Moldova's parliamentary election 2019
The election to the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova took place on February 24, 2019. It was the ninth parliamentary election since the country gained independence in 1991. Since no government was formed within the prescribed time, new elections were scheduled for September 6, 2019, which did not take place, however, as the Socialist Party and the ACUM party bloc against Plahotniuc and his Democratic Party and formed a government coalition on June 8, 2019.
Suffrage
All 101 members of the one-chamber parliament were newly elected. 51 MPs were elected by majority vote in as many constituencies , the remaining seats are distributed according to proportional representation via nationwide lists. Until the electoral law was changed in July 2018 at the initiative of the Democratic Party of Moldova , all 101 seats were distributed proportionally. The threshold clauses for proportional representation were not changed: 6% for a list of one party, 9% for a joint list of two parties, 11% for a joint list of more than two parties and 2% for non-party candidates.
background
The political situation in the Republic of Moldova has been burdened for years by the conflict over the fundamental direction of Moldova's foreign policy. While the traditionally more left-wing parties PCRM , PSRM , PN , PRM and PȘ stand for the country's alignment with Russia, the traditionally more liberal-conservative parties Liberal Party , Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova , Democratic Party of Moldova , Dignity and Truth , PEMAVE , PDA , PNL and Party of Action and Solidarity for the country to join the European Union .
After the PCRM and its de facto coalition partner, the Christian Democratic People's Party , lost a majority in the parliamentary elections in July 2009 , the pro-European parties ruled in different constellations. However, PSRM candidate Igor Dodon won the 2016 presidential election .
The main parties
- PSRM : The Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova has existed since 1997. Apart from its left-wing orientation, the party is considered to represent the Russian minority and to be pro-Russian. In previous elections, she missed entry into parliament or supported the communists. After the PCRM had moved closer to the pro-European parties in terms of foreign policy, numerous prominent communists joined the PSRM, so that at the last election in 2014, overcoming the barrier was seen as possible for the first time. Contrary to the polls in 2014, the PSMR was the strongest party. The party leader since 2011 was Igor Dodon , who left the PCRM that year until he was elected president in 2016 .
- PDM : The Democratic Party of Moldova belongs to the social democratic party family (member of the Socialist International ). It was founded in 1997 and was given its current name in 2000. In elections it was always part of a western-oriented alliance. Its chairman Vladimir Plahotniuc is considered to be the richest man in Moldova, who de facto controls Moldovan politics and economy.
- ACUM : The pro-European electoral alliance ACUM Platforma DA și PAS consists of the Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova (PLDM), the Social Liberal Dignity and Truth (PPDA) and the liberal Partidul Acțiune și Solidaritate (PAS). ACUM is also supported by the pro-Romanian Partidul Unității Naționale (PUN) and the liberal Partidul Liberal Reformator (PLR).
- PȘ : The Partidul ȘOR (PȘ) was founded in 1998 as Mişcare Social-Politică Republicană Ravnopravie . She is considered pro-Russian and eurosceptic.
- PL : The Liberal Party was founded in 1993 as a party of reform with a Christian Democratic program. As a result, she always failed to enter parliament. In 2005, the party was radically rebuilt so that it received its current name and accordingly dedicated itself programmatically to liberalism; Mihai Ghimpu became party leader . In 2009 she moved into parliament. Ghimpu was parliamentary and thus incumbent president until the end of 2010.
- PCRM : The Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova (PCRM) has existed since 1993 and is regarded as the successor to the Partidul Comunist al Moldovei (PCM) founded in August 1991 and before that the CPSU as a part of the Soviet Union. Its chairman has been Vladimir Voronin since 1994 . After the parliamentary elections in 2001 , the communists received an absolute majority and were subsequently able to hold the three highest state offices for eight years: President Voronin, Prime Minister Vasile Tarlev and Zinaida Greceanîi and Parliament Presidents Eugenia Ostapciuc and Marian Lupu . During the political crisis of 2009, however, the communists lost their power to govern and have been in the opposition ever since.
- PPEM : The Partidul Popular European din Moldova (PPEM) split from the PLDM in 2015 and has been in government since then.
- PN : The Partidul Nostru (PN) was founded in 1994 as Partidul Țărănesc Creştin Democrat din Moldova ( Moldova's Christian Democratic Peasant Party ). In 2014 the entrepreneur Renato Usatîi joined the party and shortly afterwards took over its leadership. Since then, the party has been strongly tailored to the person of Usatîis, who is particularly popular among younger people. The party is generally considered to be pro-Russian and eurosceptic. In the 2014 parliamentary elections, the party, which in polls was over 10%, was excluded from this a few days before the election - officially because of undeclared party donations. In the local elections in 2015, the Partidul Nostru received 11.15% of the vote. The greatest success was achieved in Bălți , the second largest city in the country, where Usatîi was elected mayor with 72.5% of the vote.
Results
According to preliminary information, the turnout was 49.07%.
| list | Voting share in% |
be right | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova (Partidul Socialiştilor din Republica Moldova) |
31.15 | 441.181 | 34 |
| Electoral alliance ACUM | 26.84 | 380.180 | 27 |
|
Democratic Party of Moldova (Partidul Democrat din Moldova) |
23.62 | 334,544 | 30th |
| Partidul ȘOR | 8.32 | 117,774 | 7th |
|
Communist Party of the Republic of Moldova (Partidul Comuniştilor din Republica Moldova) |
3.75 | 53,173 | - |
| Partidul Nostru | 2.95 | 41,745 | - |
|
Liberal Party (Partidul Liberal) |
1.25 | 17,445 | - |
| Others | 2.11 | 29,958 | - |
| Independent | - | - | 3 |
|
total (turnout: 49.07%) |
100.00 | 1,416,300 | 101 |
| Source: pv.cec.md | |||
Survey
Predictions before the election
PSRM has been seen as the strongest party by all institutes since 2016. The values determined shortly before the election varied from just under 34% to 49% depending on the research institute. The PDM party fell into the single-digit range for a long time after the parliamentary elections in 2014, but increased again from autumn 2018 and was positioned as the second or third largest force with 20-25%.
The right-wing liberal electoral alliance ACUM has also been seen at 20-25% since their merger. Although the PLDM (as part of ACUM) was the second strongest party in 2014 and reached almost 30% in 2010 , it fell to 3% in polls at the end of 2015 and has even not been listed by some institutes since September 2016. By contrast , another alliance member, the PAS, won after its candidate Maia Sandu, with the help of the Moldovan Democratic Party , the PLR, the PLDM and the PPDA, won 38.7% in the presidential election and 47.9% in the runoff election Polls and came to around 30% in early 2017, but fell to 10-15% in mid-2018. The other alliance partners PUN, on the other hand, were always around 1% and PPDA around 10%.
The Russia-friendly party PȘ first appeared in surveys in mid-2018 and was able to increase to values between 5 and 9% shortly before the election. In a survey from December 2015, the Partidul Nostru (PN) was the strongest political force in the country, but consequently fell into a low single-digit range. PPEM was originally at 10%, but it has only been at 1% since October 2016 and the values for the party were most recently unrecognized. The PCRM party, which was the third strongest force in the 2014 election with over 17%, was only forecast to be 4-6% in the 2019 election. The liberal PL was seen as the strongest force in the first few months after the 2014 election, but is now only at 1–2%.
Course of survey values
Web links
- List of surveys in English Wikipedia
- Debate: Which camp will prevail in the Republic of Moldova? in the press review of eurotopics ( Federal Agency for Civic Education )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from February 25, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Valeria Vițu: 24 February 2019, ziua alegerilor parlamentare în R.Moldova ( Romanian )
- ↑ Moscow supports a pro-Western government in Moldova , by Volker Pabst, NZZ June 13, 2019
- ^ State crisis in Moldova, uprising against the oligarch , Der Spiegel June 11, 2019
- ↑ Crisis escalates power struggle in Moldova: oligarch attacks president
- ↑ Moldovan national crisis President sacked, dissolved parliament , Der Spiegel 9 June 2019
- ^ Government crisis in the Republic of Moldova Europe's poor house rebels against the richest man in the country , Der Spiegel June 9, 2019
- ↑ President of the Republic of Moldova "I do not believe that we can become a member of the EU in the current situation" in Spiegel Online from September 1, 2019
- ↑ Fischer Weltalmanach 2019, p. 324
- ↑ Moldova crisis: an elite power grab? in BBC News of January 27, 2016; accessed on February 18, 2019
- ↑ Financial Times on the oligarchs from Eastern Europe : Plahotniuc, the richest man from Moldova, came to power a long time ago; accessed on February 18, 2019
- ^ The Political Theater of the Republic of Moldova. The balance of power in an election year in Center for Eastern Studies (OSW) January 31, 2018; accessed on February 19, 2019
- ↑ The powerful tycoon sees Moldova on the path of the EU regardless of the election result , Reuters , November 11, 2016; accessed on February 18, 2019
- ↑ Inside the Uprising Against Moldova's Donald Trump The Daily Beast , January 27, 2016; accessed on February 18, 2019
- ↑ Parliamentary election 2019 on unimedia.info on February 24, 2019, accessed on February 24, 2019 (Romanian)
- ↑ Stop Vot! Rata de participare la alegeri - 49%; Peste 1,4 milioane de cetățeni au votat, potrivit datelor preliminare (= "Stop Vot! Voter participation rate - 49%; according to preliminary data, more than 1.4 million citizens voted") on jurnal.md on February 24, 2019; accessed on February 24, 2019 (Romanian).
- ↑ http://point.md/ru/novosti/politika/opros58-ldpm-v-parlament-ne-prohodit-da-oboshla-psrm
