Guayas Province

Guayas Province Provincia del Guayas
flag
Location in Ecuador
Basic data
Capital	Guayaquil
population	3,645,483 (2010)
- Share in Ecuador	25.2%
- Rank in Ecuador	1 of 24
- density	222 inhabitants per km²
surface	17,139 km²
- Share in Ecuador	6.0%
- Rank in Ecuador	2 of 24
License Plate	G
Set up	1820
prefect	Jimmy Jairala
governor	José Francisco Cevallos
structure	25 cantons
ISO 3166-2	EC-G
www.guayas.gov.ec

The province of Guayas ( Spanish Provincia del Guayas ) is the most populous province of Ecuador with an estimated 3.5 million inhabitants (2005) . It is located on the Pacific coast of the country and bears the name of the Río Guayas , whose water intake system runs through and shapes it. The provincial capital is Guayaquil .

location

The province of Guayas is located in the center of the coastal lowlands ( Costa ) of Ecuador. In the south it borders on the province of El Oro and the Gulf of Guayaquil , in the southwest on the Pacific . Its neighboring provinces are the province of Santa Elena in the west, which was spun off from Guayas in October / November 2007 , Manabí in the northwest, Los Ríos in the northeast and east, Chimborazo , Cañar and El Oro in the east.

politics

For a long time the dominant political party in the province was the Partido Social Cristiano (PSC), the social-Christian party of Ecuador, from which the citizens' movement Madera de Guerrero , founded by the mayor of Guayaquil, Jaime Nebot , emerged before the parliamentary elections in 2009 , but which is still allied with the PSC is. The prefect of the province, Jaime Jairala, belongs to the Centro Democrático Nacional (CD) party he founded , a more center-left party that emerged as a local opposition to President Correas Alianza PAÍS (Jairala won as a candidate for the short-lived party in 2009 Una Nueva Opción held the regional elections against Pierina Correa and then founded the CD), but has been cooperating with them since the regional elections in 2014. Of the 25 cantonal capitals, PSC-Madera de Guerrero has 6 and CD and / or Alianza PAÍS 14.

On March 1, 2007, President Correa signed a bill that merged the cantons of La Libertad, Santa Elena and Salinas into a new " Province of Santa Elena ". The Prefect of Guayas, the Mayor of Guayaquils and large parts of the Provincial Council were against the spin-off of the new province, which was ratified by the National Congress on November 7, 2007 after long negotiations and sometimes violent strikes in the affected cantons . The province of Santa Elena now exists and is administered for 90 days until a prefect is elected by a government committee made up of representatives of the cantons and the governor Ana Treviño appointed by the president.

history

Already since approx. 3500 BC Parts of today's province were settled, as evidenced by artefacts of the Valdivia culture .

The province was proclaimed as the "Free Province of Guayaquil" in 1820 and included the present-day provinces of Guayas, Los Ríos , El Oro , Manabí and Santa Elena . The first president was José Joaquín de Olmedo . Through the law on the territorial order of Greater Colombia, the Guayaquil Department was established in 1824 as an administrative unit of Greater Colombia, to which the newly named Province of Guayas also belonged. The province has belonged to Ecuador since the state was founded in 1830 and is its most populous and economically strongest province in the 20th and 21st centuries.

Cantons

The province of Guayas is divided into 25 cantons with a varying number of around 50 urban and 35-40 rural parishes ( parroquias ). These are (in order of their establishment):

1. Guayaquil (administrative seat since colonial times: Guayaquil )
2. Daule (established in 1820, administrative seat: Daule )
3. Yaguachi (established in 1883, administrative headquarters: Yaguachi Nuevo )
4. Balzar (established in 1903, previously parish of the canton of Daule, administrative seat: Balzar )
5. Milagro (established in 1913, previously part of Yaguachi, administrative headquarters: Milagro )
6. Samborondón (established in 1955, previously part of the canton of Guayaquil; administrative seat: Samborondón )
7. Salitre (established in 1959 as the Canton Urvina Jado, administrative seat: El Salitre ; the original namesake Francisco Urbina Jado was an economically influential banker during the Liberal Revolution at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries)
8. Naranjal (established in 1960, previously part of the canton of Guayaquil, administrative seat: Naranjal )
9. El Empalme (established in 1971, previously part of Balzar, administrative seat: Velasco Ibarra, after José María Velasco Ibarra , during whose presidency the canton was established)
10. Naranjito (established in 1972, previously part of the Milagro canton; administrative headquarters: Naranjito)
11. El Triunfo (established in 1983, previously part of Yaguachi, administrative headquarters: El Triunfo)
12. Durán (established in 1985, previously part of the canton of Guayaquil; the parish, which later became a canton, was given the name of the ex-president Eloy Alfaro in 1920 and is still officially called that; administrative seat: Durán )
13. Pedro Carbo (established in 1985, previously part of the canton of Daule, administrative seat: Pedro Carbo; Pedro Carbo (1813–1894) was, inter alia, Foreign Minister of Ecuador)
14. Jujan (established in 1986, previously part of Yaguachi, administrative headquarters: Jujan; canton and administrative headquarters also bear the name of the ex-President Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno (1859–1951))
15. Santa Lucía (established in 1987, previously part of the Daule canton, administrative headquarters: Santa Lucía)
16. Balao (established in 1987, previously part of the canton of Guayaquil, administrative seat: Balao)
17. Colimes (established in 1988, previously part of Balzar, administrative headquarters: Colimes)
18. Palestina (established in 1988, previously part of the canton of Santa Lucía, administrative seat: Palestina)
19. Playas (established in 1990, administrative headquarters: Playas; administrative headquarters and canton are also officially called General Villamil after the freedom fighter and former foreign minister José de Villamil (1788–1866))
20. Simón Bolívar (established in 1991, previously part of Yaguachi, administrative seat: Simón Bolívar; named after the libertador of the same name )
21. Coronel Marcelino Maridueña (established in 1992, previously part of Yaguachi; Colonel Maridueña was a military, patriot and politician from Yaguachi, administrative seat: Marcelino Maridueña)
22. Nobol (established in 1992, previously part of the canton of Daule, administrative seat: Nobol; the administrative seat and the canton are also officially called Narcisa de Jesús (Narcisa de Jesús Martillo Morán (1832–1869), born in Nobol, was beatified in 1992 by John Paul II ) but both are better known as Nobol; the administrative seat is also known as Piedrahita)
23. Lomas de Sargentillo (established in 1992, previously part of the canton of Daule, administrative headquarters: Lomas de Sargentillo)
24. General Antonio Elizalde (established in 1995, previously part of Milagro, General Antonio Elizalde; canton and administrative headquarters are also known as Bucay; Antonio Elizalde (1795–1862) was a military, freedom fighter and Ecuador's first consul general in Peru)
25. Isidro Ayora (established in 1996, previously part of Lomas de Sargentillo, administrative seat: Isidro Ayora; Isidro Ayora was President of Ecuador from 1926 to 1931)

The Province of Santa Elena now includes:

1. Santa Elena (established in 1839, administrative seat: Santa Elena )
2. Salinas (established in 1937, previously part of Santa Elena, administrative headquarters: Salinas )
3. La Libertad (established in 1993, previously part of the Salinas canton, administrative headquarters: La Libertad )

Remarks

1. ^ INEC, Población total y tasa brutas de natalidad, mortalidad general, mortalidad infantil y materna según regiones y provincias de residencia habitual, año 2005 ( Memento of June 8, 2006 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on October 13, 2007.
2. ↑ María Alejandra Torres, Provincialización de la Península, al Congreso ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , El Universo (Guayaquil), March 2, 2007, Hipólito Muñoz, Santa Elena es oficialmente provincia  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as broken. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , El Universo, November 8, 2007, and Lenin Moreno posesiona a nuevos gobernadores , EL UNIVERSO, November 16, 2007 (Spanish)   

Web links

• Turismoguayas - Site of the Guayas Chamber of Tourism ( Memento of March 3, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
• Government and Parliament of the Guayas Province

Coordinates: 2 ° 17 ′  S , 79 ° 52 ′  W