Right skirt

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Rechtsrock (also written RechtsRock ) is the name for rock music that is used as a vehicle for right-wing extremist and neo-Nazi ideas.

The phenomenon of the right rock

Right-wing rock encompasses a plethora of genres. He conveys right-wing extremist, neo-Nazi and racist ideas in different ways. Here, the right-wing rock functions as a means to open up young people to these ideas and to win them over permanently. The core are the texts, which are often directed against state organs, leftists or foreigners with simple, straight-line rhymes and call for "resistance" against them and glorify Germany and its Nazi past. In addition, some right-wing rock bands also play songs that revolve around more general topics such as love, friendship or football. The musical instrumentation ranges from professional to artistically very undemanding arrangements.

Right-wing rock is not only played by musical amateurs. Productions by various today's right-wing rock bands are professionally recorded and can hardly be compared with the right-wing rock of the early 1980s and 1990s. Often the listener is barely aware of the true sentiments of these bands and their songs, which is why these bands sometimes gain a foothold in the apolitical environment. Paradoxically, some of these bands deny any National Socialist sentiments, but openly acknowledge them in songs or between the lines. For example, the band Sturmwehr expresses itself on the legally available sound carriers as nationalistic, but distinguishes itself from National Socialism, whereas Sturm 18, a side project of the band, openly propagates National Socialist texts. The symbols used, the design of the CD covers, the music videos and the appearance of the band members at concerts and their statements in interviews characterize the genre. The right-wing rock is distributed by the scene's own labels, mail orders, fanzines and magazines. It is also sold directly at concerts and parties and through so-called “scene shops”.

History of legal rock

Right-wing rock is a phenomenon that has only existed since the early 1980s. Skrewdrivers from Great Britain were pioneers here . Before that, there was also right-wing extremist music, but the style of the songs was marching music and so appealed more to old Nazis and less to young people.

At the beginning of the 1980s, bands appeared for the first time, spreading neo-Nazi messages through songs in the punk-rock style. The skinhead scene initially spread to hooligan circles, but the English Oi! and neo-Nazi bands like Skrewdriver are also entering the German punk scene. The first German skinhead bands like Herbärds and Die Alliierten saw themselves more as left or apolitical, but clearly neo-Nazi bands like Kraft durch Froide were also founded . As one of the first publications in right-wing rock - apart from the unsuccessful Ragnaröck at the end of the 1970s - the debut album The nice man of the Böhse Onkelz is considered. It was first indexed in 1986 and later confiscated on the basis of §131 ( representation of violence ) . The justification for the indexing was that the songs propagated National Socialist ideas, called for violence and had pornographic content. The album contains several patriotic songs such as Germany and the football anthem France 84 , but no National Socialist content, as the BPjS falsely claimed. It was released on the Rock-O-Rama label , which originally published punk rock and soon became a pioneer in legal rock. Among other things, the early albums of Skrewdriver , Störkraft and Endstufe were published there. Right-wing rock then spread mainly through rock-o-rama and labels like Metal Enterprises , which wanted to benefit from the small boom. The scene was not very politicized and existed more from the desire for fights and provocations. In the further course of the 1980s, the skinhead largely broke away from the hooligan scene. Furthermore, the skinheads split into two large political camps. In addition, a so-called non-political scene emerged.

In the early 1990s, after German reunification and around the same time with a number of racist riots, German right-wing rock became radicalized. While the bands of the first phase were more cautiously racist in comparison, the bands of the 1990s indulged in annihilation fantasies, open confessions to National Socialism and both the glorification and denial of the Holocaust . The best-known band of this time is Landser , whose members were later sentenced to imprisonment and fines for forming a criminal organization as well as for sedition and dissemination of right-wing extremist propaganda. Since the majority of extreme right-wing rock publications were quickly indexed or confiscated, some bands tried to refrain from making criminal statements such as open calls for murder. They now showed their views less openly and replaced clear confessions with ciphers from the right-wing extremist scene .

In the mid-1990s, Funny Sounds , Torsten Lemmer's label, developed into the largest distribution channel for right-wing extremist music. In his autobiography, he states that he was able to sell about 70,000 units with disruptive power. Lemmer was controversial in the scene, however, because he did not come from the typical skinhead milieu, but appeared as a modern entrepreneur. After leaving the right-wing extremist scene, right-wing rock tended towards a decentralized marketing strategy, away from the dominant individual companies. The music was now increasingly distributed through a number of smaller companies or (as in the case of the Spree squadrons ) directly through the respective bands.

Right-wing rock is used to advertise right-wing extremist and neo-Nazi ideologies among young people. In the so-called “ Schulhof CD project ”, German neo-Nazis distributed tens of thousands of copies of a free CD with pieces by well-known German and international right-wing rock bands in the vicinity of schools and youth clubs throughout Germany in 2004, until a nationwide confiscation order was issued. The NPD picked up the idea a little later and used its own CD productions for various election campaigns .

distribution

Christian Dornbusch and Jan Raabe estimated that between German reunification in 1990 and 2006, almost 400 German bands released over 1,200 right-wing rock records, with 114 new releases being recorded in 2006 alone. In addition, there have been an average of 35 releases by foreign bands on German labels in recent years. While in 1990 only the Cologne label Rock-O-Rama marketed right-wing extremist music, in 2006 around 50 companies, labels and distributors competed for German and international bands. The average print run of such productions is 3,000 copies, but this number may be much higher for the “big” bands in the spectrum. Nationwide in 2006 there were at least 230, mostly covertly organized concerts by bands and musicians from the fields of right-wing rock and hatecore as well as right-wing extremist songwriters or NSBM bands. The most active shipping in 2010 is V7 Versand , which has bought up several labels and mail order companies.

internationality

The occurrence of right-wing extremist music is not limited to Germany. The British neo-Nazi band Skrewdriver is considered a pioneer of right-wing rock. Her singer Ian Stuart Donaldson was instrumental in founding the Blood and Honor network, the aim of which is to organizationally link and promote neo-Nazi bands. There is also a division of this network in Germany, which is still active despite being banned in 2000. Despite the extremely nationalistic character of the individual bands, the European coordination of the scene is extremely intense. German right-wing rock and NSBM bands that do not have the opportunity to perform in Germany usually play in neighboring countries. There are also several international compilations and various split releases that demonstrate the close interlinking of the right-wing rock scene in the international arena.

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ https://mobit.org/category/rechtsrock/
  2. ^ Ingo Taler: Out of Step . Hardcore punk between rollback and neo-Nazi adaptation. series of anti-fascist texts / UNRAST-Verlag , Hamburg / Münster 2012, ISBN 978-3-89771-821-0 , p. 9, 11, 12 .
  3. ↑ Decision No. 2683 (V) of August 15, 1986 ( Memento of October 7, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 780 kB), accessed on October 15, 2012.
  4. ↑ Klaus Farin : Skinheads . 5th revised edition. Munich 2002. pp. 87-90
  5. ↑ Torsten Lemmer: Nazis Raus. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 2002, ISBN 3-518-12296-7
  6. ↑ u. a. Federal Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Verfassungsschutzbericht 2007, ISSN  0177-0357 , p. 105f. Available online at Verfassungsschutz.de ( Memento from September 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF)