Philipp Naudé

Philipp Naudé , often with the addition (father) or the elder , sometimes also quoted with the Latinized first name Philippus and / or surname Naudaeus , (* December 28, 1654 in Metz , France ; † March 7, 1729 in Berlin ) was a French -German mathematician , mathematics professor and (hobby) theologian .

Life

Philipp Naudé was born on December 28, 1654, the son of a dye works owner. The dye works, along with the house and garden, was located in Metz directly on the banks of the Moselle . Early on he showed a tendency towards science and a talent for languages. When the Duke of Sachsen-Marksuhl (later: Sachsen-Eisenach ) was looking for a page in Metz to act as a supervisor, playmate and French teacher for the then seven-year-old Prince, the choice fell on the clever twelve-year-old Philipp Naudé. A young Lutheran clergyman , who was responsible for the princes' religious instruction, was assigned as a roommate , as the Duke of Naudé wanted the same denomination . Indeed, Naudé accepted the Protestant faith and its teachings. A visit from his father and older brother made Naudé, who had been guaranteed a career at court, homesick, so that he returned to Metz three months later, in October 1670. As a result, he was prepared for the takeover of the factory, but at the same time he continued his education without a teacher and with a lot of diligence, in which he achieved perfection in the Latin language and in the field of mathematics as well as establishing his theological knowledge.

In October 1685, Philipp Naudé had been running the inherited business for several years, was married and had a son of the same name, who was almost ten months old. The revocation of the Edict of Nantes , which set off the persecution of Protestants, prompted the family to flee Lorraine hastily . First she came to Saarbrücken , then moved via Kaiserslautern to Hanau (where her wife and child initially stayed) and finally started a new life in Berlin in 1687. He was helped by the Dutch architect and mathematician Rutger von Langerfeld , who lives in Berlin and who encouraged him - who neither had a math teacher nor had previously taught himself - to take up a teaching position. After a short time, this resulted in the request from the Joachimsthal Gymnasium to teach the mathematical basics there. In 1690 the Margravine of Brandenburg-Anspach , a daughter of the Duke of Saxony-Eisenach, in whose service the young Naudé was once, learned of the refugee's whereabouts and provided him with additional lifelong income by giving him to the Elector , later King of Prussia, Friedrich I. , recommended as secrétaire interprète (secretary and interpreter). Due to Langerfeld's death in 1696, Naudé was able to take over all of his three offices and thus became court mathematician, page trainer and professor at the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences . In 1699 the professorship for geometry at the Mahl-, Bild- und Baukunst-Academie, the later Prussian Academy of the Arts , was added. The exchange of research and opinions with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz , especially in the field of binary calculation, was intensive, which promoted Naudé's admission as a society member to the Academy of Sciences, of which Leibniz was president, in 1701. From 1704 he also gave lessons at the Fürsten- und Ritter-Academie Berlin.

He had wanted to steer his son in the direction of his second passion, theology. Although the son was by no means unsuitable in this, preaching was not his thing . That is why Naudé passed on his knowledge to him and practically brought in his successor. In 1707 the son replaced the father at the Prussian Academy of the Arts (sometimes simply called "Mahler Academy"). In 1708 he first became his assistant at the Joachimsthaler Gymnasium, then he replaced him and taught there until his own death in 1745. In between he instructed Frederick the Great in algebra . While Philipp Naudè the Younger performed the latter services, Philipp Naudè the Elder, who lived until 1729, wrote many essays in retirement. These mostly dealt with the subjects of theology and philosophy, which were neglected during professional life . He was an ardent particularist and supralapsarian.

Fonts

Histoire abrégée de la naissance et du progrez du Kouakerisme avec celle de ses dogmes , Cologne 1692.
Morale évangelique opposée à quelques Morales Philosophiques publiées dans ce siecle, à laquelle on a joint: Un Abbrege de la vraye religion chretienne en un traitté contenant les moyens de cormoitre facilement si on est dans l'état de grace ou dans celuy de la nature , Berlin 1699.
Meditations saintes de la Paix de l'Ame , Berlin 1699.
La Religion des Kouakres en Angleterre , Paris 1699.
Geometry for use by the Fürsten Academie , Berlin 1704.
Grounds of the art of measurement. Presented in a new order. And with clear and concise evidence. Drafted for use by the Royal Prussian Prince and Knight Academy , Berlin 1706.
La souveraine perfection de Dieu dans ses divins attributs, contre Mr. Bayle , Amsterdam 1708.
Recueil des objection qui ont été faites jusqu'à presént contre le traité de la souveraine perfection de Dieu, avec les réponses , Amsterdam 1709.
Examination des deux Traités nouvellement mis au jour par Mr. de la Placette , Amsterdam 1713
Investigation of Mystical Theology , Zerbst 1713.
Theological thoughts on Jeremi Stercki draft of the doctrine of the nature and order of the divine councils , 1714
Une lettre apologetique en faveur de M. Osterwald contre les Remarques de Naudé , Berlin 1716.
Entretiens solitaires , Berlin 1717.
Réfutation du Commentaire philosophique de Mr. Bayle, ou, Solution generale et renversement, de tous les sophismes que l'auteur y employe à dessein d'etablir en tous lieux, une tolerance sans bornes, pour l'exercice public de toutes les unerurs et les hérésies dont l'esprit humain peut estre capable , Berlin 1718.
Traité de la justification du pecheur devant Dieu, dans lequel on examine la nature, les usages & la necessité des bonnes oeuvres depuis la chute de l'homme , Berlin 1736 (published posthumously).

literature

Erich Haase: Introduction to the literature of the Réfuge. The Contribution of the French Protestants to the Development of Analytical Thoughts at the End of the 17th Century . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959.

Web links

Philipp Naudé in the German biography
Literature by and about Philipp Naudé in the bibliographic database WorldCat

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Daniel Heinrich Herings: Contributions to the history of the Evangelical Reformed Church in the Prussian-Brandenburg countries. Second part . Verlag Johann Ernst Meyers, Breslau 1785, p. 170–172 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Christian Gottlieb Joecher: General learned lexicon. Therein the scholars of all ages, both male and female, who lived from the beginning of the world up to the present time, and made themselves known to the learned world, are described in alphabetical order after their birth, withering away and writing from the most credible scribes. Third part of M-R . Johann Friedrich Gieditschen's bookstore, Leipzig 1751, Sp. 834 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ ^a ^b ^c Naudé, Philipp. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 23, Leipzig 1740, column 1273 f.
^ ^A ^b ^c Carl Joseph Bouginé: Handbook of the general history of literature based on Heumann's outline. Fourth volume . Drell, Fueßli and Comp., Zurich 1791, p. 528 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ Christiane Guttinger: Hugenots. De la Moselle à Berlin. The chemins de l'exil. In: hugenots.fr. September 24, 2010, accessed August 16, 2016 (French).
↑ Philipp Naudé sen. In: adk.de. Retrieved August 16, 2016 .
^ Leibniz Research Center Hanover of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen at the Leibniz Archive of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library Hanover (ed.): Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Mathematical [,] scientific and technical correspondence (= Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. All writings and letters . Third series, eighth volume, 1699–1701). Verlag O. Reichl, Darmstadt 2015, ISBN 978-3-11-044058-4 , Philippe Naudé to Leibniz. Berlin, April 18, 1701, 245, footnote to N. 245 ( gwlb.de [PDF; accessed on August 16, 2016]).
^ Karl-Walter Beise, Christian Ritzi, Georg Rückriem (eds.): Bernhard Ludwig Becmann. News from the Royal Joachimsthal Gymnasio, which presents its condition from the beginning to the present day in a context . Julius Kleinhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2012 ( limited preview in the Google book search).

personal data
SURNAME	Naudé, Philipp
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Naudé, Philipp (father); Naudé, Philip the Elder; Naudé, Philipp senior; Naudé, Philipp I .; Naudé, Philip; Naudaeus, Philipp; Naudaeus, Philip; Naudé, Philippe; PNDLSRDBEPEMDLA (Philippe Naudé, de la societé royale de Berlin, et profeseur dans l'académie illustrious)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Franco-German mathematician, university professor and theologian
DATE OF BIRTH	December 28, 1654
PLACE OF BIRTH	Metz , France
DATE OF DEATH	March 7, 1729
Place of death	Berlin

[Herings-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Daniel Heinrich Herings: Contributions to the history of the Evangelical Reformed Church in the Prussian-Brandenburg countries. Second part . Verlag Johann Ernst Meyers, Breslau 1785, p. 170–172 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Joecher-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Christian Gottlieb Joecher: General learned lexicon. Therein the scholars of all ages, both male and female, who lived from the beginning of the world up to the present time, and made themselves known to the learned world, are described in alphabetical order after their birth, withering away and writing from the most credible scribes. Third part of M-R . Johann Friedrich Gieditschen's bookstore, Leipzig 1751, Sp. 834 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Zedler-3] Naudé, Philipp. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 23, Leipzig 1740, column 1273 f.

[Bouginé-4] A ^b ^c Carl Joseph Bouginé: Handbook of the general history of literature based on Heumann's outline. Fourth volume . Drell, Fueßli and Comp., Zurich 1791, p. 528 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[5] Christiane Guttinger: Hugenots. De la Moselle à Berlin. The chemins de l'exil. In: hugenots.fr. September 24, 2010, accessed August 16, 2016 (French).

[6] Philipp Naudé sen. In: adk.de. Retrieved August 16, 2016 .

[7] Leibniz Research Center Hanover of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen at the Leibniz Archive of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library Hanover (ed.): Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Mathematical [,] scientific and technical correspondence (= Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. All writings and letters . Third series, eighth volume, 1699–1701). Verlag O. Reichl, Darmstadt 2015, ISBN 978-3-11-044058-4 , Philippe Naudé to Leibniz. Berlin, April 18, 1701, 245, footnote to N. 245 ( gwlb.de [PDF; accessed on August 16, 2016]).

[8] Karl-Walter Beise, Christian Ritzi, Georg Rückriem (eds.): Bernhard Ludwig Becmann. News from the Royal Joachimsthal Gymnasio, which presents its condition from the beginning to the present day in a context . Julius Kleinhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2012 ( limited preview in the Google book search).