Paul Ludwig Troost

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Paul Ludwig Troost, 1930

Paul Ludwig Troost (born August 17, 1878 in Elberfeld , † January 21, 1934 in Munich ) was a German architect and interior designer . Among other things, he built the “ Führerbau ” on Königsplatz in Munich from 1933 and was responsible for the renovation of the “ Brown House ” in Munich.

Life

Troost studied architecture at the Technical University of Darmstadt , where he was a student of Karl Hofmann , among others ; After graduating, he worked first for his brother, the consistorial builder Ludwig Hofmann, and then in Heinrich Metzendorf's office . From 1901/02 he was office manager at Martin Dülfer in Munich. From 1904 (according to other sources: 1906) he worked as a freelance architect in Munich. Troost was also a member of the German Werkbund . In 1917 Troost was appointed professor. Between 1912 and 1930 he set up a number of transatlantic express steamers operated by North German Lloyd , such as the Europa , and shaped the so-called steamship style . The cooperation with the NDL was due to the cooperation between the shipping company and the Deutscher Werkbund. Troost played a key role in the interior design of Cecilienhof Palace in Potsdam .

It was Elsa and Hugo Bruckmann who brokered the private contact between Troost and Adolf Hitler in the fall of 1930 . Troost was Hitler's favorite architect before Albert Speer , for whom he began in 1933 with the renovation of the “Führer Apartment” in the old Reich Chancellery in Berlin . In doing so, Troost often resorted to stylistic elements and motifs from his steamer furnishings and a monumentalized Art Déco .

Since Troost died unexpectedly in January 1934, his work as a Nazi master builder was largely limited to Munich. However, together with Ludwig Ruff, who died in the same year, he was much more than Albert Speer, shaping the style of the architectural language of the “Third Reich”. His best-known building is the "House of German Art" (today " House of Art ") in Munich, which was only completed long after his death and which was the venue for the Great German Art Exhibition .

Posthumously Troost was honored with the German National Prize for Art and Science , founded in 1937 . His widow Gerdy Troost continued to have a great influence on architecture under National Socialism and in 1943 received a grant of 100,000 Reichsmarks from Hitler .

Troost's grave is in Munich's north cemetery .

Buildings (selection)

Ballroom of the Europa , 1930
House of Art in Munich

literature

  • Sabine Brantl: House of Art Munich. A place and its history under National Socialism. Allitera Verlag, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-86520-242-0 ( Edition Monacensia ).
  • Sonja Günther: Design of Power. Furniture for representatives of the “Third Reich”. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-421-03029-4 .
  • Hartmut Mayer: Paul Ludwig Troost: "Germanic tectonics" for Munich. Wasmuth, Tübingen / Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-8030-0678-3 .
  • Winfried Nerdinger (Ed.): Building in National Socialism. Bavaria 1933–1945. Klinkhardt and Biermann, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-7814-0360-2 .
  • R. Kain: Paul Ludwig Troost and spatial art on board . In: The Güldenkammer, 1944.
  • Timo Nüßlein: Paul Ludwig Troost - the early architectural work 1902–1913; Houses, projects and competition designs. Master's thesis, Freiburg 2004.
  • Timo Nüßlein: Paul Ludwig Troost (1878–1934) (= Hitler's architects. Historical-critical monographs on regime architecture under National Socialism. Ed. By Winfried Nerdinger and Raphael Rosenberg. Vol. 1), Böhlau, Vienna a. a. 2012, ISBN 978-3-205-78865-2 .

Web links

Commons : Paul Ludwig Troost  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sebastian Brüninghaus: The word made of stone. Building under National Socialism. Diplomica, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-8366-8940-3 , pp. 16-18.
  2. ↑ cf. Joan Campbell : The German Werkbund, 1907-1934. Munich 1989, p. 59f.
  3. ^ Wolfgang Martynkewicz: Salon Germany. Spirit and Power 1900–1945 . Construction Verlag, Berlin 2009 p. 90.
  4. ^ Karl Arndt: The Munich architecture scene 1933/34 as an aesthetic-political field of conflict . In: Martin Broszat, Elke Fröhlich and Anton Grossmann (eds.): Bavaria in the Nazi era . Published as part of the project "Resistance and Persecution in Bavaria 1933-1945". tape 3 . Oldenbourg, Munich 1981, ISBN 3-486-42381-9 , I. "The House of German Art". a symbol of the new power relations, p. 444 ( (digitized version [accessed on August 28, 2012] note 2)).
  5. ↑ http://www.tagesspiegel.de/kultur/hitlers-architekten-karo-und-klassizismus/13995648.html
  6. ↑ Gerd R. Ueberschär , Winfried Vogel : Serving and earning. Hitler's gifts to his elites . Frankfurt 1999, ISBN 3-10-086002-0 .
  7. ^ Villa of Robert Gerhard Böninger (Oberföhringer Straße 24) , website in the portal nordostkultur-muenchen.de , accessed on July 19, 2019
  8. ^ Eugen Kalkschmidt: New architecture in Munich . In: Architektonische Rundschau - Sketch sheets from all areas of architecture 31/1914 (digitized version )
  9. ↑ a b Wasmuth's monthly magazine for architecture, issue 1/1914 (digitized version )
  10. ↑ http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/imperia/md/content/fakultaeten/phil/zegk/iek/dokoranden/nuesslein.pdf
personal data
SURNAME Troost, Paul Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect
DATE OF BIRTH 17th August 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Elberfeld
DATE OF DEATH January 21, 1934
Place of death Munich