Oghuz languages

The Oghus languages ( Turkish Oğuz dilleri / Oğuzca ) or Southwest Turkish are a branch of the Turkic languages . Today they cover nine languages ​​with up to 100 million native speakers .

Its most important representatives today are the Turkish with around 60 million and the Azerbaijani language with around 30 million speakers.

Today's Oghusian Turkic languages ​​are "West Oghusian", "East Oghusian" and "South Oghusian". These Turkic languages ​​include the following languages ​​or dialects:

• West Oghusian:
  • Turkish
  • Azerbaijani
  • Gagauz

• East Oghusian:
  • Turkmen
  • Khorasan Turkish

• South Oghusian:
  • Kashgaish
  • Aynallu
  • Afsharish

Salarian is now part of the south-east Turkish group ( Uighur ), but historically it developed from the Oghus language branch of the Turkic languages. Conversely, the Crimean Tatar and the Urum (language) developed from the Kipchak language group , but came closer to the Oghuz languages.

language	Number of speakers	mainly widespread in the following countries (with number of speakers)
Turkish	60 million	Turkey 55 million ( S2 70 million), Balkans 2.5 million, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus 300,000, CIS 300,000, Germany 2 million, other Western and Central Europe 700,000
Gagauz	330,000	Republic of Moldova 170,000, Balkans 130,000, Ukraine 20,000, Bulgaria 10,000
Azerbaijani	20-30 million	Iran 12–20 million, Azerbaijan 8 million, Turkey 500,000, Iraq 500,000, Russia 350,000, Georgia 300,000, Armenia 200,000
Turkmen	6.8 million	Turkmenistan 3.8 million, Iran 2 million, Afghanistan 500,000, Iraq 250,000, Uzbekistan 250,000
Khorasan Turkish	1,000,000	Iran ( Khorasan Province )
Kashgai	1.5 million	Iran ( Fars Provinces , Chuzestan )
Aynallu	7,000	Iran ( Markazi , Ardebil , Zanjan provinces )
Afsharish	300,000	Afghanistan ( Kabul , Herat ), northeast Iran
Salarian	55,000	China ( Qinghai Provinces , Gansu )

literature

• Heinz F. Wendt: The Fischer Lexicon. Languages (= Fischer pocket books. 4561). Revised and corrected new edition, original edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verl., Frankfurt am Main 1987, ISBN 3-596-24561-3 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Lars Johanson, Éva Csató (Ed.): The Turkic languages. Routledge, London et al. 1998, ISBN 0-415-08200-5 , p. 82.
2. ↑ Lars Johanson, Éva Csató (Ed.): The Turkic languages. Routledge, London et al. 1998, ISBN 0-415-08200-5 , p. 83.