North Frisian songs
North Frisian songs are songs whose texts are written in North Frisian . North Frisian songs were not recorded in writing until around 1900.
Distribution area
North Frisian songs are sung in the area where the North Frisian language is distributed, i.e. the North Frisian Islands including Helgoland and the mainland in the north of what is now the district of North Frisia . Through recordings on sound carriers, they were distributed nationwide, especially in the 1970s. In the North Frisian language area, Frisian songs are sung primarily at choir performances and public and private celebrations, including at Frisian church services. North Frisian songs also play a role in Frisian lessons .
history
After two waves of immigration from today's Netherlands , probably in the 8th and 11th centuries, people who mainly spoke North Frisian lived in North Frisia . Little is known about their songs. The song A Redher, a Bai or A bai reder (German probably: A knight danced) was written on Föhr and is about a woman who is killed by her brother because of her alleged contact with a knight. Other songs that have survived are a mocking song about a sheep theft in Strander Frisian from the 17th century and several North Frisian versions of the German folk song Es want a farmer to get up early. The songs were passed down orally , as the Frisian language was not used to write.
From 1900 onwards, there was also an awareness of the North Frisian traditions as part of the emerging homeland movement . Numerous songs were written and distributed in the North Frisian dialects. Among the copywriters of this era were Nis Albrecht Johannsen the Elder (1855-1935) and his son Nis Albrecht Johannsen the Younger (1888-1967) and the Foehrer Lorenz Conrad Peters, LC Peters for short (1885-1949), and Reinhard Arfsten (1897 -1971). The melodies often come from German folk tunes. On Sylt, Christian Peter Christiansen (1855–1922) wrote the hymn Üüs Sölring lun (Our Sylt). Bandix Friedrich Bonken translated chorales into the dialects Öömrang and Hallig Frisian . The Amrumer Artur Kruse (1893-1968) also wrote some songs Frisian. Numerous song books were created.
As part of the rediscovery of German folk songs in the 1970s as part of the folk movement , North Frisian texts were also set to music anew. Knut Kiesewetter's 1973 album You shouldn't forget me contained the song A Redher, a Bai in a new setting with a modernized text, as the Altfering of the first version was hardly understandable. A Bai is translated there as 'the peasant boy'. On Kiesewetter's follow-up album Nobody really loves me, which was released in 1974, there is another Frisian song called Biiken sung ( Biike song), which is sung in Bökinghard Frisian . In 1975 Sigrun Kiesewetter recorded the songs Die samer as kiimen (Summer has come) and Släip latj doote (Sleep, little daughter) in the Bökinghard Frisian. In 1976 Fiede Kay also sang the songs Worsleed (spring song ) and Gölj-rüdj-ween (gold-red-blue) in Bökingharder Frisian . On Knut Kiesewetter's 1976 album Leeder by mien Fresenhof , all the songs on the B-side are sung in North Frisian, including a new version of A Redher, a Bai and Biiken sung. The texts of the pieces recorded for the first time come from father and son Nis Albrecht Johannsen and Johannes Hansen. In 2013 the singer Norma from Föhr released two songs on Fering with eeb an flud and dü an ik , with which she also won the Frisian Musikweedstrid (music competition) in Bredstedt in the same year . In 2014, the Föhrer folk band Kalüün released an album with songs in the North Frisian language. In the same year it was awarded the German Record Critics' Prize in the “Lieder und Songs” category; the song Fering hüs was included in the top song list.
In 1977 the Nordfriisk Instituut in Bredstedt published the Kurtfaadet Liitjinbuk for Feer an Oomram (short song book for Föhr and Amrum), a collection of folk songs in Fering and Öömrang. The book is based on previously published song books. Further songbooks in various dialects followed, also from the Nordfriisk Instituut publishing house. In 2000 the 870-page church hymn book Loow nü e Hiire (Praise the Gentlemen) was published, which contains chorales in several North Frisian dialects.
The four stanzas of the Amrum song Min öömrang lun (My Amrumer Land) by LC Peters were carved into four granite stones that were set up at different locations on the island of Amrum.
content
Apart from the chorales, almost all of the texts have regional references. They are about love for the North Frisian homeland, the festive days and seasons as well as love. Most of the songs are sung in major keys and their verse form corresponds to German folk songs.
North Frisian song books
- Julius Tedsen, Ferdinand Zacchi (Hrsg.): Föhringer song book. 2nd Edition. Wyk 1913
- Bandix Friedrich Bonken: Lidjan unt Ömrang and Halleg fresco. Jensen, Breklum 1914
- North Frisian songs in Mooringer dialect. C. Jessen son, 1921
- Bandix Friedrich Bonken: To Lidjenbuk and Fresk. Jensen, Breklum 1925
- Halli-Ledebök. Nordfriesische Rundschau, Niebüll 1925
- Andreas Hübbe (Ed.): Söl'ring dechtings en Leedjis. 3. Edition. Gräfe, Hamburg 1927
- LC Peters (Ed.): Ferring-ömreng Liedjinbuck. 1927
- Chr. Jensen, A. Boysen (Ed.): Shong Frash. Holbæk 1952
- Reinhard Arfsten (Ed.): Leet üß schong: en fering-öömring Liidjinbuk. Oldsum 1953
- Reinhard Arfsten (ed.): Koor-Liidjinbuk för Fehr to Oomram. Oldsum 1957
- Reinhard Arfsten (Ed.): Nei Koorliidjinbuk för Fehr an Oomram. Oldsum 1962
- Fering Ferian (Ed.): Kurtfaadet Liitjinbuk för Feer an Oomram. Nordfriisk Instituut, Bredstedt / Bräist 1977
- Alfred Boysen (Ed.): Frisia cantat II. 1979
- Jens Lorenzen (Ed.): Nai hali-leedeböök. 25 freeske leede and 10 koraole. Nordfriisk Instituut, Bredstedt / Bräist 1979, ISBN 3-88007-081-4
- 23 Sunge to Jül to Nai-Iir aw Mooringer Frasch. 2nd Edition. Nordfriisk Instituut, Bredstedt / Bräist 1982, ISBN 3-88007-049-0
- Ernst Martin Dahl: Loow nü e Hiire . North Frisian hymnbook. Nordfriisk Instituut, Bredstedt / Bräist 2000, ISBN 978-3-88007-281-7
- Dörte Flor (Ed.): Lätj us friisk sjunge. Nordfriisk Instituut, Bredstedt / Bräist 2000, ISBN 978-3-88007-306-7
- Üüs Fraschlönj. Classical folk songs. North Frisian Heimatverein Dagebüll, with long-playing record
literature
- Volkert F. Faltings, Jan Faltings, Dennis Werner: Songs and dances from Föhr and Amrum. A contribution to the island of Frisian music history. Jens Quedens publishing house, Wittdün on Amrum 2015.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ommo Wilts: The North Frisian Literature . In: Horst Haider Munske, Nils Århammar (Ed.): Handbook of Frisian studies . Walter de Gruyter, 2001, ISBN 3-484-73048-X , p. 399, 534 (845 p., Limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Üüs Sölring Lun ( Memento from February 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ DNB data sheet
- ↑ Second music competition with 26 Frisian songs and a new CD . Friisk Foriining
- ^ Official site of Norma Schulz
- ↑ Great success for a Föhrer band . Island Messenger