Nyasvish

Nyasvish | Nesvish
Нясвіж | Несвиж
( Belarus. ) | ( Russian )
coat of arms flag
State :	Belarus
Woblasz :	Minsk
Coordinates :	53 ° 13 '  N , 26 ° 41'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 13 '  N , 26 ° 41'  E
Residents :	15,434 (2016)
Time zone :	Moscow time ( UTC + 3 )
Telephone code :	(+375) 1770
Postal code :	BY - 222603, 222620
License plate :	5
Website :	www.niasvizh.by
Nyasvish

Njaswisch or Neswisch ( Belarusian Нясвіж ; Russian Несвиж ; Polish Nieśwież ) is a city in southwest Belarus in the Minskaja Woblasz with about 14,500 inhabitants. The Radziwiłłs palace ensemble has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2005 .

history

The place was first mentioned in the 13th century. In the 16th century, the small town passed into the possession of the Radziwiłł family , in which it remained for over 400 years until 1939. They brought in Italian builders in the 16th century to design the site. Shortly before the transition of the place belonging to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania into the framework of the Polish-Lithuanian Republic , the first printed book in Belorussian appeared in Nyasvish in 1562 , produced by Szymon Budny . In 1580 it received city rights. As a result of the Second Partition of Poland , Nyasvish fell to the Russian Empire in 1793 .

Njasvish Castle of the Radziwiłł princes

Courtyard of Nyasvish Castle

Town hall in Nyasvizh

Slutsk Gate in Nyasvizh

From 1919 to 1939 it belonged again to Poland as part of the Nowogródek Voivodeship . After two years of Soviet occupation, German troops marched in in 1941 and set up a forced ghetto. When it was dissolved on July 21, 1942, there was armed resistance from the ghetto prisoners. In 1944 the city was occupied by the Red Army . Due to the Holocaust , the formerly large Jewish community, which made up more than half of the population, was wiped out. Since 1991 the city has belonged to the independent Belarus.

See also : Great Synagogue (Nyasvish)

coat of arms

Description: In the front there is a silver-armored black eagle in gold at the slit and in the back in blue there are three diagonally left red and gold bars lying next to each other .

Attractions

• Njasvish Castle of the Radziwiłłs
• Corpus Christi Church (1587–1593), one of the oldest Jesuit churches in the world
• Bernardine Monastery (1598)
• Church and monastery of the Benedictine Sisters (1593–1596)
• Town Hall (1586)
• Jewish Cemetery
• Sluzker Gate (1650, 1700)

Town twinning

• Cava de 'Tirreni , Italy
• Goris , Armenia
• Laichingen , Germany
• Radviliškis , Lithuania
• Reutov , Russia
• Złotów , Poland

Personalities

• Mikołaj Radziwiłł Rudy (1512–1584), Grand Chancellor and Grand Hetman of Lithuania
• Mikołaj Radziwiłł Czarny (1515–1565), Lithuanian nobleman and statesman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
• Michal Wituschka (1907–1945), Belarusian politician and leader of the Black Cats, a unit of the SS hunting associations
• Piotr Jaroszewicz (1909–1992), Polish general and politician
• Dzmitryj Kasmowitsch (1909–1991), Belarusian anti-Soviet activist and Nazi collaborator
• Michal Wituschka (1907–1945), Belarusian anti-Soviet politician and Nazi collaborator

literature

• Nieśwież , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , pp. 520ff.

Web links

Commons : Nyazvish  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official homepage of the National Historical and Cultural Museum Reserve "Nyasvizh"
• Sights (only in Russian)
• Travel report

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Review - Official delegation led by Mayor Klaus Kaufmann on a visit to Nesvish / Belarus on laichingen.de ( memento of the original from June 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ Twin Towns on zlotow.pl