Argolic ragwort

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Argolic ragwort
Ophrys argolica Greece 641.jpg

Argolic Ragwort ( Ophrys argolica )

Systematics
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Orchidoideae
Tribe : Orchideae
Sub tribus : Orchidinae
Genre : Ragwurzen ( Ophrys )
Type : Argolic ragwort
Scientific name
Ophrys argolica
H. meat m.

The Argolic Ragwort ( Ophrys argolica ) is a species of the Ragwurzen ( Ophrys ) within the orchid family (Orchidaceae). The up to seven subspecies are distributed from the Mediterranean to Western Asia.

description

The subspecies of Ophrys argolica grow as perennial herbaceous plants .

Only for the nominate form Ophrys argolica subsp. argolica , the following description applies:

Vegetative characteristics

Ophrys argolica subsp. argolica reaches heights of growth of mostly 10 to 30 centimeters, rarely up to 50 centimeters. It forms two spherical tubers as persistence organs. At the base of the stem there are no scaly leaves , sometimes one or two . Three to six leaves are grouped together in a base rosette and two to three leaves can be found further up on the stem.

Ophrys argolica subsp. argolica

Generative characteristics

The flowering period of Ophrys argolica subsp. argolica ranges from March to May. The loose inflorescence includes two to eight flowers . Usually the bracts are longer than the ovary .

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and threefold. The narrow, egg-shaped sepals are red to pink in color , just like the hairy petals . The rounded, undivided to three-lobed lip appears dark red-brown; occasionally specimens can be found whose lip has a purple border. The mark is in the form of two isolated or connected spots with a white border. The lip is silvery hairy on the shoulders.

Locations

Ophrys argolica subsp. argolica thrives on grasslands, garrigues , sparse coniferous forests and maquis with lime-rich soils up to an altitude of around 1000 meters.

Zygomorphic flower of the eyeglass ragwort ( Ophrys argolica subsp. Biscutella )

Systematics

The first description of Ophrys argolica was made by Andreas Fleischmann in Friedrich (Fritz) Karl Max Vierhapper: Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna. Volume 69, 1919 page 295.

From Ophrys argolica there depending on the author several subspecies:

  • Aegean Orchid ( Ophrys argolica subsp. Aegaea (cold iron & HRReinhard) HAPedersen & Faurh. , Syn .: Ophrys aegaea Kalteisen & HRReinhard , Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. Aegaea (cold iron & HRReinhard) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz ): This new combination took place in 2002. The subspecies occurs only on the Greek islands of the southern Aegean Sea of the Cyclades and Dodecanese to Kárpathos at altitudes between 0 and 800 meters.
  • Ophrys argolica H. Fleischm. subsp. argolica (Syn .: Ophrys icariensis M.Hirth & H.Spaeth , Ophrys argolica subsp. icariensis (M.Hirth & H.Spaeth) Kreutz , Ophrys olympiotissa Paulus ): It occurs on the mainland of southern-central to southern Greece at high altitudes between 0 and 1000 meters above sea level. Anthophora plagiata was observed as a pollinator .
  • Glasses Orchid ( Ophrys argolica subsp. Biscutella (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Kreutz , Syn .: Ophrys Biscutella O.Danesch & E.Danesch , Ophrys crabronifera subsp. Biscutella (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Klaver & Kreutz , Ophrys exaltata subsp. Sundermannii Soó ): This new combination took place in 2004. The subspecies occurs only in southern Italy and the island of Korčula, which belongs to Croatia, at altitudes between 0 and 1300 meters above sea level. Anthophora retusa was observed as a pollinator .
  • Antalya Ragwurz ( Ophrys argolica subsp. Climacis (Heimeier & Perschke) HAPedersen & PJCribb , Syn .: Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. Climacis (Heimeier & Perschke) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz ): The new combination took place in 2019. This subspecies is coming in Turkey in the area of ​​Antalya at altitudes between 0 and 1200 meters above sea level.
  • Hornets orchid ( Ophrys argolica subsp. Crabronifera (Sebast. & Mauri) Faurh. , Syn .: Ophrys crabronifera Sebast. & Mauri , Ophrys exaltata var. Virescens divan , Ophrys fuciflora subsp. Pollinensis E.Nelson , Ophrys holoserica subsp. Pollinensis ( E. Nelson) O.Danesch & E. Danesch , Ophrys pollinensis E. Nelson ex Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers , Ophrys argolica subsp. Pollinensis (E. Nelson) Kreutz , Ophrys crabronifera subsp. Pollinensis (E. Nelson ex Devillers-Tersch . & Devillers) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz , Ophrys crabronifera subsp. virescens (divan) Klaver & Kreutz ): This new combination carried out in 2002. This endemic is only in the central to southern Italy at altitudes between 0 and 1000 meters above sea level before. Anthophora plumipes was observed as the pollinator .
  • Dainty orchid ( Ophrys argolica . Subsp elegans (Renz) E.Nelson , Syn .: Ophrys gottfriediana . Subsp elegans Renz , Ophrys elegans (Renz) H.Baumann & Künkele ): This endemic only comes on Cyprus at altitudes from 0 to 1,400 meters Above sea level. Anthophora has been observed as a pollinator .
  • Lesbis ragwurz ( Ophrys argolica subsp. Lesbis (Gölz & HRReinhard) HAPedersen & Faurh. , Syn .: Ophrys lesbis Gölz & HRReinhard , Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. Lesbis (Gölz & HRReinhard) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz ): This New combination to took place in 2002. The subspecies is endemic to the island of Lesbos and occurs at altitudes between 0 and 200 meters.
  • Rhodian bee orchid ( Ophrys argolica subsp. Lucis (cold iron & HRReinhard) HAPedersen & Faurh. , Syn .: Ophrys aegaea subsp. Lucis Kalteisen & HRReinhard , Ophrys lucis (cold iron & HRReinhard) Paul & Gack , Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. Lucis (Kalteisen & HRReinhard) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz , Ophrys argolica subsp. Atargatis Kreutz , Ophrys atargatis (Kreutz) P.Delforge ): The new combination took place in 2002. The subspecies comes from Rhodos , Tilos and Nisyros to southern and southwestern Turkey in Altitudes between 0 and 1000 meters above sea level.

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literature

  • Henrik Ærenlund Pedersen, Niels Faurholdt: Ophrys. The Bee Orchids of Europe. , 2007, ISBN 978-1842-4615-25 , pp. 1-297.
  • P. Dimopoulos, T. Raus, E. Bergmeier, T. Constantinidis, G. Iatrou, S. Kokkini, A. Strid, D. Tzanoudakis: Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist. , Pp. 1–372, Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens , 2013.
  • Helmut Baumann , Siegfried Künkele and Richard Lorenz: Orchids of Europe with adjacent areas . Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 2006, page 142.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Rafaël Govaerts, 2003: World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-71827. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Ophrys argolica. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  2. ↑ a b c d Karl-Peter Buttler : Orchids, the wild-growing species and subspecies of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Mosaik Verlag 1986, ISBN 3-570-04403-3 .
  3. ↑ Henrik Ærenlund Pedersen, Niels Faurholdt: Ophrys. The Bee Orchids of Europe. , 2007, ISBN 978-1842-4615-25 , pp. 1-297.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Helmut Baumann , Siegfried Künkele and Richard Lorenz: Orchids of Europe with adjacent areas . Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 2006, pages 142-154.
  5. ↑ Ophrys argolica in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.3. Posted by: H. Rankou, 2011. Retrieved February 28, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Argolische Ragwurz ( Ophrys argolica )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files