Oldersumer Sieltief

Oldersumer Sieltief Oldersumer Tief, Großes Tief
Oldersumer Tief in Oldersum, from top left; below the Mahlbusen of the Siel, left connection to the Ems side canal
Data
Water code	EN : 394
location	East Frisia , Lower Saxony , Germany
River system	Ems
Drain over	Ems  → North Sea
Origin: pseudobifurcation	Grenzgraben near Großefehn - Wrisse (as a source stream of the northern upper reaches of the Fehntjer low) 53 ° 25 ′ 32 ″  N , 7 ° 35 ′ 38 ″  E
Source height	4  m
muzzle	in the Ems in Oldersum Coordinates: 53 ° 19 ′ 18 "  N , 7 ° 20 ′ 26"  E 53 ° 19 ′ 18 "  N , 7 ° 20 ′ 26"  E
Mouth height	0  m above sea level NHN
Height difference	4 m
Bottom slope	0.15 ‰
length	26.6 km  with Fehntjer Tief and the lower part of Flumm
Catchment area	235 km²

The Oldersumer Sieltief (also called Oldersumer Tief or Großes Tief ) is a meandering body of water in the municipality of Moormerland in the district of Leer in East Friesland . It takes its name from the village of Oldersum , where it flows into the Ems via a sluice and pumping station .

Course and backwaters

The Oldersumer Sieltief branches off from the Fehntjer Tief north of Oldersum near the Groß Mönnikeborgum farmstead and flows south towards Oldersum. To the north of the village, the low describes a wide arc in which it almost reverses its general north-south flow direction over a short section. On its way through the center of Oldersum it takes a branch canal from the west to the Ems side canal and from the east the Rorichumer Tief , which drains large parts of the Moormerland via the Oldersumer Sieltief.

history

Originally the Oldersumer Sieltief was the natural lower course of a body of water that lies in the moor and Geest area in the border area of ​​the (today) city of Aurich and the community of Großefehn . From there the Geestbach Flumm flowed in a south-westerly direction and flowed into the Ems at Oldersum. In the course of the creation of Westgroßefehn by Emder citizens in 1633, the drainage and traffic situation in the area in question was changed by the creation of the Fehntjer depression between the city and the Groß Mönnikeborgum farm. On the entire stretch between Westgroßefehn and Emden, the water has since been called Fehntjer Tief. Flumm remained as the name for the natural course of the Geestbach northeast of Westgroßefehn, and the branch from Hof ​​Groß Mönnikeborgum to Oldersum has since been called Oldersumer Sieltief.

For centuries, the natural depths and drainage canals that run through the area around Emden in a dense network have been the most important modes of transport. Not only the villages but also many farms were connected to the city of Emden and the port of Oldersum via ditches and canals. The latter place was often the home port for those ships owned by Fehntjer who were too big for the narrow Fehn canals and were more involved in coastal shipping. The boat traffic with Emden was particularly important. Village boatmen took over the supply of goods from the city and delivered agricultural products in the opposite direction: “From the Sielhafenort, smaller ships, so-called Loog ships, transported the cargo to the inland and supplied the marsh villages (loog = village). The loog ships from the Krummhörn enlivened the canals of the city of Emden until the 20th century. "

Peat, which was mostly extracted in the East Frisian Fehnen , played an important role as heating material for the inhabitants of the marshland for centuries . The peat ships brought the material on the East Frisian canal network to the villages of the Krummhörn and on the Ems - just like Oldersum. On their way back into the Fehnsiedlungen the Torfschiffer often took clay soil from the march and the manure of cattle with which they their home were dug fertilized land.

drainage

Along with the Petkumer Sieltief and the Sauteler Canal, the Oldersumer Sieltief is one of the main receiving waters for large parts of central East Frisia up to the Auricher Geest. Together with its tributaries, it drains part of the municipalities of Aurich , Ihlow , Großefehn and Moormerland . The Oldersum Drainage Association is responsible for the maintenance of the sewage deep and its backwaters , which is based there and also operates a sewer and pumping station in the village . Parts of the association area are below sea ​​level , so that without sufficient drainage, those areas would be under water if there was persistent rainfall .

literature

• Theodor Janssen: Hydrology of East Frisia. Verlag Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1967, without ISBN.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Lower Saxony environmental maps: DTK25, hydrographic map and water network
2. ↑ Umwelt.niedersachsen: Area codes and sizes of the catchment areas in the Ems river system (PDF for download)
3. ↑ This article is based, unless otherwise referenced, on Theodor Janssen: Gewässerkunde Ostfrieslands. Verlag Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1967, without ISBN, p. 206 ff.
4. ^ Harm Wiemann / Johannes Engelmann: Old streets and ways in East Frisia . Verlag Deichacht Krummhörn, Pewsum 1974, p. 169 ( East Frisia in the protection of the dyke , vol. 8)
5. ^ Gunther Hummerich: The peat shipping of the Fehntjer in Emden and the Krummhörn in the 19th and 20th centuries. In: Emder Yearbook for Historical Regional Studies in Ostfriesland , Volume 88/89 (2008/2009), pp. 142–173, here p. 163.
6. ↑ Map of the association area ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 4.9 MB), accessed on July 6, 2013.