Pyrantel
Structural formula | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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General | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-proprietary name | Pyrantel | |||||||||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 11 H 14 N 2 S | |||||||||||||||||||||
Brief description |
pale yellow to yellow powder (pyrantel embonate) |
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Drug information | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 206.32 g · mol -1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Physical state |
firmly |
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Melting point |
178-179 ° C (pyrantel) |
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solubility |
practically insoluble in water, soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide , practically insoluble in methanol (pyrantel embonate) |
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Toxicological data | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Pyrantel is a medicinal substance against worm diseases of the digestive tract in humans and animals. Pyrantel belongs to the group of tetrahydropyrimidines.
Drug
The active ingredient is used as a salt of emboxylic acid (pamoic acid). Pure pyramid embonate or pyramid pamoate is a tasteless, crystalline salt with a yellowish-brown color. It does not dissolve in water. Freshly made fabrics do not have a long shelf life because they decompose under light, air and heat. Using suitable auxiliaries, pyrantel embonate is formulated as a chewable tablet or suspension (human medicine). Pastes, tablets, suspensions and powders are available for animals.
application
Pyrantel is effective against pinworms ( Oxyuriasis ), roundworms ( Ascariasis ), hookworms ( Ancylostoma duodenale ), nematodes ( Trichostrongylus colubriformis ) and the American hookworm ( Necator americanus ). By paralyzing the muscle-supplying nerves in the worms, the medicinal substance restricts movement, which leads to excretion from the host organism. Pyrantel is a drug of choice as an alternative to the broad spectrum antihelminthic mebendazole . It is only slightly effective against whipworm and is not indicated for treatment. Only a small percentage of pyrantel is absorbed into the bloodstream. The peak concentration in the blood plasma occurs after 1–3 hours. Excretion takes place primarily in the stool and only to a small extent via the kidneys.
In the case of pinworm disease, the entire community should be treated and the cure should be repeated after two weeks.
Warning notices
The drug must not be used in the presence of liver damage, intolerance to one of the pharmaceutical excipients or in children under six months of age. Simultaneous use with a wormer product containing piperazine should also be avoided. Treatment during pregnancy is possible in exceptional cases after the doctor in charge has weighed the benefit-risk ratio. Since pyrantel is excreted in breast milk, a breastfeeding woman should discard the milk during this period.
American doctors warn against consuming alcohol and smoking during treatment.
literature
- Yellow list Pharmindex . mmi Der Wissensverlag, Neu-Isenburg, Edition 1, 2008, p. 1010.
- Medical pharmacology . Vol. II, Verlag VEB Georg Thieme, Leipzig, 1984, p. 883.
- August Stich: worm infections. Part 1: Intestinal helminths . MMW update Med. 143: 324-326 (2001).
- Technical information Helmex, as of September 2007.
Trade names
Cobantril (CH), Combantrin (A), Helmex (D)
- Veterinary medicine
Banminth (A, D, CH), Combantrin (A), Dolpac (A), Drontal (A), Hippoparex (D), Hippotwin (A), Plerion (D, A), Sepantel (A), Welpan (A)
Web links
- Entry to pyrantel at Vetpharm, accessed on 23 November 2011th
- Pyrantel at Mayoclinic
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c data sheet PYRANTEL EMBONATE CRS (PDF) at EDQM , accessed on March 1, 2009.
- ↑ Entry on Pyrantel. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on May 30, 2014.
- ↑ Data sheet Pyrantel pamoate at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on May 14, 2017 ( PDF ).