Potentiometer
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Poti ფოთი |
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| State : |
 Georgia
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| Region : | Mingrelia and Upper Svaneti | ||
| Coordinates : | 42 ° 9 ′ N , 41 ° 40 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 0 m. ü. M. | ||
| Residents : | 41,465 (2014) | ||
| Time zone : | Georgian Time (UTC + 4) | ||
| Telephone code : | (+995) 293 | ||
| Community type: | city | ||
| Website : | |||
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Poti ( Georgian ფოთი ) is a port city in the Mingrelia and Upper Svaneti (historical Mingrelia region ) in Georgia . It has 41,465 inhabitants (2014 census) and is located on the Black Sea at the mouth of the Rioni River in the Colchian lowlands.
history
In the immediate vicinity of today's city there was since the early 6th century BC. A Greek colony with the ancient city of Phasis ( Greek Φάσις). According to the Greek Argonauts legend , the mouth of the Phasis River, today's Rioni, was the destination of Jason and the Argonauts in search of the Golden Fleece in the Colchis . The city, located at an estuary, existed until the Byzantine era, but the settlement area was limited by its location near extensive swamps, and there was also a latent threat of malaria . Archaeologists have found part of the settlement under the surface of Lake Paliostomi near Poti. In Phasis there was a temple of Apollo , which is known from an inscription on a silver bowl from Subow (Kuban). The Kolchische Akademie in Phasis was also famous. The educational institution, which can be traced back to the 6th century, taught in Georgian and Greek, and Byzantine historians praised its high prosperity in the fields of arithmetic and rhetoric. The port city formed a station on the Silk Road across the Black Sea. In the 5th century, Phasis was a hub for goods from India , Central Asia , the Middle East and the Mediterranean, and coin finds also prove the brisk trade.
As a result of the conquests of the Sassanid Empire , Abkhazia became an isolated part of the Byzantine Empire. With the advance of the Arabs, the area temporarily became part of the Abbasid Caliphate . After the invasion of the Mongols, the disintegration into small principalities followed in the 13th century, which the Turks paid tribute to. The Turks built a fortress to protect the hinterland of Poti.
Tsarist Russia took Poti in 1828. The present city developed in the 1880s after Georgia's first railway line between Poti and Tbilisi was completed and a seaport was built in 1872 . In 1876 there were 3026 inhabitants.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Poti experienced an enormous boom as an export port for manganese ore . At that time, Georgia was the world's second largest supplier of manganese ore, which is needed for steel production in heavy industry.
In Soviet times, the city was an important naval base . The administration at that time initiated the extensive drainage of the swamps and thus created a basis for the growth of today's city. The last remnants of these areas with dense forests are located as a nature reserve on the eastern shore of Lake Paleostomi (17.3 km²), which was a lagoon of the Black Sea in ancient times.
The trolleybus operation was shut down in 2004.
During the 2008 Caucasus War , Poti was bombed by Russian forces on the night of August 8-9. Among other things, the port was hit. On August 14, advanced units of the Russian army with tanks and infantry moved into Poti and destroyed several ships of the armed forces of Georgia and the coast guard at their berths in the port . On September 13, 2008, the Russian troops withdrew from the city under international pressure.
traffic
port
Along with Batumi, Poti is one of the two major sea ports in Georgia and is therefore of great importance for Georgian foreign trade . Manganese , corn , timber and wine are exported via Poti . Georgia's southern neighbor, Armenia , is a landlocked country and does not have its own access to the sea. A large part of the trade to and from Armenia therefore uses the port of Poti and the Georgian railway .
The port has several terminals for 20,000 ton tankers. After a phase of stagnation in the 1990s , Poti is now experiencing new economic growth. In 2002, 4 million tons of goods were handled. By spring 2008, cargo throughput had increased to 7.7 million tons. As of April 2008, 51% of the property has been owned by the Investment Authority of the Emirate of Ra's al-Khaimah (RAK). Associated with this is an operator license valid for 49 years. The port area is to be converted into a free trade zone and will receive a new terminal.
The Georgian Coast Guard has its permanent base in Poti.
Poti is a member of the International Association of Cities and Ports , which also includes Dunkirk (France), Bari ( Italy ), Rijeka ( Croatia ) and Curaçao (Netherlands Antilles).
railroad
The port and the city are the western starting point of the Poti – Baku railway line , the oldest railway line in Georgia, through which particularly oil and petroleum products from Azerbaijan are shipped to Poti. The Georgian railway, Sakartwelos Rkinigsa , offers passenger connections to Tbilisi several times a day .
Culture
There is an art academy in Poti.
Twin cities
sons and daughters of the town
- Nana Alexandria (* 1949), chess player
- Dawit Tschimakuridze (1925-2006), Soviet wrestler of Georgian descent and Olympic champion in 1952
See also
Web links
- Ferry company 1 from Poti to Europe
- Site of the city of Poti
- Preliminary Technical File. Poti, Georgia . Kyiv Initiative Regional Program. Pilot Project on the Rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage in Historic Towns, around 2012
Individual evidence
- ↑ Otar Lordkipanidze: Archeology in Georgia, from the Paleolithic to the Middle Ages. Sources and research on prehistoric and Roman provincial archeology. Weinheim, VCH, 13
- ↑ a b c Tessa Hofmann : Armenia and Georgia . In: Express travel guide . Mundo-Verlag, Leer 1990, ISBN 3-87322-001-6 , Poti, p. 339 .
- ↑ Russian fighter planes bomb the port of Poti and a Georgian military base. Report on www.izvestia.ru from August 8, 2008.
- ↑ Russian Air Force bombs Poti - dead and injured Report on www.georgien-nachrichten.de of August 8, 2008, on appeal from Civil Georgia
- ↑ Medvedev stops military action . Star . August 12, 2008. Retrieved August 14, 2008.
- ↑ Russian tanks enter Georgia's Poti ( English ) Reuters . August 14, 2008. Retrieved August 18, 2008.
- ↑ armenialiberty.org: Armenia Faces Trade Blockade As Russia Widens Georgia Assault , accessed August 12, 2008