
Asian perennial garden under a pine tree
Blooming irises
Waters in the landscape park
Greenhouses
The National Botanic Gardens are known for their old and historically significant glass buildings.
There are five larger greenhouse complexes on the site:
- The Great Palm House was built in 1884 to replace the previous building that was destroyed in a storm (construction period 1842–1850). The facility, designed as a warm house for large palm trees and other tropical plants, was extensively restored between 2002 and 2004. The two side wings of the palm house are formed by the Flowering House for changing flower exhibitions and the Orchid House , which houses over 1000 types of orchid as well as bromeliads and carnivorous plants . In this greenhouse, David Moore succeeded in growing orchids from seeds for the first time in the world in the 1840s and successfully bringing them to blossom. The species used in Moore's experiments were Epidendrum elongatum , E. crassifolium , Cattleya forbesii and Phaius albus .
- The Curvilinear Range is a three-part, long and rather low building, the halls of which, built between 1843 and 1869, are constructions made of cast iron scaffolding and strikingly curved glass. The complex, which was restored in the 1990s, was essentially designed by Richard Turner (1798–1881). The central building was depicted on Irish 1 to 5 pence standard postage stamps from 1982 to the beginning of the 1990s and is considered to be the most architecturally significant building in the Botanical Gardens. In the west wing there are plants from Southeast Asia , especially rhododendrons of the subgenus Vireya . In the central house there are naked people , u. a. part of the internationally important cycad collection. Species from the southern hemisphere are shown in the east wing . a. demonstrate the evolutionary connections of the flora of Australia, South Africa and South America.
- The Victoria House was designed by Duncan Ferguson and built in 1854 especially for the giant water lilies , which were then rated as a "botanical sensation" in Europe . In large water basins it houses plants of the eponymous genus Victoria , formerly Victoria amazonica , and in recent years Victoria cruziana . The Fern House for ferns and the Cactus and Succulent House as a “dry house” for cacti and succulents are connected to the Victoria House .
- In Alpine House in the Alpine Garden species of alpine flora presented.
- The Teak House or Conservatory (winter garden) is used for changing plant exhibitions, especially exotic plants.
"Curvilinear Range"
inside view
Palm house
Roof construction
art
The annual art exhibition sculpture in context has been taking place in the gardens since 2002 . It has been Ireland's largest outdoor sculpture show since 1985 and lasts for several weeks at a time in late summer.
In addition, in good weather there are almost always several amateur or professional artists in the freely accessible botanical garden, who mainly create pictures of trees or flowers. Photography, painting and drawing courses are also regularly offered in the park.
The sculpture Craobh by Dublin artist Gerard Cox was erected in 1995 for the 200th anniversary.
Artist in the garden
Other facilities
The site, which is freely accessible all year round (except December 25th), houses the extensive botanical library as well as the National Herbarium of Ireland, founded in 1847 , a collection of around 600,000 dried and documented parts of plants. The herbarium, which was relocated from the Irish National Museum to the Botanical Garden in 1970 and merged with the local collection, has the identification DBN in the international Herbariorum Index (the identification DUB denoted the herbarium of the Botanical Garden until 1970).
In 2000, a visitor center with a lecture hall, exhibition rooms and a restaurant was opened in the entrance area . There is also a permanent exhibition on the history of the Botanical Gardens, a collection of portraits of paintings by important botanists and an original antler of the extinct Irish giant deer .
The Glasnevin Botanical Garden also manages the Kilmacurragh Arboretum in Kilbride , south of Dublin in County Wicklow , which is known for its conifers and calciferous plants.
literature
- Wendy Walsh: The art of flowers. National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin. Bicentenary exhibition, 1995. Stationery Office, Dublin, 1995. ISBN 978-0-7076-1650-6
Web links
- www.botanicgardens.ie (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Terence Reeves Smyth: Irish Gardens: National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin
- ↑ a b A Brief History of the Gardens ( Memento of the original dated December 18, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Learning about the evolution of plant families. The Family Beds restored. ( Memento of the original from November 18, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Features Map, National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin ( Memento of the original from January 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (and subpages)
- ↑ David Moore: On Growing Orchids From Seeds. ( Memento of the original from November 18, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. The Gardeners' Chronicle, 1849
- ↑ Stamps in Europe: IER 185-1 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. up to IER 185-5 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The Curvilinear Range ( Memento of the original from November 18, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Sculpture in Context
- ↑ Botanic Gardens Visitor Center ( Memento of the original from April 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 53 ° 20 ′ 23 " N , 6 ° 14 ′ 57" W.