Nikolauskloster (Jüchen)
| Nicholas Monastery | |
|---|---|
|
|
| location |
Germany NRW Juchen |
| Lies in the diocese | Aachen |
| Coordinates: | 51 ° 9 '1.1 " N , 6 ° 34' 29.3" E |
| Patronage | St. Nicholas |
| founding year | 1403 by the Franciscan Tertiary |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1802 |
| Year of repopulation | 1905 |
| medal | Oblates of the Immaculate Virgin Mary |
The Nikolauskloster in the town of Jüchen in the Rhine district of Neuss is located near Dyck Castle . Franziskaner-Tertiaren lived there until 1802 , since 1905 Oblates of the immaculate Virgin Mary , who in 1953 founded a student home for young men in the Nikolaus monastery . They attend the evening grammar school in the Viersen district.
history
middle Ages
The exact origin of the monastery is unknown. According to legends, a St. Nicholas chapel is said to have existed as early as the 12th century. The Nikolauskapelle was first mentioned in writing on February 25, 1398 as "Sinter Claes". In 1401 the hermit Heinrich von der Blume, from the Lüttenglehn flower courtyard , settled here and took possession of the chapel and an apartment there. Another five or six people followed, who professed the rule of the regular tertiary of St. Francis in 1403 . In 1451 a new church was built.
Modern times
Between 1715 and 1746 the monastery was given its present form. In 1802 it was secularized and became the property of the French state. At first the monastery was leased. Shortly thereafter, it was assigned to the Legion of Honor in 1804 , before being turned over to a French army supplier in 1805 to settle war debts.
With the first establishment of the diocese of Aachen in 1802, the area of St. Nicholas was assigned to the parish of Glehn and the monastery church was given up. The furnishings of the church - including the baroque high altar - were sold or given to other churches and were lost.
On May 6, 1806, Joseph zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck acquired the monastery with 103 hectares of 50 ares of land. The monastery was leased by the Salm-Dyck family and the church served as a pantry. Between 1842 and 1854 there was an agricultural school in the monastery. In the following years, the then Prince Joseph had the church restored and furnished with new furnishings (including a neo-Gothic altar). St. Nicholas was the Archbishop of Cologne, Cardinal of scourge dissolved by decree from the Pfarrverband Glehn and in the parish Bedburdyck incorporated . So on August 10, 1860, the first service could be held again. The revival of the monastery church at this time was primarily related to its earlier use as the burial place of the old counts of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck; as such it should be used again (see below).
Prince Alfred zu Salm-Reifferscheidt , who entered into the line of succession in 1893, had been looking for a male order to settle in the monastery buildings by 1899 at the latest . Initial contacts with the Oblates had existed since 1901. From October 1904 concrete negotiations took place between the Prince and the Oblates MI, represented by Father Max Kassiepe , which resulted in an official contract in January 1905. The opening of the then seventh branch of the Oblates from Hünfeld near Fulda in St. Nicholas Monastery on October 6, 1905. First Superior of St. Nicholas was Father Max Kassiepe (1905-1910).
As a result, the Nikolauskloster was a center of the Catholic popular mission in the first half of the 20th century . The fathers of the monastery preached from St. Nikolaus, usually one to two week missions in numerous communities in the Ruhr area and the Rhineland. During the Second World War, the monastery also served as a hospital from October 1944 . As a result, a military cemetery was set up on the monastery grounds in 1945 .
In 1953, the Oblates opened a study home for late-career workers in the Nikolauskloster . In 1976 the students of the student residence founded the brass band "The jolly traditional musicians of St. Nicholas". This still exists today, but is now independent from the monastery.
Due to a lack of response, the study center was closed at the end of the 2000s; Today the Oblate Fathers run a center for children and family pastoral care in the monastery. For this purpose, the "Children's and Family Church" was built in 2016 from an old gym on the site.
Princely Crypt
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Below the monastery church is the family crypt of the old counts and princes of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck. Members of the princely family had been buried there since 1495. The old crypt was closed forever with the restoration of the church in 1859. At the same time, a new crypt was created, which has a cellar under most of the nave. The new crypt was first used for the burial of Prince Joseph in 1861. The last funeral to date was that of the Princess and Former Countess Cecilie zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck in 1991.
In the monastery church there is a large epitaph made of black and white marble on the south wall . The monument shows the coat of arms of the Counts of Salm-Reifferscheidt between two volutes , held by two putti . The epitaph is the grave monument of Count Erich-Adolph von Salm-Reifferscheidt († 1673) from the Bethlehem monastery . When the Bethlehem Monastery was abolished and subsequently sold in 1805, it was initially transferred to the old St. Lambertus Church in Bedburg , before it was erected in the St. Nicholas Monastery in 1895 when this church was demolished.
Others
The Nikolauskloster was filming location in 2014 and served as the backdrop for the episode Camilla and the Dead Nun ( 18th episode of the 11th season , first broadcast on February 17, 2015) of the ZDF crime series SOKO Cologne .
Tatort: Hundeleben with Klaus J. Behrendt and Dietmar Bär was filmed in 2003, among other places, in the Nikolauskloster.
literature
- Georg Allmang: History of the former regular tertiary monastery St. Nikolaus 1400-1911. Essen 1911.
- Josef Schmitz: Articles in: Neuß-Grevenbroicher Zeitung (Rheinische Post) of October 29, 1949, November 2 and 3, 1949: The hermit's little bell - a continuation story ; dated February 3, 1973: a wreath of medals, "Engines of Mission" ; from October 29, 1979: Wind instruments from St. Nikolaus 1980 almost fully booked. Students run a student residence with self-help.
- Bernhard Bleske, Thomas Klosterkamp : "So that God opens a door for us" The history of the St. Nikolauskloster near Schloss Dyck in the Neuss district . Provincialate of the Oblates MI, Mainz 2005
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Georg Allmang: History of the former regular tertiary monastery St. Nikolaus. Fredebeul & Koenen, Essen, 1911; 2nd chapter.
- ↑ a b c d e Georg Allmang: History of the former regular tertiary monastery of St. Nicholas. Fredebeul & Koenen, Essen, 1911; 10th chapter.
- ↑ a b c d e f Thomas Klosterkamp: "So that God opens a door for us". The history of the St. Nikolauskloster near Schloss Dyck in the Neuss district. Provincialate of Oblates MI, Mainz 2005, p. 126ff.
- ↑ memorial card collection for Cecilie zu Salm-Dyck Reifferscheidt- on www.rhein-erft-geschichte.de seen on July 27, 2016th
- ^ Georg Allmang: History of the former regular tertiary monastery St. Nikolaus. Fredebeul & Koenen, Essen 1911, Chapter 7
- ↑ Katharina Thalbach on filming for SOKO Cologne in the Nikolauskloster . Website of the Nikolauskloster, accessed on March 17, 2015.
- ↑ NGZ-Online - Schenk and Ballauf looking for a murderer , accessed on October 23, 2016.