Pearl river

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pearl River
Zhu Jiang - 珠江
Zhujiang Kou - 珠江 口
(with sea bay)
The catchment area of ​​the Pearl River (.mw-parser-output .Hant {font-size: 110%} 珠江 流域 圖 / .mw-parser-output .Hans {font-size: 110%} 珠江 流域 图)

The catchment area of ​​the Pearl River ( 珠江 流域 圖  /  珠江 流域 图 )

Data
location Guangdong ( PR China )
River system Pearl river
Confluence of Liu Xi with an estuary of the Bei Jiang
23 ° 14 ′ 27 ″  N , 113 ° 10 ′ 26 ″  E
Source height Near  0  m
muzzle Between Macau and Lantau Island (Hong Kong) in the South China Sea Coordinates: 22 ° 5 ′ 22 ″  N , 113 ° 46 ′ 13 ″  E 22 ° 5 ′ 22 ″  N , 113 ° 46 ′ 13 ″  E
Mouth height 0  m
Height difference 0 m
Bottom slope 0 ‰
length 177 km  , with west river 2214 km
Catchment area 452,000 km²
Drain MQ
 9500 m³ / s
Left tributaries Dong Jiang (East River)
Right tributaries Estuary of the Xi Jiang ( west river ) and Bei Jiang (north river)
Big cities Guangzhou , Dongguan , Shenzhen , Zhongshan , Zhuhai , Macau , Hong Kong
Pearl River in Guangzhou

Pearl River in Guangzhou

The Pearl River (also Pearl Stream , Chinese  珠江 , Pinyin Zhū ​​Jiāng , Jyutping Zyu 1 Gong 1 ) is a 177 km long estuary in southern China in Guangdong Province ; the name comes from the island "Seeperle" ( 海 珠 , Hǎizhū , Jyutping Hoi 2 zyu 1 ), which was formerly located in the river bed . Historically, the river is also known as " Yue Jiang " or " Yuejiang " ( 粵 江  /  粤 江 , Yuè Jiāng , Jyutping Jyut 6 Gong 1  - "Guangdong River, Canton River or Stream of the Yue ").

In its upper part, which also runs through the metropolis of Guangzhou , the estuary deltas of the north and east rivers meet . The lower part, the Pearl River Estuary ( 珠江 口 , Zhūjiāng Kǒu , Jyutping Zyu 1 gong 1 Hau 2 ) is a bay of the South China Sea up to 30 kilometers wide , the west side of which is flanked by the great delta of the West River . The three river deltas form a common, multi-armed network of watercourses and skerries , the Pearl River Delta .

geography

By far the largest tributary of the bay, the western river , the Xi Jiang , ( 西江 , Xī Jiāng , Jyutping Sai 1 Gong 1 , 2.214  km long ), with a water flow of around 7,400 m³ / s, is the second largest river in China. At the beginning of its delta at Sanshui it is connected to the north river , Bei Jiang , ( 北江 , Běi Jiāng , Jyutping Bak 1 Gong 1 , 573 km, around 1,250  m³ / s ) coming from the north via a body of water with alternating flow direction. After that, the west river strives south and the north river east. Both then fork into two main arms: the right and largest arm of the west river reaches the sea without touching the Pearl River Bay; the left arm joins the right arm of the north river before it flows into the Pearl River. Its left arm reaches the Pearl River in Guǎngzhōu directly. This has formed around 20 kilometers above the city from the smaller Xi Jiang and a first tributary of the northern river. About 45 kilometers southeast of Guǎngzhōu, the main arms of the north river from the west and the east river coming from the east , Dong Jiang , ( 東江  /  东江 , Dōng Jiāng , Jyutping Dung 1 Gong 1 , 562 km, around 750 m³ / s ) flow into the estuary , which merges into the aforementioned wide bay after another 20 km. The tidal range is around 1.6 meters here.

Utility room

The Pearl River is not only the mouth of the largest river system in southern China (catchment area around 452,000 km²), but also one of the economic core areas of China and an important shipping lane that is kept 10 meters deep from Guangzhou to Macau on the South China Sea. On average around 50 km east of the island-rich transition area from the Pearl River Bay to the open ocean ( marginal sea of the Pacific ) is Hong Kong , which is connected to the Pearl River by a strait .

The area through which the Pearl River flows is considered one of the most active economic areas in China with the special economic zones Shēnzhèn and Zhūhǎi as well as the megacities of Guǎngzhōu , Fóshān , Dōngguǎn , Zhongshan and the special administrative areas Hong Kong and Macau . These cities now form an almost continuous urban landscape with a high industrial concentration. It was mainly companies from Hong Kong and Taiwan that invested in the Pearl River estuary and thus initiated this dynamic development process.

power supply

At the lower reaches of the Pearl River, a 500 kV overhead line crosses the Pearl River, which is suspended from the highest high-voltage pylons on earth ( Pearl River overhead line crossing ).

Web links

Commons : Pearl River  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stephen Codrington: Planet Geography , 3rd ed., 2005 (p. 420)
  2. ↑ a b NASA: Hsi (Pearl) River Delta, South China ( Memento from February 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) , accessed on April 3, 2019
  3. ↑ a b averaged from the information in Y. Zong, G. Huang, AD Switzer, F. Yu WW-S. Yim: An evolutionary model for the Holocene formation of the Pearl River delta, China ( Memento from April 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.1 MB) , The Holocene 19, 1 (2009) pp. 129–142 and in the river basin data sheets ( memento of February 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) of NASA, accessed on April 3, 2019
  4. ^ Y. Zong, G. Huang, AD Switzer, F. Yu WW-S. Yim: An evolutionary model for the Holocene formation of the Pearl River delta, China ( Memento from April 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.1 MB) , The Holocene 19, 1 (2009) pp. 129–142, accessed on April 3, 2019