Pacific hurricane season 2016

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Pacific hurricane season 2016

All the storms of the season
Formation of the first storm	January 7, 2016
Dissolution of the last storm	November 26, 2016
Strongest storm	Seymour - 940  hPa  ( mbar ), 130  kn  (240  km / h )  (1 minute)
Tropical lows	23
Storms	22nd
Hurricanes	13
Severe hurricanes ( Cat. 3+ )	6th
Total number of victims	11
Total damage	$ 95.8 million   (2016)
Pacific hurricane season 2014 , 2015 , 2016 , 2017 , 2018

The 2016 Pacific hurricane season was an active season that produced a total of twenty-two named storms, thirteen hurricanes, and six major hurricanes. Overall, however, the activity was lower than that of the previous year. It showed sporadic periods of inactivity, especially at the beginning and at the end of the season. The season typically begins on May 15 in the Eastern Pacific and June 15 in the Central Pacific. The hurricane season officially ended on November 30, 2016. These dates conventionally limit the time each year that most tropical cyclones form in the Pacific Basin, east of the date line.

However, Hurricane Pali formed well before the official start of the season in January, showing that tropical cyclones can form at any time of the year. However, after Pali, the active season started slowly, becoming the first season since 2011 that no tropical cyclones occurred in May, and also the first since 2007 that there were no storms in June.

Hurricane Darby struck the Hawaiian Islands as a tropical storm and caused little damage. Hurricanes Lester and Madeline threatened to hit Hawaii directly as such, but were significantly weakened as they approached. Both Tropical Storm Javier and Hurricane Newton hit Mexico, and the latter was responsible for at least nine deaths in the state of Baja California Sur. Hurricane Ulika was a rare and volatile storm. Hurricane Seymour formed in late October and was the strongest storm of the season. The season ended at the end of November when Hurricane Otto pulled from the Atlantic Ocean over Central America , which occurred as a moderate tropical storm in the eastern Pacific, but soon dissolved.

For tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean, see the article Atlantic hurricane season 2016 .

Season overview

Storms

Hurricane Pali

Category 2 hurricane
Duration	January 7th - January 14th
intensity	85 kn (155 km / h ) (1 minute) , 978 hPa

A strong and long-lasting westerly wind burst - the occurrence of a westerly wind that usually takes place during a strong El Niño - triggered tropical cyclogenesis within a constant, west-east-oriented, near-surface tropical surface trough located between 1 ° N and 3 ° N to 155 degrees west longitude. This led to the formation of a low pressure area on January 6th . Fired by unusually warm water surface temperatures estimated at around 29.5 ° C, the system gradually transformed into a tropical depression on January 7th. It is the earliest formation of a tropical low pressure area in the central Pacific Ocean since reliable records began, six days earlier than Tropical Storm Winona in 1989. A high pressure area directly above the system improved the poleward flow of the system and made it possible to form deeper Convection around the center, which quickly intensified the system into a tropical storm and was named Pali . Pali is the earliest tropical storm in the eastern Pacific.

Pali intensified even further on the morning of January 8th and almost reached hurricane strength, but eastern vertical wind shear due to the high pressure area disturbed the center, initiated a weakening and pushed the system to the northwest. The weakening continued steadily through January 9, as the deep convection of the system lay west of the ground-level center and pulsed only intermittently, which later led to a dramatic loss of intensity. At the end of the day, Pali barely reached the strength of a tropical storm, but the lack of sustained deep convection meant that the system was less affected by the easterly wind shear, which is why the forward speed decreased significantly. As the high pressure area weakened and withdrew southwards on January 10, the vertical wind shear also gradually decreased, and Pali began to intensify again. Persistent deep convection began to form again near the center and in the western quadrant. On January 11th, the high pressure area moved directly over Pali, restoring the outflow and finally creating a southwesterly air flow, so that the convection slowly spread and organized into all quadrants and brought about a northeastern pulling direction. On January 12, light vertical wind shear and high water temperatures enabled Pali to amplify into a Category 1 hurricane, making Pali the earliest hurricane in the Pacific Ocean, breaking the previous 1992 record set by Hurricane Ekeka . During the course of the day, Pali moved south and after further intensification reached the peak intensity in category 2.

In the course of the following days, Pali weakened quickly as the storm pulled back in a south-southeast direction, because on the one hand the southern wind shear increased and on the other hand the Coriolis force showed less and less effect. Due to a further decline in deep convection, Pali was declared a residual low late on January 14th. Pali reached a north latitude of 2.3 ° N by then and is the second most southern tropical cyclone in the northeastern Pacific after the Tropical Depression Area Nine-C ; Nine-C had reached 2.2 ° N just two weeks earlier. Pali thus completed a railway that ended only about 50 nautical miles from the point at which it had started.

Unrelated to Pali, Hurricane Alex developed across the Atlantic during the last few days of Pali's existence. This was the first known occurrence of simultaneous tropical cyclones in January between the two basins.

Storm names

Tropical cyclones and hurricanes that form in the eastern Pacific Ocean in 2016 are named using the list of names below. This list of names is identical to the one used in 2010, and these names will also be used during the 2022 Pacific hurricane season , when the World Meteorological Organization does not delete it from the list of tropical cyclone names in spring 2017 . Unused names are shown in gray  (not used) .

Agatha Blow Celia Darby Estelle Frank Georgette Howard

Ivette Javier Kay Lester Madeline Newton Orlene Paine

Roslyn Seymour Tina Virgil  (unused) Winifred  (unused) Xavier  (unused) Yolanda  (unused) Zeke  (unused)

Otto came from the Atlantic Basin to the northeastern Pacific Basin and kept his name after surviving its passage through Central America as a tropical cyclone. However, the name "Otto" was later withdrawn due to its significant impact in Central America.

Tropical cyclones and hurricanes that formed in the central Pacific Ocean in 2016 are given names from a separate list of names. These are awarded by the Central Pacific Hurricane Center . The next three names on this list are:

Pali

Ulika

Walaka  (unused)

Web links

Commons : 2016 Pacific Hurricane Season  - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files

• Eastern Pacific Tropical Weather Outlook (updates by the NHC four times a day during the season)
• National Hurricane Center
• Central Pacific Hurricane Center
• Naval Research Laboratory

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Derek Wroe, Sam Houston: Tropical Cyclon Report - Hurricane Pali ( English , PDF; 1.4 MB) In: Central Pacific Hurricane Center . December 13, 2018. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
2. ^ Bob Henson: Rare January Depression in Central Pacific; Atlantic Subtropical Storm Next Week? ( English ) Weather Underground. January 7, 2016. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
3. ^ Bob Henson: Warm, Wet Year for US; Record Heat in South Africa; Tropical Storm Pali Intensifies ( English ) Weather Underground. January 8, 2018. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
4. ^ Robert Burke: Hurricane Pali Advisory Number 22 ( English ) Central Pacific Hurricane Center. January 12, 2016. Retrieved February 8, 2019.
5. ↑ Jon Erdman: Tropical Depression Nine-C Dissipates; Caps Off a Record Central Pacific Hurricane Season ( English ) The Weather Channel. January 1, 2016. Accessed February 8, 2019.
6. ↑ Jeff Masters: Unprecedented: Simultaneous January Named Storms in the Atlantic and Central Pacific ( English ) Weather Underground. January 13, 2016. Accessed February 6, 2019.